ASTM A1040-10(2015)e1

Standard Guide for Specifying Harmonized Standard Grade Compositions for Wrought Carbon, Low-Alloy, and Alloy Steels

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 It is anticipated that the ASTM Subcommittees A01.02, A01.03, A01.06, A01.09, A01.11, A01.15, A01.19, A01.22, and A01.28 will use the standard composition limits listed in this guide for the grades identified in their product specifications unless there is a specific technical justification for doing otherwise.  
4.2 The composition limits given in this guide are to be used as guides in determining limits for each of the elements included in the total composition of each grade. The composition limits have been established with the intent that each ASTM subcommittee will find it necessary to require only a minimum number of changes to reflect specific technical effects. Section 5 lists the general guidelines followed for determining the limits for each element; the limits established in this guide are based upon these guidelines.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers ASTM Subcommittees A01.02, A01.03, A01.06, A01.09, A01.11, A01.15, A01.19, A01.22, and A01.28 for specifying chemical composition limits of wrought carbon, low-alloy, and alloy steels. It is intended that these recommended grade composition limits be suitable for adoption by other standardization bodies that prepare standards for carbon, low-alloy, and alloy steel products, including discontinued steels.  
1.2 Included in this guide are the recommendations for determining the number of significant figures for specifying chemical composition.  
1.3 The carbon and alloy steel grades in all standards overseen by the aforementioned ASTM subcommittees have been included, except those grades applicable to restricted special end uses.  
1.4 Not addressed are minor composition modifications that a specific ASTM subcommittee may find necessary to accommodate effects of normal processing or to enhance fabricability by the producer or user, or both.  
1.5 Also not generally addressed (except where established by ASTM subcommittees) is a complete rationalization of all limits, especially where such would conflict with long-standing practices and is not justified by special technical effect.  
1.6 This guide does not address discontinued or formerly standard steel grades. A listing of such steel grades can be found in SAE J1249. Also excluded from this guide are cast materials and welding filler metals.  
1.7 In 1995, the AISI made the decision to transfer the responsibility of maintaining its numbering system to the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) for carbon and alloy steels (SAE J403 and SAE J404) and to ASTM International for stainless steels (Guide A959 and others). To inform users of this important event, historical information is included in the appendix of this standard.  
1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Aug-2015
• ICS: 77.140.01 - Iron and steel products in general
• Technical Committee: A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
• Drafting Committee: A01.15 - Bars

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM A1040-10 - Standard Guide for Specifying Harmonized Standard Grade Compositions for Wrought Carbon, Low-Alloy, and Alloy Steels
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2015
• Referred By: ASTM A519/A519M-17 - Standard Specification for Seamless Carbon and Alloy Steel Mechanical Tubing
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2015
• Referred By: ASTM C1002-22 - Standard Specification for Steel Self-Piercing Tapping Screws for Application of Gypsum Panel Products or Metal Plaster Bases to Wood Studs or Steel Studs
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2015
• Referred By: ASTM A512-18 - Standard Specification for Cold-Drawn Buttweld Carbon Steel Mechanical Tubing
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2015
• Referred By: ASTM C1513-18 - Standard Specification for Steel Tapping Screws for Cold-Formed Steel Framing Connections
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2015
• Referred By: ASTM A513/A513M-20a - Standard Specification for Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon and Alloy Steel Mechanical Tubing
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2015
• Referred By: ASTM C954-22 - Standard Specification for Steel Drill Screws for the Application of Gypsum Panel Products or Metal Plaster Bases to Steel Studs from 0.033 in. (0.84 mm) to 0.112 in. (2.84 mm) in Thickness
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2015
• Referred By: ASTM A510/A510M-20 - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Wire Rods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel, and Alloy Steel
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2015
• Referred By: ASTM F547-22 - Standard Terminology of Nails for Use with Wood and Wood-Base Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2015

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation: A1040 − 10 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Guide for
Specifying Harmonized Standard Grade Compositions for
Wrought Carbon, Low-Alloy, and Alloy Steels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A1040; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Units statement was inserted in 1.8 editorially in September 2015.
