ASTM D7933-22
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Engine Coolant Stagnation in Flux-Brazed Aluminum Heat Exchangers
Standard Test Method for Engine Coolant Stagnation in Flux-Brazed Aluminum Heat Exchangers
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Automobile and truck radiators and heater cores are now predominantly made with aluminum alloys using various manufacturing processes including brazing with a flux (See Appendix X1 for additional information). The presence of residual internal brazing flux in heat exchangers along with the high ratio of internal aluminum surface area to coolant volume may affect certain physical and chemical properties and corrosion protection of the coolant. This test method provides a screening test to assess engine coolant physical and chemical properties and corrosion protection after aging it in a heat exchanger brazed with flux at elevated temperature under stagnant conditions. This method cannot stand alone as evidence of satisfactory coolant performance in flux-brazed aluminum heat exchangers. The actual service of an engine coolant formulation can be determined only by more comprehensive bench, dynamometer, and field tests.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a laboratory screening procedure for evaluating engine coolant compatibility and corrosion protection after aging two weeks at 90 °C in an aluminum heat exchanger brazed using flux.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 31-May-2022
- Technical Committee
- D15 - Engine Coolants and Related Fluids
- Drafting Committee
- D15.21 - Extended Life Coolants
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-Nov-2023
- Effective Date
- 01-May-2023
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2019
- Effective Date
- 01-May-2019
- Effective Date
- 01-Apr-2014
- Effective Date
- 15-May-2011
- Effective Date
- 15-May-2011
- Effective Date
- 01-Dec-2010
- Effective Date
- 01-Apr-2008
- Effective Date
- 01-Apr-2007
- Effective Date
- 01-Mar-2006
- Effective Date
- 10-Feb-1999
- Effective Date
- 10-Feb-1999
- Effective Date
- 10-Apr-1998
- Effective Date
- 10-Apr-1998
Overview
ASTM D7933-22: Standard Test Method for Engine Coolant Stagnation in Flux-Brazed Aluminum Heat Exchangers provides a laboratory screening procedure to evaluate the compatibility and corrosion protection performance of engine coolants when exposed to flux-brazed aluminum heat exchangers under stagnant, high-temperature conditions. This standard is essential for the automotive industry, where radiators and heater cores are predominantly constructed from aluminum alloys using brazing with fluxes. The presence of residual internal brazing flux and a high ratio of internal aluminum surface area to coolant volume can significantly impact coolant performance, including corrosion resistance and chemical stability.
Key Topics
Test Scope and Purpose
ASTM D7933-22 details a method for aging engine coolant in an aluminum heat exchanger, brazed with flux, at 90°C for two weeks. This controlled stagnation simulates extended periods of limited coolant flow, helping to assess potential changes in coolant performance.Coolant Compatibility
- Evaluates physical and chemical properties of engine coolant, such as appearance, pH, water and glycol content, and contamination, both before and after stagnation.
- Screens for changes or degradation that may affect long-term performance.
Corrosion Protection Evaluation
- Measures coolant's ability to prevent aluminum corrosion, particularly using the referenced Test Method D4340.
- Addresses the risk of corrosion due to residual flux and stagnant fluid conditions.
Practical Value
- Provides test reproducibility parameters and reporting guidelines to ensure consistent assessment.
- Stresses the importance of using new, unwashed heat exchangers for each test to simulate real-world scenarios.
- Clarifies that the results serve as a screening tool and should be supplemented with more comprehensive tests for in-service validation.
Applications
Automotive and Heavy-Duty Vehicle Industry
- Used by manufacturers and developers of engine coolants to evaluate product compatibility with modern aluminum heat exchangers.
- Helps OEMs and coolant suppliers assess the performance of coolants in radiators and heater cores where flux residues are likely present.
Quality Control and R&D
- Provides a laboratory method for identifying unsuitable formulations early in development, thereby saving time and cost in further testing.
- Allows benchmarking of different coolant formulations under controlled stagnant conditions.
Field Failure Analysis
- Offers diagnostic insights when investigating cases of premature corrosion or coolant failure linked to stagnation in aluminum heat exchangers.
