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ASTM D4144-94(1999)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Estimating Package Stability of Coatings for Ultraviolet Curing

Standard Test Method for Estimating Package Stability of Coatings for Ultraviolet Curing

SCOPE
1.1 This method covers procedures for testing the package stability of coatings intended to be cured by ultraviolet radiation. One procedure is given for clear coatings and another for opaque fillers.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-May-1999
ICS
87.040 - Paints and varnishes
Technical Committee
D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
Drafting Committee
D01.52 - Factory Coated Wood Products
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM D4144-94(2005) - Standard Test Method for Estimating Package Stability of Coatings for Ultraviolet Curing
Effective Date
15-May-2005

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ASTM D4144-94(1999) - Standard Test Method for Estimating Package Stability of Coatings for Ultraviolet CuringASTM D4144-94(1999) - Standard Test Method for Estimating Package Stability of Coatings for Ultraviolet Curing
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ASTM D4144-94(1999) - Standard Test Method for Estimating Package Stability of Coatings for Ultraviolet Curing
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D4144–94(Reapproved1999)
Standard Test Method for
Estimating Package Stability of Coatings for Ultraviolet
Curing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4144; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope correlation of performance at two different temperatures is
possible only with a given formulation and, therefore, is useful
1.1 This method covers procedures for testing the package
only for quality control.
stability of coatings intended to be cured by ultraviolet
radiation. One procedure is given for clear coatings and
4. Apparatus
another for opaque fillers.
4.1 Oven, maintained at 50 6 2°C.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
4.2 Glass Jars, wide-mouth, 4-oz (115-mL), with 38-mm
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
closures.
information only.
4.3 Cans, lined, 4-oz (115-mL), friction top, with lids.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.4 Spheres, glass or porcelain, 7 to 10-mm diameter.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5. Procedure
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5.1 Clear Coatings:
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5.1.1 Fill three 4-oz (115-mL) wide-mouth jars to ⁄4 in. (6
2. Summary of Method mm) from the top. Add a small glass or porcelain sphere to
each container and put the lids on tightly.
2.1 Specimens are placed in several containers, some of
5.1.1.1 The amount of head space in a jar or can is critical
which are subjected to an elevated temperature while others are
because the volume of air in contact with the sample has an
stored at room temperature.At specified intervals a specimen is
effect on the rate of polymerization.The stability is also related
checked for evidence of gelling. Clear materials are held in
to the ratio of the area of liquid-air interface to the volume of
glass containers so they can be examined visually without
liquid.
opening to prevent contact with air which might inhibit
5.1.2 Put two jars in an oven at 50 6 2°C. Retain the third
polymerization. Opaque materials are checked by opening one
at a temperature, 25 6 2°C, and in the dark.
can, probing the contents with a spatula to determine the extent
5.1.3 Check an oven jar daily but do not open or invert.
of any polymerization, and then discarding that specimen.
Rather, tip slightly, no more than 30°, to determine the extent
3. Significance and Use of polymerization by noting the mobility of the sphere. When
gelling is noticed, check the second jar to confirm.
3.1 Coatings intended to be cured by ultraviolet radiation,
5.1.4 Record the duration of the test in days. Indicate the
especially those involving free radical chemistry, tend to
last day the sphere is mobile followed by the first day it is
polymerize during storage. It is of interest to determine how
immobile, and if the days are not consecutive, why the interval
well a formulation resists this effect. Many factors influence
occurred.
the storage stability of a composition. The procedures de-
5.1.5 Check the jar stored at room temperature every week
scribed here are intended to improve the precision of deter-
but do not open or invert. Tip slightly, no more than 30°, to
mining this property. Because the effects of resins, monomers,
determine if the sphere is immobile.
photoinitiators, synergists, stabilizers, or pigments can alter the
5.1.6 Record the number of weeks not gelled followed by
relation between elevated and room temperature stabilities, any
the first week the sphere is immobile.
5.2 Pigmented (Opaqu
...

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5.1 Latex paints dry very quickly which often causes difficulty in final appearance of painted areas, especially paints formulated below 100g/L VOC where lower amounts of solvents are in the formulated latex paint. This method is a means of determining the time available before a test paint cannot be worked into a previously painted area.
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1.1 This test method covers a procedure to determine the length of time a latex paint remains “wet” or “open” enough to allow for brush-in and repair.  
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5.1 Coatings attached to substrates are subjected to damaging impacts during the manufacture of articles and their use in service. In its use over many years, this test method for impact resistance has been found to be useful in predicting the performance of organic coatings for their ability to resist cracking caused by impacts.
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1.1 This test method covers a procedure for rapidly deforming by impact a coating film and its substrate and for evaluating the effect of such deformation.  
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