1. Scope* forstainlesssteels(GuideA959andothers).Toinformusersof
this important event, historical information is included in the
1.1 This guide covers ASTM Subcommittees A01.02,
appendix of this standard.
A01.03,A01.06,A01.09,A01.11,A01.15,A01.19,A01.22,and
A01.28 for specifying chemical composition limits of wrought 1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
carbon, low-alloy, and alloy steels. It is intended that these as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
recommended grade composition limits be suitable for adop- conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
tion by other standardization bodies that prepare standards for and are not considered standard.
carbon, low-alloy, and alloy steel products, including discon-
2. Referenced Documents
tinued steels.
1.2 Included in this guide are the recommendations for 2.1 ASTM Standards:
A276/A276M Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and
determining the number of significant figures for specifying
Shapes
chemical composition.
A941 TerminologyRelatingtoSteel,StainlessSteel,Related
1.3 The carbon and alloy steel grades in all standards
Alloys, and Ferroalloys
overseen by the aforementioned ASTM subcommittees have
A959 Guide for Specifying Harmonized Standard Grade
been included, except those grades applicable to restricted
Compositions for Wrought Stainless Steels
special end uses.
2.2 SAE Standards:
1.4 Not addressed are minor composition modifications that
SAE J403 Chemical Compositions of SAE Carbon Steels
a specific ASTM subcommittee may find necessary to accom-
SAE J404 Chemical Compositions of SAE Alloy Steels
modate effects of normal processing or to enhance fabricability
SAE J1013 Measurement of Whole Body Vibration of the
by the producer or user, or both.
Seated Operator of Off-Highway Work Machines
1.5 Also not generally addressed (except where established
SAE J1249 Former SAE Standard and Former SAE EX-
by ASTM subcommittees) is a complete rationalization of all
Steels
limits,especiallywheresuchwouldconflictwithlong-standing
practices and is not justified by special technical effect.
3. Terminology
1.6 This guide does not address discontinued or formerly
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
standard steel grades. A listing of such steel grades can be
3.1.1 long product, n—generic term describing wrought
found in SAE J1249. Also excluded from this guide are cast
bars, rod, wire, rail, tubing (welded and seamless), plate, and
materials and welding filler metals.
pipe.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—Product forms such as “C” shapes,
1.7 In 1995, the AISI made the decision to transfer the
“HP” shapes, “L” shapes, “M” shapes, “MC” shapes, “S”
responsibility of maintaining its numbering system to the
shapes, “W” shapes, and sheet piling are considered long
Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) for carbon and alloy
products. Such product forms are produced to mechanical
steels (SAE J403 and SAE J404) and to ASTM International
1 2
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
A01.15 on Bars. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2015. Published September 2015. Originally the ASTM website.
approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as A1040-10. DOI: Available from SAE International (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr.,Warrendale,
10.1520/A1040-10R15E01. PA 15096, http://www.sae.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
´1
A1040 − 10 (2015)
properties and are not normally produced to the chemical effects. Section 5 lists the general guidelines followed for
compositions listed in this guide. determining the limits for each element; the limits established
in this guide are based upon these guidelines.
3.1.2 flat product, n—generic term describing wrought sheet
and strip.
5. General Guidelines Used for Determining Composition
3.2 Refer to Terminology A941 for additional definitions of
Limits
terms used in this guide.
5.1 Table 1 gives typical chemical composition limits for
respective elements.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 It is anticipated that the ASTM Subcommittees A01.02,
6. Harmonized Standard Grade Wrought Carbon, Low-
A01.03,A01.06,A01.09,A01.11,A01.15,A01.19,A01.22,and Alloy, and Alloy Steel Compositions
A01.28 will use the standard composition limits listed in this
6.1 The harmonized composition limits are given in Tables
guide for the grades identified in their product specifications
2-17, grouped by metallurgical classification. Within all tables,
unless there is a specific technical justification for doing
grades are listed in numerical order.
otherwise.