Related Standards
Users of ASTM D7933-22 often reference the following ASTM standards for complementary procedures and test methods:
- ASTM D1176 – Practice for Sampling and Preparing Aqueous Solutions of Engine Coolants or Antirusts for Testing Purposes.
- ASTM D1193 – Specification for Reagent Water, relevant for preparing test solutions.
- ASTM D4340 – Test Method for Corrosion of Cast Aluminum Alloys in Engine Coolants Under Heat-Rejecting Conditions, used for post-stagnation performance assessment.
- ASTM E230/E230M – Specification for Temperature-Electromotive Force Tables for Standardized Thermocouples, applicable for temperature measurement accuracy.
Summary
ASTM D7933-22 is a critical standard for evaluating the compatibility and corrosion protection of engine coolants in flux-brazed aluminum heat exchangers under stagnant conditions. By identifying potential issues with coolant formulations before field deployment, this method supports the ongoing reliability and efficiency of automotive and heavy-duty vehicle cooling systems. For best results, users should integrate findings from this screening test with more comprehensive laboratory and field performance assessments in accordance with related ASTM standards.
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Frequently Asked Questions
ASTM D7933-22 is a standard published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Test Method for Engine Coolant Stagnation in Flux-Brazed Aluminum Heat Exchangers". This standard covers: SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 4.1 Automobile and truck radiators and heater cores are now predominantly made with aluminum alloys using various manufacturing processes including brazing with a flux (See Appendix X1 for additional information). The presence of residual internal brazing flux in heat exchangers along with the high ratio of internal aluminum surface area to coolant volume may affect certain physical and chemical properties and corrosion protection of the coolant. This test method provides a screening test to assess engine coolant physical and chemical properties and corrosion protection after aging it in a heat exchanger brazed with flux at elevated temperature under stagnant conditions. This method cannot stand alone as evidence of satisfactory coolant performance in flux-brazed aluminum heat exchangers. The actual service of an engine coolant formulation can be determined only by more comprehensive bench, dynamometer, and field tests. SCOPE 1.1 This test method covers a laboratory screening procedure for evaluating engine coolant compatibility and corrosion protection after aging two weeks at 90 °C in an aluminum heat exchanger brazed using flux. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 4.1 Automobile and truck radiators and heater cores are now predominantly made with aluminum alloys using various manufacturing processes including brazing with a flux (See Appendix X1 for additional information). The presence of residual internal brazing flux in heat exchangers along with the high ratio of internal aluminum surface area to coolant volume may affect certain physical and chemical properties and corrosion protection of the coolant. This test method provides a screening test to assess engine coolant physical and chemical properties and corrosion protection after aging it in a heat exchanger brazed with flux at elevated temperature under stagnant conditions. This method cannot stand alone as evidence of satisfactory coolant performance in flux-brazed aluminum heat exchangers. The actual service of an engine coolant formulation can be determined only by more comprehensive bench, dynamometer, and field tests. SCOPE 1.1 This test method covers a laboratory screening procedure for evaluating engine coolant compatibility and corrosion protection after aging two weeks at 90 °C in an aluminum heat exchanger brazed using flux. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM D7933-22 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 71.100.45 - Refrigerants and antifreezes. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ASTM D7933-22 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM E230/E230M-23a, ASTM E230/E230M-23, ASTM D1176-14(2019), ASTM D4340-19, ASTM D1176-14, ASTM E230/E230M-11e1, ASTM E230/E230M-11, ASTM D4340-10, ASTM D1176-98(2008), ASTM D4340-96(2007), ASTM D1193-06, ASTM D1193-99, ASTM D1193-99e1, ASTM D1176-98, ASTM D1176-98(2002). Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
ASTM D7933-22 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7933 − 22
Standard Test Method for
Engine Coolant Stagnation in Flux-Brazed Aluminum Heat
Exchangers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7933; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope isfilledwithenginecoolant,plugged,andplacedinanovenfor
two weeks (336 h) at 90 °C. Engine coolant compatibility is
1.1 This test method covers a laboratory screening proce-
assessed based on changes in coolant physical and composi-
dure for evaluating engine coolant compatibility and corrosion
tional properties, and engine coolant aluminum corrosion
protection after aging two weeks at 90 °C in an aluminum heat
protection is based on performance in the Test Method D4340
exchanger brazed using flux.
test.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
4. Significance and Use
standard.
