ASTM C1265-94(2011)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determining the Tensile Properties of an Insulating Glass Edge Seal for Structural Glazing Applications
Standard Test Method for Determining the Tensile Properties of an Insulating Glass Edge Seal for Structural Glazing Applications
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Frequently IG units are adhered with a structural sealant to a metal framing system. In such applications, only the inward lite of glass is usually adhered to the frame. As a result, a significant portion of any outward-acting or negative wind load must be carried in tension by the joint seal between the two lites of the IG unit. This test will not provide information on the integrity of the IG unit primary seal; however, it may provide data on load sharing between the primary IG vapor seal and the secondary structural sealant.
Although this test method prescribes one environmental condition, other environmental conditions and exposure cycles can be employed for specific project evaluation. Such deviations should be described when reporting the data.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a laboratory procedure for quantitatively measuring the tensile strength, stiffness, and adhesion properties of insulating glass edge seals that are used in structural sealant glazing applications. Edge seals for these applications use a structural sealant to bond both glass lites and the edge spacer into a monolithic sealed insulating glass unit. In typical applications, the structural sealant acts to hold the outside lite in place under wind and gravity load and to maintain the edge spacer in its proper position. Hereafter, the term “insulating glass” will be abbreviated as “IG.”
1.2 The characterization of the IG secondary sealant properties, as defined by this test method, are strongly dependent on glass and edge spacer cleaning procedures, IG spacer profile, location of spacer, and primary IG sealant application. Users of this test method must recognize that the IG edge seal assembly influences the secondary sealant properties.
1.3 The values determined by this test method will be characteristic of the particular edge seal assembly that is tested.
Note 1—Presently, only elastomeric, chemically curing silicone sealants specifically formulated for use as the secondary seal of IG units are recognized as having the necessary durability for use in structural sealant glazing applications.
1.4 The values stated in SI (metric) units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound values given in parentheses are approximate equivalents, provided for information purposes.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C1265 − 94 (Reapproved 2011)
Standard Test Method for
Determining the Tensile Properties of an Insulating Glass
Edge Seal for Structural Glazing Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1265; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This test method covers a laboratory procedure for 2.1 ASTM Standards:
quantitatively measuring the tensile strength, stiffness, and C717 Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants
adhesion properties of insulating glass edge seals that are used
3. Terminology
in structural sealant glazing applications. Edge seals for these
applicationsuseastructuralsealanttobondbothglasslitesand
3.1 Definitions—Refer to Terminology C717 for definitions
the edge spacer into a monolithic sealed insulating glass unit.
of the following terms used in this test method: adhesive
In typical applications, the structural sealant acts to hold the
failure, cohesive failure, elastomeric, glazing, lite, primer, seal,
outside lite in place under wind and gravity load and to sealant, silicone sealant, structural sealant, substrate.
maintain the edge spacer in its proper position. Hereafter, the
4. Summary of Test Method
term “insulating glass” will be abbreviated as “IG.”
4.1 Five specimens are fabricated to duplicate the edge seal
1.2 The characterization of the IG secondary sealant
design of an IG unit for structural glazing applications. After
properties, as defined by this test method, are strongly depen-
the secondary structural sealant is cured the specimens are
dent on glass and edge spacer cleaning procedures, IG spacer
tested to failure in tension. Testing is conducted at 23 6 2°C
profile, location of spacer, and primary IG sealant application.
(74 6 3.6°F) at a rate of 5 6 0.5 mm (0.2 6 0.02 in.) per
Users of this test method must recognize that the IG edge seal
minute. Strength, load-displacement response, failure mode,
assembly influences the secondary sealant properties.
and primary IG edge seal behavior are recorded.
1.3 The values determined by this test method will be
characteristicoftheparticularedgesealassemblythatistested.