6.2 Unless adopted by the appropriate product subcommit-
4.2 Thecompositionlimitsgiveninthisguidearetobeused
tee in an ASTM standard, the compositions described in this
as guides in determining limits for each of the elements
guide shall not be used for specifying an ASTM product.
included in the total composition of each grade. The compo-
6.3 Criteria for the addition of grades to the grade lists in
sition limits have been established with the intent that each
this guide are as follows: (1) New grades will be considered
ASTM subcommittee will find it necessary to require only a
based upon the grade meeting a standard grade designation and
minimum number of changes to reflect specific technical
chemistry; (2) New grades shall have an annual production or
consumption of 250 tons (225 Mg); (3) New grades shall have
TABLE 1 Expression of Chemical Composition Limits
the sponsorship of at least two individual users or producers.
Chemical Element Chemical Composition Limit
7. Keywords
C, Cr, Cu, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Si Two decimal places (0.xx % ) or (1.xx %)
Al, Ca, N, Nb (Cb), P, S, Sn, Ti, V Three decimal places (0.xxx %)
7.1 alloy steels; carbon steels; harmonized carbon, low-
B Four decimal places (0.xxxx %)
alloy, and alloy steel compositions; low-alloy steels
´1
A1040 − 10 (2015)
TABLE 2 Chemical Composition for Nonresulfurized Carbon Steels
A,B,C
Composition, %
Grade P max S max P max S max
CMn
Long Product Flat Product
1001 0.01 max 0.35 max 0.030 0.035
1002 0.02 max 0.35 max 0.030 0.035
1003 0.04 max 0.35 max 0.030 0.035
1004 0.02/0.06 0.35 max 0.030 0.035
1005 0.06 max 0.35 max 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
B
1006 0.02/0.08 0.45 max 0.030 0.035
D
1006 0.08 max 0.25-0.45 0.040 0.050
E
1006 0.08 max 0.45 max 0.030 0.035
1007 0.02/0.10 0.50 max 0.030 0.035
D
1008 0.10 max 0.30-0.50 0.040 0.050
E
1008 0.10 max 0.50 max 0.030 0.035
1009 0.15 max 0.60 max 0.030 0.035
1010 0.08-0.13 0.30-0.60 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1011 0.08-0.13 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050
1012 0.10-0.15 0.30-0.60 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
D, F
1013 0.11-0.16 0.50-0.80 0.040 0.050
E
1013 0.11-0.16 0.30-0.60 0.030 0.035
1015 0.13-0.18 0.30-0.60 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1016 0.13-0.18 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1017 0.15-0.20 0.30-0.60 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1018 0.15-0.20 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1019 0.15-0.20 0.70-1.00 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1020 0.18-0.23 0.30-0.60 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1021 0.18-0.23 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1022 0.18-0.23 0.70-1.00 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1023 0.20-0.25 0.30-0.60 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1024 0.18-0.25 1.30-1.65 0.035 0.035
1025 0.22-0.28 0.30-0.60 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1026 0.22-0.28 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1027 0.22-0.29 1.20-1.55 0.035 0.035
1029 0.25-0.31 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050
1030 0.28-0.34 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1033 0.30-0.36 0.70-1.00 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1034 0.32-0.38 0.50-0.80 0.040 0.050
1035 0.32-0.38 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1037 0.32-0.38 0.70-1.00 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1038 0.35-0.42 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1039 0.37-0.44 0.70-1.00 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1040 0.37-0.44 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1042 0.40-0.47 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1043 0.40-0.47 0.70-1.00 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1044 0.43-0.50 0.30-0.60 0.040 0.050
1045 0.43-0.50 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1046 0.43-0.50 0.70-1.00 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1049 0.46-0.53 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1050 0.48-0.55 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1053 0.48-0.55 0.70-1.00 0.040 0.050
1055 0.50-0.60 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1059 0.55-0.65 0.50-0.80 0.040 0.050
1060 0.55-0.65 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1064 0.60-0.70 0.50-0.80 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1065 0.60-0.70 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1069 0.65-0.75 0.40-0.70 0.040 0.050
1070 0.65-0.75 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
G
1070m 0.65-0.75 0.80-1.10 0.025 0.025
1071 0.65-0.70 0.75-1.05 0.040 0.050
1074 0.70-0.80 0.50-0.80 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1075 0.70-0.80 0.40-0.70 0.040 0.050
1078 0.72-0.85 0.30-0.60 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1080 0.75-0.88 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1084 0.80-0.93 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1085 0.80-0.93 0.70-1.00 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1086 0.80-0.93 0.30-0.50 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
´1
A1040 − 10 (2015)
TABLE 2 Continued
A,B,C
Composition, %
Grade P max S max P max S max
CMn
Long Product Flat Product
1090 0.85-0.98 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1095 0.90-1.03 0.30-0.50 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
A
Where silicon is required, the following ranges and limits are commonly specified: 0.10 % maximum, 0.10 % to 0.20 %, 0.15 % to 0.35 %, 0.15 % to 0.40 %, 0.20 % to
0.40 %, or 0.30 % to 0.60 %.