4.1 Automobileandtruckradiatorsandheatercoresarenow
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
predominantly made with aluminum alloys using various
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
manufacturing processes including brazing with a flux (See
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Appendix X1 for additional information). The presence of
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
residual internal brazing flux in heat exchangers along with the
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
high ratio of internal aluminum surface area to coolant volume
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
may affect certain physical and chemical properties and corro-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
sion protection of the coolant. This test method provides a
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
screening test to assess engine coolant physical and chemical
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
properties and corrosion protection after aging it in a heat
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
exchanger brazed with flux at elevated temperature under
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
stagnant conditions. This method cannot stand alone as evi-
dence of satisfactory coolant performance in flux-brazed alu-
2. Referenced Documents
minum heat exchangers. The actual service of an engine
2.1 ASTM Standards:
coolant formulation can be determined only by more compre-
D1176 Practice for Sampling and Preparing Aqueous Solu-
hensive bench, dynamometer, and field tests.
tions of Engine Coolants orAntirusts forTesting Purposes
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
5. Apparatus
D4340 Test Method for Corrosion of CastAluminumAlloys
5.1 Aluminum Heat Exchanger Brazed with Flux—The heat
in Engine Coolants Under Heat-Rejecting Conditions
exchanger may be a radiator, heater core, or other, liquid
E230/E230M Specification for Temperature-Electromotive
cooled heat exchanger.
Force (emf) Tables for Standardized Thermocouples
NOTE 1—The aluminum brazed heat exchangers used in this test
3. Summary of Test Method
method may be commercially produced or experimentally prepared by the
heat exchanger supplier. The aluminum grade, alloying, flux loading
3.1 An aluminum heat exchanger that was brazed using flux
during brazing, and residual flux remaining in the heat exchanger after
via any application method or as part of the material cladding
brazing may vary from part to part. The heat exchanger type,
manufacturer, size, and other design parameters are decided by mutual
1 agreement of the parties involved.
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D15 on Engine
Coolants and Related Fluids and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
5.2 Coolant Hoses, Clamps, Hose Adapters, and Caps or
D15.21 on Extended Life Coolants.
Plugs—Rubber engine coolant hoses (approximately 15 cm
Current edition approved June 1, 2022. Published June 2022. Originally
length) of appropriate diameter shall be fitted onto heat
approved in 2015. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D7933–15. DOI:
10.1520/D7933-22.
exchanger inlet/outlets to allow for coolant expansion. EPDM
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
is one type hose material suitable for the test. Metal clamps,
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
hose adapters, and threaded caps or plugs (stainless steel, or
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. steel) shall be used to seal the heat exchanger during the
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D7933 − 22
NOTE 2—Some manufacturers internally wash the heat exchangers to
stagnation test. All materials used in the preparation and
reduce the amount of internal manufacturing flux residues. If the heat
plumbing of the test specimen shall not be galvanic to the
exchanger is internally washed, it shall be recorded and reported that it
aluminum heat exchanger.
was washed and there shall be no additional washing, rinsing, flushing of
the heat exchanger prior to running the test.
5.3 Temperature-Measuring Instrument(Thermocouple)—
An ASTM partial immersion temperature-measuring instru-
9.2 Charging—Determine the volume capacity of the heat
ment having a range from –20 °C to 150 °C and conforming to
exchanger. (See 9.6, Heat Exchanger Reference Test, to deter-
the requirements for thermocouple as summarized in Specifi-
mine capacity volumes). Fill the heat exchanger to 80 %
cation E230/E230M.
capacitywiththeenginecoolanttestsolution.Placecaporplug
on the ends of the coolant hoses and tighten firmly to seal the
5.4 Thermocouple Data Logger and Recorder appropriate
heat exchanger during aging in the oven. An example of an
and capable to a range less than –20 °C and greater than
assembled heat exchanger with hoses, clamps, and caps is
150 °C.
shown in the digital image in Fig. 1. The Test Method D4340
5.5 Convection Oven—Oven that shall provide temperature
test requires a minimum of 500 mLof 50/50 engine coolant. If
distribution accuracy 62°Cat90°C.
the heat exchanger is less than 500 mL, use additional heat
5.6 Cylinder, Beaker, or Flask of appropriate reading accu-
exchangers to produce sufficient quantity of engine coolant to
racy relative to the requirements of this screening procedure.
perform the Test Method D4340 test.