5. Significance and Use
NOTE 1—Presently, only elastomeric, chemically curing silicone seal-
5.1 Frequently IG units are adhered with a structural sealant
ants specifically formulated for use as the secondary seal of IG units are
to a metal framing system. In such applications, only the
recognized as having the necessary durability for use in structural sealant
inward lite of glass is usually adhered to the frame.As a result,
glazing applications.
a significant portion of any outward-acting or negative wind
1.4 The values stated in SI (metric) units are to be regarded
load must be carried in tension by the joint seal between the
asthestandard.Theinch-poundvaluesgiveninparenthesesare
two lites of the IG unit. This test will not provide information
approximate equivalents, provided for information purposes.
on the integrity of the IG unit primary seal; however, it may
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
providedataonloadsharingbetweentheprimaryIGvaporseal
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the and the secondary structural sealant.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5.2 Although this test method prescribes one environmental
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
condition, other environmental conditions and exposure cycles
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
can be employed for specific project evaluation. Such devia-
tions should be described when reporting the data.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee of C24 on
Building Seals and SealantsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommittee C24.30
on Adhesion. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2011. Published December 2011. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
ε1
approved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as C1265-94(2005) . Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/C1265-94R11. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C1265 − 94 (2011)
6. Apparatus and Accessory Materials 6.3 Caulking Gun, for extruding sealant from cartridges
when applicable.
6.1 Tensile Testing Machine, capable of producing a tensile
load on the specimen at a rate of 5.06 0.5 mm (0.20 6 0.02 6.4 Glass Substrates, of the same type(s) as used in the joint
in.) per minute.The machine shall be capable of measuring the design being evaluated.
load to 64N(61 lb). See Fig. 1.
NOTE 2—This test method is based on glass substrates of 6.3 by 25 by
6.1.1 Fixed Member—A fixed or essentially stationary
76 mm (0.25 by 1.0 by 3.0 in.) in size. Other thicknesses may be tested;
member carrying a grip.
however, consideration should be given to preventing breakage or
excessive bending of the glass during testing.
6.1.2 Movable Member—A movable member carrying a
NOTE 3—The sample tested should reflect the actual IG unit edge
second grip.
construction; that is, glass with sensitive coatings should be tested as they
6.1.3 Grips—The grips should be suitable to firmly grasp
are used. If a coating is edge-deleted in practice, it should be edge-deleted
the test fixture that holds the test specimen and should be
for the test.
designed to minimize eccentric specimen loading. Specimen
6.5 Edge Spacer—The spacer should be identical in
loading should be perpendicular to both glass substrates. A
material, cross section, and surface finish to the spacer to be
swivel or universal joint near one or both ends of the test
used in the IG edge seal design being evaluated.
specimen may be helpful for alignment purposes.
6.6 Primary Sealant—This sealant or sealant tape, that is
6.1.4 Grip Fixture—A fixture capable of being held by the
non-structural, provides a vapor seal for the IG unit. Its
grips and furnishing a tensile force to the joint specimen.
presence and configuration affects the geometry and behavior
6.2 Spatulas, for use in applying sealant.
of many structural IG edge seal designs; therefore, it should be
included as part of the specimen.
6.7 Assembly Spacer(s)—Spacer(s) or end blocks, or both,
made from TFE-fluorocarbon or other suitable non-bonding
material are used to maintain the proper specimen dimensions
duringspecimenassembly.Becausedetailsofspecimenstested
bythistestmethodwillvary,itisnotpossibletodefineasingle
spacer or end block shape.
6.8 Glass Substrate Cleaning Materials:
6.8.1 Primary—Materials common to industry practice for
the IG unit being evaluated.
6.8.2 Alternate—Clean, dry, lint-free cloths. A 0.1 % solu-
tion of clear hand dishwashing detergent. The solution should
be made up in distilled or deionized water.
6.9 Edge Spacer Cleaning Materials:
6.9.1 Primary—Materials common to industry practice of
the IG unit being evaluated.
6.9.2 Alternate—Clean, dry, lint-free cloths. Isopropyl alco-
hol (99 %).
7. Test Specimen Assembly
7.1 Assembly:
7.1.1 Glass Cleaning Procedure:
7.1.1.1 Prior to assembly, clean the glass using the methods
recommended by the manufacturer of the IG unit being
evaluated.
7.1.1.2 When no manufacturer’s cleaning guidelines are
available, wipe substrates with a clean, dry, lint-free cloth, then
thoroughly clean with a second clean, lint-free cloth and 0.1 %
solutionofaclearhanddishwashingdetergent, asdescribedin
6.8. Rinse the surfaces (without touching them) in distilled or
deionized water and allow to air dry.
7.1.2 Edge Spacer Cleaning Procedure:
7.1.2.1 Prior to assembly, clean the edge spacer using the
methods used by the manufacturer of the IG unit being
evaluated.