B
If required, copper can be specified as 0.20 % minimum.
C
Where boron treatment for killed steel is specified for enhanced hardenability, titanium is generally added to shield the boron from oxidation. Boron levels between
0.0005 % and 0.0030 % can be expected for this practice. If the usual titanium addition is not permitted, the steel may contain up to 0.0050 % boron for enhanced
hardenability.
D
Long product.
E
Flat product.
F
SAE J1013 has chemical limits for manganese of 0.30-0.60 %.
G
1070m has chemical limits for silicon, 0.15-0.35 %; chromium, 0.20 % maximum; nickel, 0.25 % maximum; and molybdenum, 0.10 % maximum.
TABLE 3 Chemical Composition for Resulfurized Steels
A,B
Composition, %
Grade
C Mn P max S max
1108 0.08-0.13 0.60-0.80 0.040 0.08-0.13
1109 0.08-0.13 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.08-0.13
1110 0.08-0.13 0.30-0.60 0.040 0.08-0.13
1115 0.13-0.20 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.08-0.13
1116 0.14-0.20 1.10-1.40 0.040 0.16-0.23
1117 0.14-0.20 1.00-1.30 0.040 0.08-0.13
1118 0.14-0.20 1.30-1.60 0.040 0.08-0.13
1119 0.14-0.20 1.00-1.30 0.040 0.24-0.33
1132 0.27-0.32 1.35-1.65 0.040 0.08-0.13
1137 0.32-0.39 1.35-1.65 0.040 0.08-0.13
1139 0.35-0.43 1.35-1.65 0.040 0.13-0.20
1140 0.37-0.44 0.70-1.00 0.040 0.08-0.13
1141 0.37-0.45 1.35-1.65 0.040 0.08-0.13
1144 0.40-0.48 1.35-1.65 0.040 0.24-0.33
1145 0.42-0.49 0.70-1.00 0.040 0.04-0.07
1146 0.42-0.49 0.70-1.00 0.040 0.08-0.13
1151 0.48-0.55 0.70-1.00 0.040 0.08-0.13
A
It is not common practice to produce these steels to specified limits for silicon because of its adverse effect on machinability.
B
Where silicon is required, the following ranges and limits are commonly specified: 0.10 % maximum, 0.10 % to 0.20 %, 0.15 % to 0.35 %, 0.20 % to 0.40 %, or 0.30%
to 0.60 %.
TABLE 4 Chemical Composition for Rephosphorized and Resulfurized Carbon Steels
A,B
Composition, %
Grade
CMn P S
1211 0.13 max 0.60-0.90 0.07-0.12 0.10-0.15
1212 0.13 max 0.70-1.00 0.07-0.12 0.16-0.23
1213 0.13 max 0.70-1.00 0.07-0.12 0.24-0.33
1215 0.09 max 0.75-1.05 0.04-0.09 0.26-0.35
A
It is not common practice to produce these steels to specified limits for silicon because of its adverse effect on machinability.
B
Where silicon is required, the following ranges and limits are commonly specified: 0.10 % maximum, 0.10 % to 0.20 %, 0.15 % to 0.35 %, 0.20 % to 0.40 %, or 0.30%
to 0.60 %.
