ASTM D2500-16b

Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 For petroleum products and biodiesel fuels, cloud point of a petroleum product is an index of the lowest temperature of their utility for certain applications.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers only petroleum products and biodiesel fuels that are transparent in layers 40 mm in thickness, and with a cloud point below 49 °C.
Note 1: The interlaboratory program consisted of petroleum products of Test Method D1500 color of 3.5 and lower. The precisions stated in this test method may not apply to samples with ASTM color higher than 3.5.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 7.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2016
• ICS: 75.080 - Petroleum products in general
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.07 - Flow Properties

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D2500 − 16b British Standard 4458
Standard Test Method for
1
Cloud Point of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2500; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* D6300Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias
Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and
1.1 This test method covers only petroleum products and
Lubricants
biodiesel fuels that are transparent in layers 40mm in
D7962Practice for Determination of Minimum Immersion
thickness, and with a cloud point below 49°C.
Depth and Assessment of Temperature Sensor Measure-
NOTE 1—The interlaboratory program consisted of petroleum products
ment Drift
ofTestMethodD1500colorof3.5andlower.Theprecisionsstatedinthis
E1Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
test method may not apply to samples withASTM color higher than 3.5.
E1137SpecificationforIndustrialPlatinumResistanceTher-
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
mometers
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
E2251Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermom-
standard.
eters with Low-Hazard Precision Liquids
E2877Guide for Digital Contact Thermometers
1.3 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many
3
regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause
2.2 Energy Institute Standard:
central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or Specifications for IP Standard Thermometers
its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to
3. Terminology
materials.Cautionshouldbetakenwhenhandlingmercuryand
mercury containing products. See the applicable product Ma-
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
terial Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s
3.1.1 biodiesel, n—afuelcomprisedofmono-alkylestersof
website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for addi-
long chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animal
tional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury
fats, designated B100.
and/or mercury containing products into your state or country
3.1.1.1 Discussion—Biodiesel is typically produced by a
may be prohibited by law.
reaction of vegetable oil or animal fat with an alcohol such as
methanol or ethanol in the presence of a catalyst to yield
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
mono-estersandglycerin.Thefueltypicallymaycontainupto
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
14differenttypesoffattyacidsthatarechemicallytransformed
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
into fatty acid methyl esters (FAME).
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
3.1.2 biodiesel blend, n—a blend of biodiesel fuel with
statements, see Section 7.
petroleum-based diesel fuel designated BXX, where XX is the
volume % of biodiesel.
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.3 cloud point, n—in petroleum products and biodiesel
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
fuels, the temperature of a liquid specimen when the smallest
D1500Test Method forASTM Color of Petroleum Products
observable cluster of wax crystals first occurs upon cooling
(ASTM Color Scale)
under prescribed conditions.
3.1.3.1 Discussion—To many observers, the cluster of wax
crystals looks like a patch of whitish or milky cloud, hence the
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
nameofthetestmethod.Thecloudappearswhenthetempera-
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.07 on Flow Properties.
ture of the specimen is low enough to cause wax crystals to
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2016. Published January 2017. Originally
form. For many specimens, the crystals first form at the lower
approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D2500–16a. DOI:
circumferential wall of the test jar where the temperature is
10.1520/D2500-16B.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR,
the ASTM website. U.K., http://www.energyinst.org.uk.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

--------------------
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D2500 − 16a D2500 − 16b British Standard 4458
Standard Test Method for
1
Cloud Point of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2500; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers only petroleum products and biodiesel fuels that are transparent in layers 40 mm in thickness, and
with a cloud point below 49 °C.
NOTE 1—The interlaboratory program consisted of petroleum products of Test Method D1500 color of 3.5 and lower. The precisions stated in this test
method may not apply to samples with ASTM color higher than 3.5.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central
nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution
should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet
(MSDS) for details and EPA’s website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware
that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 7.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1500 Test Method for ASTM Color of Petroleum Products (ASTM Color Scale)
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
D7962 Practice for Determination of Minimum Immersion Depth and Assessment of Temperature Sensor Measurement Drift
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
E1137 Specification for Industrial Platinum Resistance Thermometers
E2251 Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermometers with Low-Hazard Precision Liquids
E2877 Guide for Digital Contact Thermometers
3
2.2 Energy Institute Standard:
Specifications for IP Standard Thermometers
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 biodiesel, n—a fuel comprised of mono-alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animal fats,
designated B100.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.07 on Flow Properties.
Current edition approved June 1, 2016Dec. 1, 2016. Published June 2016January 2017. Originally approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as
D2500 – 16.D2500 – 16a. DOI: 10.1520/D2500-16A.10.1520/D2500-16B.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR, U.K., http://www.energyinst.org.uk.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—
Biodiesel is typically produced by a reaction of vegetable oil or animal fat with an alcohol such as methanol or ethanol in the
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2500 − 16b
presence of a catalyst to yield mono-esters and glycerin. The fuel typically may contain up to 14 different types of fatty acids that
are chemically transformed into fatty acid methyl esters (FAME).
3.1.2 biodiesel blend, n—a blend of biodiesel fuel with petroleum-based diesel fuel designated BXX, where XX is the volume
% of biodiesel.
3.1.3 cloud point, n—in petroleum products and biodiesel fuels, the temperature of a liquid specimen when the smallest
obser
...