9.3 Aging—Place heat exchanger in a suitable convection
6. Reagents and Materials
oven for two weeks (336 h) at 90 °C (Note 3). The oven test
6.1 Reagent Grade Water—Specification D1193 Grade are
chamber shall be brought to test temperature prior to placing
available.
the heat exchanger in the oven. Maintain oven temperature
within 62 °C during the test. (Warning—The heat exchanger
7. Test Solution
and hoses may build up pressure during the test. Place heat
7.1 Engine Coolant Test Fluid—The engine coolant test
exchanger in a tray to contain any coolant in the event of a
fluid shall be a 50 vol % engine coolant prepared using
leak. Avoid handling during the test. If handling is required,
Specification D1193 Type IV reagent water and prepared in
use protective safety glasses and gloves during handling the
accordance with Practice D1176 directions.
heat exchanger.)
7.2 The engine coolant test fluid shall be tested before and
NOTE 3—Maintaining the correct temperature within the specified
after the stagnation period for physical and chemical properties
limits of 62 °C during the entire test run is an important factor for
along with performance testing in theTest Method D4340.The assuring both repeatability and reproducibility of the test results. Care
should be taken to maintain a constant airflow across the heat exchanger’s
specific physical and chemical property tests (appearance,
external heat transfer surfaces (fin, tube). No direct radiant heating is
water and glycol content, pH, coolant composition and
permitted.
contamination, glycol degradation and oxidation products,
corrosion and brazing flux components) as well as test condi-
tions(temperature,pressure,duration,andtestfluid
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7933 − 15 D7933 − 22
Standard Test Method for
Engine Coolant Stagnation in Flux-Brazed Aluminum Heat
Exchangers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7933; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers a laboratory screening procedure for evaluating engine coolant compatibility and corrosion protection
after aging two weeks at 90°C90 °C in an aluminum heat exchanger brazed using flux.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1176 Practice for Sampling and Preparing Aqueous Solutions of Engine Coolants or Antirusts for Testing Purposes
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D4340 Test Method for Corrosion of Cast Aluminum Alloys in Engine Coolants Under Heat-Rejecting Conditions
E230/E230M Specification for Temperature-Electromotive Force (emf) Tables for Standardized Thermocouples
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 An aluminum heat exchanger that was brazed using flux via any application method or as part of the material cladding is filled
with engine coolant, plugged, and placed in an oven for two weeks (336 h) at 90°C.90 °C. Engine coolant compatibility is assessed
based on changes in coolant physical and compositional properties, and engine coolant aluminum corrosion protection is based on
performance in the Test Method D4340 test.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Automobile and truck radiators and heater cores are now predominantly made with aluminum alloys using various
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D15 on Engine Coolants and Related Fluids and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D15.21 on
Extended Life Coolants.
Current edition approved May 1, 2015June 1, 2022. Published May 2015June 2022. Originally approved in 2015. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D7933–15.
DOI: 10.1520/D7933-1510.1520/D7933-22.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D7933 − 22
manufacturing processes including brazing with a flux (See Appendix X1 for additional information). The presence of residual
internal brazing flux in heat exchangers along with the high ratio of internal aluminum surface area to coolant volume may affect
certain physical and chemical properties and corrosion protection of the coolant. This test method provides a screening test to
assess engine coolant physical and chemical properties and corrosion protection after aging it in a heat exchanger brazed with flux
at elevated temperature under stagnant conditions. This method cannot stand alone as evidence of satisfactory coolant performance
in flux-brazed aluminum heat exchangers. The actual service of an engine coolant formulation can be determined only by more
comprehensive bench, dynamometer, and field tests.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Aluminum Heat Exchanger Brazed with Flux—The heat exchanger may be a radiator, heater core, or other, liquid cooled heat
exchanger.