´1
A1040 − 10 (2015)
TABLE 5 Chemical Composition for High-Manganese Carbon Steels
A,B,C
Composition, %
Grade P max S max P max S max
CMn
Long Product Flat Product
1513 0.10-0.16 1.10-1.40 0.040 0.050
1518 0.15-0.21 1.10-1.40 0.040 0.050
1522 0.18-0.24 1.10-1.40 0.040 0.050
1524 0.19-0.25 1.35-1.65 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1525 0.23-0.29 0.80-1.10 0.040 0.050
1526 0.22-0.29 1.10-1.40 0.040 0.050
1527 0.22-0.29 1.20-1.50 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1536 0.30-0.37 1.20-1.50 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1541 0.36-0.44 1.35-1.65 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1547 0.43-0.51 1.35-1.65 0.040 0.050
1548 0.44-0.52 1.10-1.40 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1551 0.45-0.56 0.85-1.15 0.040 0.050
1552 0.47-0.55 1.20-1.50 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1561 0.55-0.65 0.75-1.05 0.040 0.050
1566 0.60-0.71 0.85-1.15 0.040 0.050
1572 0.65-0.76 1.00-1.30 0.040 0.050
A
Where silicon is required, the following ranges and limits are commonly specified: 0.10 % maximum, 0.10 % to 0.20 %, 0.15 % to 0.35 %, 0.20 % to 0.40 %, or 0.30%
to 0.60 %.
B
If required, copper can be specified as 0.20 % minimum.
C
If lead is required as an added element to a standard steel, a range of 0.15 % to 0.35 % inclusive is specified. Such a steel is identified by inserting the letter “L” between
the second and third numerals of the grade designation, for example, 15L25. A heat analysis is not determinable where lead is added to the ladle stream.
TABLE 6 Chemical Composition for Carbon Steels with Hardenability Requirements
Composition, %
Grade
C Mn P max S max Si
1038H 0.34-0.43 0.50-1.00 0.040 0.050 0.15-0.30
1045H 0.42-0.51 0.50-1.00 0.040 0.050 0.15-0.30
1522H 0.17-0.25 1.00-1.50 0.040 0.050 0.15-0.30
1524H 0.18-0.26 1.25-1.75 0.040 0.050 0.15-0.30
1526H 0.21-0.30 1.00-1.50 0.040 0.050 0.15-0.30
1541H 0.35-0.45 1.25-1.75 0.040 0.050 0.15-0.30
1552H 0.47-0.55 1.00-1.50 0.040 0.050 0.15-0.30
TABLE 7 Chemical Composition for Standard High-Manganese Boron Carbon Steels with Hardenability Requirements
A
Composition, %
Grade
CMn P S Si
15B21H 0.17-0.24 0.70-1.20 0.040 0
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: A1040 − 10 A1040 − 10 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Guide for
Specifying Harmonized Standard Grade Compositions for
Wrought Carbon, Low-Alloy, and Alloy Steels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A1040; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Units statement was inserted in 1.8 editorially in September 2015.
1. Scope*
1.1 This guide covers ASTM Subcommittees A01.02, A01.03, A01.06, A01.09, A01.11, A01.15, A01.19, A01.22, and A01.28
for specifying chemical composition limits of wrought carbon, low-alloy, and alloy steels. It is intended that these recommended
grade composition limits be suitable for adoption by other standardization bodies that prepare standards for carbon, low-alloy, and
alloy steel products, including discontinued steels.
1.2 Included in this guide are the recommendations for determining the number of significant figures for specifying chemical
composition.
1.3 The carbon and alloy steel grades in all standards overseen by the aforementioned ASTM subcommittees have been
included, except those grades applicable to restricted special end uses.
1.4 Not addressed are minor composition modifications that a specific ASTM subcommittee may find necessary to
accommodate effects of normal processing or to enhance fabricability by the producer or user, or both.
1.5 Also not generally addressed (except where established by ASTM subcommittees) is a complete rationalization of all limits,
especially where such would conflict with long-standing practices and is not justified by special technical effect.
1.6 This guide does not address discontinued or formerly standard steel grades. A listing of such steel grades can be found in
SAE J1249. Also excluded from this guide are cast materials and welding filler metals.
1.7 In 1995, the AISI made the decision to transfer the responsibility of maintaining its numbering system to the Society of
Automotive Engineers (SAE) for carbon and alloy steels (SAE J403 and SAE J404) and to ASTM International for stainless steels
(Guide A959 and others). To inform users of this important event, historical information is included in the appendix of this
standard.
