ASTM D2041-03
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Theoretical Maximum Specific Gravity and Density of Bituminous Paving Mixtures
Standard Test Method for Theoretical Maximum Specific Gravity and Density of Bituminous Paving Mixtures
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the theoretical maximum specific gravity and density of uncompacted bituminous paving mixtures at 25°C (77°F).
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D 2041 – 03
Standard Test Method for
Theoretical Maximum Specific Gravity and Density of
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Bituminous Paving Mixtures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2041; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3.2.2 residual pressure, as employed by this test method—
the pressure in a vacuum vessel when vacuum is applied.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the theo-
3.2.3 specific gravity, as determined by this test method—
retical maximum specific gravity and density of uncompacted
the ratio of a given mass of material at 25°C (77°F) to the mass
bituminous paving mixtures at 25°C (77°F).
of an equal volume of water at the same temperature.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
4. Summary of Test Method
only.
4.1 A weighed sample of oven-dry paving mixture in the
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
loose condition is placed in a tared vacuum vessel. Sufficient
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
water at a temperature of 25°C (77°F) is added to completely
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
submerge the sample. Vacuum is gradually applied to reduce
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
the residual pressure in the vacuum vessel to 4 kPa (30 mm of
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Hg) or less and then held for 15 6 2 min. At the end of the
2. Referenced Documents vacuum period, the vacuum is gradually released. The volume
of the sample of paving mixture is obtained by immersing the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
vacuum container with the sample in a water bath and
C 670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
2
weighing or by filling the vacuum container level full of water
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
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and weighing in air. Both the temperature and mass are
D 979 Practice for Sampling Bituminous Paving Mixtures
measured at this time. From these mass and volume measure-
D 4753 Guide for Evaluating, Selecting, and Specifying
ments, the specific gravity or density at 25°C is calculated.
Balances and Scales for Use in Soil, Rock, and Construc-
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tion Materials Testing
5. Significance and Use
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E 1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers
5.1 The theoretical maximum specific gravities and densi-
E 12 Terminology Relating to Density and Specific Gravity
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ties of bituminous paving mixtures are fundamental properties
of Solids, Liquids, and Gases
whose values are influenced by the composition of the mixture
3. Terminology in terms of types and amounts of aggregates and bituminous
materials.
3.1 The terms “specific gravity” and “density” used in this
5.1.1 Maximum specific gravity is used (1) in the calcula-
test method are in accordance with Terminology E 12.
tion of air voids in the compacted bituminous paving mixture,
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
(2) in calculating the amount of bitumen absorbed by the
3.2.1 density, as determined by this test method—the mass
aggregate, and (3) to provide target values for the compaction
of a cubic metre of the material at 25°C (77°F) in SI units.
of paving mixtures.
1 6. Apparatus
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.21 on
6.1 Containers:
Specific Gravity and Density of Bituminous Mixtures.
6.1.1 Vacuum Bowls—Either a metal or plastic bowl with a
Current edition approved July 10, 2003. Published September 2003. Originally
diameter of approximately 180 to 260 mm (7 to 10.25 in.) and
approved in 1964. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D 2041 – 00.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02.
a bowl height of at least 160 mm (6.3 in.) shall be equipped
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.03.
with a transparent cover fitted with a rubber gasket and a
4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.08.
5 connection for the vacuum line. Both the bowl and cover
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.03.
6
should be sufficiently stiff to withstand the applied vacuum
Discontinued, replaced by Terminology E 1547. See 1995 Annual Book of
ASTM Standards, Vol 15.05.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or disco
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