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ASTM D2091-96(2024)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Print Resistance of Lacquers

Standard Test Method for Print Resistance of Lacquers

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 An unsatisfactory appearance can result from pressure deformation of a film inherently too soft or containing residual solvent. This test method is primarily used to evaluate the resistance of a lacquer finish to printing under the conditions of packaging, shipping, and warehousing.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the resistance of dried lacquer films to imprinting.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Jan-2024
ICS
87.040 - Paints and varnishes
Technical Committee
D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
Drafting Committee
D01.52 - Factory Coated Wood Products
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D2091-96(2017) - Standard Test Method for Print Resistance of Lacquers
Effective Date
01-Feb-2024
Refers
ASTM D5235-18(2024) - Standard Test Method for Microscopic Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Coatings on Wood Products
Effective Date
01-Feb-2024
Refers
ASTM D5235-18 - Standard Test Method for Microscopic Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Coatings on Wood Products
Effective Date
15-Jan-2018
Referred By
ASTM D333-01(2021) - Standard Guide for Clear and Pigmented Lacquers
Effective Date
01-Feb-2024
Referred By
ASTM D3322-23 - Standard Practice for Testing Primers and Primer Surfacers Over Preformed Metal
Effective Date
01-Feb-2024
Referred By
ASTM D3451-06(2017) - Standard Guide for Testing Coating Powders and Powder Coatings
Effective Date
01-Feb-2024
Referred By
ASTM D2793-99(2024) - Standard Test Method for Block Resistance of Organic Coatings on Wood Panel Substrates
Effective Date
01-Feb-2024
Referred By
ASTM D2064-24 - Standard Test Method for Print Resistance of Architectural Paints
Effective Date
01-Feb-2024

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ASTM D2091-96(2024) - Standard Test Method for Print Resistance of LacquersASTM D2091-96(2024) - Standard Test Method for Print Resistance of Lacquers
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ASTM D2091-96(2024) - Standard Test Method for Print Resistance of Lacquers
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D2091 − 96 (Reapproved 2024)
Standard Test Method for
Print Resistance of Lacquers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2091; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope D5235 Test Method for Microscopic Measurement of Dry
Film Thickness of Coatings on Wood Products
1.1 This test method covers the resistance of dried lacquer
2.2 U.S. Federal Specifications:
films to imprinting.
CCC-C-419(f) Cloth, Duck, Cotton, Unbleached, Plied
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
CCC-C-440(e) Cloth, Cheesecloth, Bleached and Un-
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
bleached
only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3. Summary of Test Method
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1 A weight presses a piece of fabric against the test
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
surface. The surface is then examined and changes in appear-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
ance of the test surface are reported.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
4. Significance and Use
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
4.1 An unsatisfactory appearance can result from pressure
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
deformation of a film inherently too soft or containing residual
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
solvent. This test method is primarily used to evaluate the
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
resistance of a lacquer finish to printing under the conditions of
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
packaging, shipping, and warehousing.
2. Referenced Documents
5. Apparatus and Materials
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1 Test Panels—A plane surface consisting of wood, metal,
D823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness
paper supported on plate glass, plastic, or other surface with an
of Paint, Coatings and Related Products on Test Panels
area at least 100 % greater than the base of the weight. The
D1005 Test Method for Measurement of Dry-Film Thick-
planeness, smoothness, and composition should be agreed
ness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers
upon by the purchaser and the seller.
D1186 Test Methods for Nondestructive Measurement of
Dry Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to
5.2 Imprinting Fabric, 8 oz Army duck, Type III, conform-
a Ferrous Base (Withdrawn 2006)
ing to Fed. Spec. CCC-C-419(f) or cheesecloth, Type I,
D1400 Test Method for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry
conforming to Federal Specification CCC-C-440(e).
Film Thickness of Nonconductive Coatings Applied to a
3 NOTE 1—With the cheesecloth only, use a pad of nonwoven felt cloth
Nonferrous Metal Base (Withdrawn 2006)
2 2
at least 1.3 mm (0.05 in.) thick, weighing 0.24 kg/m (7 oz/yd ) and larger
than the plane end of the weight.
5.3 Weights, consisting of metal cylinders cut from standard
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
stock 51 mm (2 in.) in diameter, with plane ends perpendicular
and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
to the axis, and of a length to give a pressure of 3.5 kPa or 7.0
Subcommittee D01.52 on Factory Coated Wood Products.
2 2
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2024. Published February 2024. Originally
kPa ( ⁄2 lb ⁄in. or 1 lb/in. ).
approved in 1962. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as D2091 – 96 (2017).
5.4 Automatic Application Equipment, (Optional), as de-
DOI: 10.1520/D2091-96R24.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
scribed in Pract
...

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SCOPE
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FIG. 1 Alignment of Panels for Scrubbing
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers an accelerated procedure for determining the resistance of paints to erosion caused by scrubbing. (Note: The term wet abrasion is sometimes used for scrubbing, and wet abrasion resistance or scrubbability for scrub resistance.) Although scrub resistance tests are intended primarily for interior coatings, they are sometimes used with exterior coatings as an additional measure of film performance.  
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5.1 By following this test method, the particle size, particle size distribution and particle shape of particulates in liquid paint and pigment dispersions can be measured.  
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of particle size distribution of liquid paints and pigmented liquid coatings by Dynamic Image Analysis. This method includes the reporting of particles ≥1 µm in size and up to 300 µm in size.
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5.1 Coatings attached to substrates are subjected to damaging impacts during the manufacture of articles and their use in service. In its use over many years, this test method for impact resistance has been found to be useful in predicting the performance of organic coatings for their ability to resist cracking caused by impacts.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for rapidly deforming by impact a coating film and its substrate and for evaluating the effect of such deformation.  
1.2 This test method should be restricted to testing in only one laboratory when numerical values are used because of the poor reproducibility of the method. Interlaboratory agreement is improved when ranking is used in place of numerical values.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
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ASTM D16-24(Terminology)
Standard Terminology for Paint, Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications

SCOPE
1.1 This standard consists of technical terms used in standards under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 (on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications), and of definitions suitable for use in these standards.
Note 1: When any definition in this standards is quoted or published out of the context of this standard, editorially insert the following delimiting statement “for paints and related coatings, materials, and applications” after the dash following the term (in the absence of an existing delimiting statement). This will limit the filed of application of the term and definition to that approved by this committee.  
1.2 In this terminology standard, definitions used in other ASTM standards are indicated by following the definition with the designation of that standard. In some cases, a relevant D01 subcommittee is also listed. Definitions influenced by those used by other organizations are indicated by the acronym of the organization. Primary terms are given in bold, while narrower and unapproved terms are given in italics.  
1.3 There are several specialized terminology standards under the jurisdiction of Committee D01, as follows: D804, D1695, D6440, D6488, and D7188. Few definitions from those standards are included in Terminology D16. Therefore, in searches for definitions of paints and coatings terms, these standards should be included where appropriate.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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