1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A276A276/A276M Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes
A941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related Alloys, and Ferroalloys
A959 Guide for Specifying Harmonized Standard Grade Compositions for Wrought Stainless Steels
2.2 SAE Standards:
SAE J403 Chemical Compositions of SAE Carbon Steels
SAE J404 Chemical Compositions of SAE Alloy Steels
SAE J1013 Measurement of Whole Body Vibration of the Seated Operator of Off-Highway Work Machines
SAE J1249 Former SAE Standard and Former SAE EX-Steels
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.15 on
Bars.
Current edition approved April 1, 2010Sept. 1, 2015. Published April 2010September 2015. Originally approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 20092010 as
A1040 – 09.A1040-10. DOI: 10.1520/A1040-10.10.1520/A1040-10R15E01.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
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*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
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3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 long product, n—generic term describing wrought bars, rod, wire, rail, tubing (welded and seamless), plate, and pipe.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—
Product forms such as “C” shapes, “HP” shapes, “L” shapes, “M” shapes, “MC” shapes, “S” shapes, “W” shapes, and sheet piling
are considered long products. Such product forms are produced to mechanical properties and are not normally produced to the
chemical compositions listed in this guide.
3.1.2 flat product, n—generic term describing wrought sheet and strip.
3.2 Refer to Terminology A941 for additional definitions of terms used in this guide.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 It is anticipated that the ASTM Subcommittees A01.02, A01.03, A01.06, A01.09, A01.11, A01.15, A01.19, A01.22, and
A01.28 will use the standard composition limits listed in this guide for the grades identified in their product specifications unless
there is a specific technical justification for doing otherwise.
4.2 The composition limits given in this guide are to be used as guides in determining limits for each of the elements included
in the total composition of each grade. The composition limits have been established with the intent that each ASTM subcommittee
will find it necessary to require only a minimum number of changes to reflect specific technical effects. Section 5 lists the general
guidelines followed for determining the limits for each element; the limits established in this guide are based upon these guidelines.
5. General Guidelines Used for Determining Composition Limits
5.1 Table 1 gives typical chemical composition limits for respective elements.
6. Harmonized Standard Grade Wrought Carbon, Low-Alloy, and Alloy Steel Compositions
6.1 The harmonized composition limits are given in Tables 2-17, grouped by metallurgical classification. Within all tables,
grades are listed in numerical order.
6.2 Unless adopted by the appropriate product subcommittee in an ASTM standard, the compositions described in this guide
shall not be used for specifying an ASTM product.
6.3 Criteria for the addition of grades to the grade lists in this guide are as follows: (1) New grades will be considered based
upon the grade meeting a standard grade designation and chemistry; (2) New grades shall have an annual production or
consumption of 250 tons (225 Mg); (3) New grades shall have the sponsorship of at least two individual users or producers.