NOTE 1—The aluminum brazed heat exchangers used in this test method may be commercially produced or experimentally prepared by the heat exchanger
supplier. The aluminum grade, alloying, flux loading during brazing, and residual flux remaining in the heat exchanger after brazing may vary from part
to part. The heat exchanger type, manufacturer, size, and other design parameters are decided by mutual agreement of the parties involved.
5.2 Coolant Hoses, Clamps, Hose Adapters, and Caps or Plugs—Rubber engine coolant hoses (approximately 15 cm length) of
appropriate diameter shall be fitted onto heat exchanger inlet/outlets to allow for coolant expansion. EPDM is one type hose
material suitable for the test. Metal clamps, hose adapters, and threaded caps or plugs (stainless steel, or steel) shall be used to seal
the heat exchanger during the stagnation test. All materials used in the preparation and plumbing of the test specimen shall not be
galvanic to the aluminum heat exchanger.
5.3 Temperature-Measuring Instrument (Thermocouple)—Temperature-Measuring Instrument(Thermocouple)—
An ASTM partial immersion temperature-measuring instrument having a range from -20–20 °C to 150°C150 °C and conforming
to the requirements for thermocouple as summarized in Specification E230/E230M.
5.4 Thermocouple Data Logger and Recorder appropriate and capable to a range less than –20 °C and greater than 150 °C.
5.5 Convection Oven—Oven that shall provide temperature distribution accuracy 62 °C at 90 °C.
5.6 Cylinder, Beaker, or Flask of appropriate reading accuracy relative to the requirements of this screening procedure.
6. Reagents and Materials
6.1 Reagent Grade Water—Specification D1193 Grade are available.
7. Test Solution
7.1 Engine Coolant Test Fluid—The engine coolant test fluid shall be a 50 vol % engine coolant prepared using Specification
D1193 Type IV reagent water and prepared per in accordance with Practice D1176 directions.
7.2 The engine coolant test fluid shall be tested before and after the stagnation period for physical and chemical properties along
with performance testing in the Test Method D4340. The specific physical and chemical property tests (appearance, water and
glycol content, pH, coolant composition and contamination, glycol degradation and oxidation products, corrosion and brazing flux
components) as well as test conditions (temperature, pressure, duration, and test fluid dilution) in the Test Method D4340 are
decided by mutual agreement of parties using the test.
8. Test Conditions
8.1 Engine Coolant Test Fluid—The amount of engine coolant required for the test is dependent on the size of the heat exchanger
and shall be 80 % of the volume of the heat exchanger.
8.2 Test Temperature—The test shall be conducted at 90°C.90 °C. The temperature shall be maintained at 62°C62 °C throughout
the test.
D7933 − 22
8.3 Test Duration—The test shall be run continuously for two weeks (336 h).
9. Procedure
9.1 Aluminum Heat Exchanger Brazed with Flux—The Use the aluminum heat exchanger shall be used in the test as received.in
testing as received (new and unused condition). There shall be no internal washing, rinsing, flushing of the heat exchanger before
the test (Note 2). New heat exchangers shall be used for each test. Attach engine coolant hoses to inlet and outlet tubes of heat
exchanger with metal clamps. Install hose adapter and clamp on the other end of the hose.
NOTE 2—Some manufacturers internally wash the heat exchangers to reduce the amount of internal manufacturing flux residues. If the heat exchanger
is internally washed, it shall be recorded and reported that it was washed and there shall be no additional washing, rinsing, flushing of the heat exchanger
prior to running the test.
9.2 Charging—Determine the volume capacity of the heat exchanger. (See 9.6, Heat Exchanger Reference Test, to determine
capacity volumes). Fill the heat exchanger to 80 % capacity with the engine coolant test solution. Place cap or plug on the ends
of the coolant hoses and tighten firmly to seal the heat exchanger during aging in the oven. An example of an assembled heat
exchanger with hoses, clamps, and caps is shown in the digital image in Fig. 1. The Test Method D4340 test requires a minimum
of 500 mL of 50/50 engine coolant. If the heat exchanger is less than 500 mL, use additional heat exchangers to produce sufficient
quantity of engine
...
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