7. Keywords
7.1 alloy steels; carbon steels; harmonized carbon, low-alloy, and alloy steel compositions; low-alloy steels
TABLE 1 Expression of Chemical Composition Limits
Chemical Element Chemical Composition Limit
C, Cr, Cu, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Si Two decimal places (0.xx % ) or (1.xx %)
Al, Ca, N, Nb (Cb), P, S, Sn, Ti, V Three decimal places (0.xxx %)
B Four decimal places (0.xxxx %)
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TABLE 2 Chemical Composition for Nonresulfurized Carbon Steels
A,B,C
Composition, %
Grade P max S max P max S max
C Mn
Long Product Flat Product
1001 0.01 max 0.35 max 0.030 0.035
1002 0.02 max 0.35 max 0.030 0.035
1003 0.04 max 0.35 max 0.030 0.035
1004 0.02/0.06 0.35 max 0.030 0.035
1005 0.06 max 0.35 max 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
B
1006 0.02/0.08 0.45 max 0.030 0.035
D
1006 0.08 max 0.25-0.45 0.040 0.050
E
1006 0.08 max 0.45 max 0.030 0.035
1007 0.02/0.10 0.50 max 0.030 0.035
D
1008 0.10 max 0.30-0.50 0.040 0.050
E
1008 0.10 max 0.50 max 0.030 0.035
1009 0.15 max 0.60 max 0.030 0.035
1010 0.08-0.13 0.30-0.60 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1011 0.08-0.13 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050
1012 0.10-0.15 0.30-0.60 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
D, F
1013 0.11-0.16 0.50-0.80 0.040 0.050
E
1013 0.11-0.16 0.30-0.60 0.030 0.035
1015 0.13-0.18 0.30-0.60 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1016 0.13-0.18 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1017 0.15-0.20 0.30-0.60 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1018 0.15-0.20 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1019 0.15-0.20 0.70-1.00 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1020 0.18-0.23 0.30-0.60 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1021 0.18-0.23 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1022 0.18-0.23 0.70-1.00 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1023 0.20-0.25 0.30-0.60 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1024 0.18-0.25 1.30-1.65 0.035 0.035
1025 0.22-0.28 0.30-0.60 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1026 0.22-0.28 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1027 0.22-0.29 1.20-1.55 0.035 0.035
1029 0.25-0.31 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050
1030 0.28-0.34 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1033 0.30-0.36 0.70-1.00 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1034 0.32-0.38 0.50-0.80 0.040 0.050
1035 0.32-0.38 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1037 0.32-0.38 0.70-1.00 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1038 0.35-0.42 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1039 0.37-0.44 0.70-1.00 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1040 0.37-0.44 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1042 0.40-0.47 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1043 0.40-0.47 0.70-1.00 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1044 0.43-0.50 0.30-0.60 0.040 0.050
1045 0.43-0.50 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1046 0.43-0.50 0.70-1.00 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1049 0.46-0.53 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1050 0.48-0.55 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1053 0.48-0.55 0.70-1.00 0.040 0.050
1055 0.50-0.60 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1059 0.55-0.65 0.50-0.80 0.040 0.050
1060 0.55-0.65 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1064 0.60-0.70 0.50-0.80 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1065 0.60-0.70 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1069 0.65-0.75 0.40-0.70 0.040 0.050
1070 0.65-0.75 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
G
1070m 0.65-0.75 0.80-1.10 0.025 0.025
1071 0.65-0.70 0.75-1.05 0.040 0.050
1074 0.70-0.80 0.50-0.80 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1075 0.70-0.80 0.40-0.70 0.040 0.050
1078 0.72-0.85 0.30-0.60 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1080 0.75-0.88 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1084 0.80-0.93 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1085 0.80-0.93 0.70-1.00 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1086 0.80-0.93 0.30-0.50 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
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TABLE 2 Continued
A,B,C
Composition, %
Grade P max S max P max S max
C Mn
Long Product Flat Product
1090 0.85-0.98 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1095 0.90-1.03 0.30-0.50 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
A
Where silicon is required, the following ranges and limits are commonly specified: 0.10 % maximum, 0.10 % to 0.20 %, 0.15 % to 0.35 %, 0.15 % to 0.40 %, 0.20 % to
0.40 %, or 0.30 % to 0.60 %.
B
If required, copper can be specified as 0.20 % minimum.
C
Where boron treatment for killed steel is specified for enhanced hardenability, titanium is generally added to shield the boron from oxidation. Boron levels between
0.0005 % and 0.0030 % can be expected for this practice. If the usual titanium addition is not permitted, the steel may contain up to 0.0050 % boron for enhanced
hardenability.
D
Long product.
E
Flat product.
F
SAE J1013 has chemical limits for manganese of 0.30-0.60 %.
G
1070m has chemical limits for silicon, 0.15-0.35 %; chromium, 0.20 % maximum; nickel, 0.25 % maximum; and molybdenum, 0.10 % maximum.
TABLE 3 Chemical Composition for Resulfurized Steels
A,B
Composition, %
Grade
C Mn P max S max
1108 0.08-0.13 0.60-0.80 0.040 0.08-0.13
1109 0.08-0.13 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.08-0.13
1110 0.08-0.13 0.30-0.60 0.040 0.08-0.13
1115 0.13-0.20 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.08-0.13
1116 0.14-0.20 1.10-1.40 0.040 0.16-0.23
1117 0.14-0.20 1.00-1.30 0.040 0.08-0.13
1118 0.14-0.20 1.30-1.60 0.040 0.08-0.13
1119 0.14-0.20 1.00-1.30 0.040 0.24-0.33
1132 0.27-0.32 1.35-1.65 0.040 0.08-0.13
1137 0.32-0.39 1.35-1.65 0.040 0.08-0.13
1139 0.35-0.43 1.35-1.65 0.040 0.13-0.20
1140 0.37-0.44 0.70-1.00 0.040 0.08-0.13
1141 0.37-0.45 1.35-1.65 0.040 0.08-0.13
1144 0.40-0.48 1.35-1.65 0.040 0.24-0.33
1145 0.42-0.49 0.70-1.00 0.040 0.04-0.07
1146 0.42-0.49 0.70-1.00 0.040 0.08-0.13
1151 0.48-0.55 0.70-1.00 0.040 0.08-0.13
A
It is not common practice to produce these steels to specified limits for silicon because of its adverse effect on machinability.
B
Where silicon is required, the following ranges and limits are commonly specified: 0.10 % maximum, 0.10 % to 0.20 %, 0.15 % to 0.35 %, 0.20 % to 0.40 %, or 0.30 %
to 0.60 %.
TABLE 4 Chemical Composition for Rephosphorized and Resulfurized Carbon Steels
A,B
Composition, %
Grade
C Mn P S
1211 0.13 max 0.60-0.90 0.07-0.12 0.10-0.15
1212 0.13 max 0.70-1.00 0.07-0.12 0.16-0.23
1213 0.13 max 0.70-1.00 0.07-0.12 0.24-0.33
1215 0.09 max 0.75-1.05 0.04-0.09 0.26-0.35
A
It is not common practice to produce these steels to specified limits for silicon because of its adverse effect on machinability.
B
Where silicon is required, the following ranges and limits are commonly specified: 0.10 % maximum, 0.10 % to 0.20 %, 0.15 % to 0.35 %, 0.20 % to 0.40 %, or 0.30 %
to 0.60 %.
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TABLE 5 Chemical Composition for High-Manganese Carbon Steels
A,B,C
Composition, %
Grade P max S max P max S max
C Mn
Long Product Flat Product
1513 0.10-0.16 1.10-1.40 0.040 0.050
1518 0.15-0.21 1.10-1.40 0.040 0.050
1522 0.18-0.24 1.10-1.40 0.040 0.050
1524 0.19-0.25 1.35-1.65 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1525 0.23-0.29 0.80-1.10 0.040 0.050
1526 0.22-0.29 1.10-1.40 0.040 0.050
1527 0.22-0.29 1.20-1.50 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1536 0.30-0.37 1.20-1.50 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1541 0.36-0.44 1.35-1.65 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1547 0.43-0.51 1.35-1.65 0.040 0.050
1548 0.44-0.52 1.10-1.40 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1551 0.45-0.56 0.85-1.15 0.040 0.050
1552 0.47-0.55 1.20-1.50 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035
1561 0.55-0.65 0.75-1.05 0.040 0.050
1566 0.60-0.71 0.85-1.15 0.040 0.050
1572 0.65-0.76 1.00-1.30 0.040 0.050
A
Where silicon is required, the following ranges and limits are commonly specified: 0.10 % maximum, 0.10 % to 0.20 %, 0.15 % to 0.35 %, 0.20 % to 0.40 %, or 0.30 %
to 0.60 %.
B
If required, copper can be specified as 0.20 % minimum.
C
If lead is required as an added element to a standard steel, a range of 0.15 % to 0.35 % inclusive is specified. Such a steel is identified by inserting the letter “L” between
the second and third numerals of the grade designation, for example, 15L25. A heat analysis is not determinable where lead is added to the ladle stream.
TABLE 6 Chemical Composition for Carbon Steels with Hardenability Requirements
Composition, %
Grade
C Mn P max S max Si
1038H 0.34-0.43 0.50-1.00 0.040 0.050 0.15-0.30
1045H 0.42-0.51 0.50-1.00 0.04
...