Dawn, made by Proctor and Gamble Co., P.O. Box 599, Cincinnati, OH 54201,
and Palmolive Green, made by Colgate Palmolive Co., 300-T Park Avenue, New
FIG. 1 Suggested Assembly Method York, NY 10022, have been found suitable for this purpose.
C1265 − 94 (2011)
7.1.2.2 When no manufacturer’s cleaning guidelines are sealants) at 23 6 2°C (73 6 4°F) and 50 6 6 % relative
available, wipe substrates with a clean, dry, lint-free cloth, then humidity. List any deviations in curing conditions in the report.
thoroughly clean with a second clean, lint-free cloth and 7.3.2 Remove all assembly spacer sections, but not the IG
diisopropyl alcohol (99 %) and allow to air dry. edge spacer. If assembly spacers are removed prior to the cure
7.1.3 Construct the test specimen assemblies by forming a time given in 7.3.1, note this in the report.
sealant cavity 50 mm (2.0 in.) long, with a cavity width and
8. Procedure
depth as dictated by the joint design being evaluated. (See Fig.
8.1 Testing
2). Care should be taken to ensure that assembly of the
8.1.1 Measure and record to the nearest 0.5 mm (0.02 in.)
substrate panels, IG joint spacer, and primary IG joint seal are
the actual minimum length (dimension L), minimum bond
representative of the actual joint design.
width (dimension W) and minimum IG spacer setback (dimen-
7.2 Sample Preparation:
sion S), as shown in Fig. 2.
7.2.1 Prepareaminimumoffivespecimensforeachsealant,
8.1.2 All specimens are pulled on the tensile test machine at
substrate, and geometry combination being tested, as shown in
23 6 2°C (73 6 4°F) and 50 6 6 % relative humidity. Test
Fig. 2.
speed shall be 5 6 0.5 mm (0.2 6 0.02 in.) per minute. The
NOTE 4—Five test specimen assemblies should be prepared for each
orientation of the specimen in the test grips is shown in Fig. 3.
additional environmental condition being evaluated.
8.1.3 Record tensile load, in Newtons (lbs) versus elonga-
7.2.2 Each specimen in each set should be individually
tion percent by a continuous plot or at 0.5 mm (0.02 in.)
identified.
intervals to an elongation of 10 %. Also record the load at
7.2.3 Fig. 1 shows a suggested approach to assembly of the
elongations of 25, 50, and 100 %. Record the initial load peak
twopiecesofglass,theIGedgespacer,andthetwoprimaryIG
at failure of the primary IG seal (see Fig. 3). Record the
edge seals prior to application of the secondary structural
elongationwhenmaximumloadisfirstreachedandthehighest
sealant. Special care must be given to accurate placement of all
value of elongation achieved at maximum load, if some
assembly components. Also, it is important that the final
yielding of the maximum load is evident.
configuration(thickness,width,andposition)oftheprimaryIG
8.1.4 Record the nature of the failure, whether cohesive or
edge seal match that seen in the actual joint design being
adhesive, or what percentage is cohesive.
evaluated. See Appendix X1 for a discussion of assembly
8.2 Observations:
procedures that have been found suitable.
8.2.1 If possible, observe and record the elongation causing
7.2.4 Fill each assembly with the secondary structural
failure of the IG primary seal. This may be taken as the
sealant that is to be tested. Immediately tool the sealant surface
elongation corresponding to the initial load peak due to the
to ensure complete filling of the cavity and wetting of the
primary IG seal failure if such a peak is evident.
substrate surfaces. Take special care to strike off the sealant
8.2.2 Observe the specimens and record any obvious air
flush with the glass edges.
bubbles trapped in the sealant during the preparation of the test
7.3 Conditioning:
specimens.
7.3.1 The structural sealant manufacturer’s recommended
9. Calculation
curing conditions and time should be followed. In the absence
of specific manufacturer’s recommendations, cure the speci- 9.1 Calculate the force per unit length or joint (R), in N/mm
mens for 21 days (one part sealants) or seven days (two part (lbs/in.):
FIG. 2 Test Specimen
C1265 − 94 (2011)
Specimen Name: Date Made:
Structural Sealant: Date Tested:
Primary Sealant:
Glass Type: Curing Conditions:
IG Spacer—Type:
Width, W: Test Conditions:
Setback, S;
Specimen 1 2 3 4 5
Actual Width, W
Actual Setback, S
Actual Length, L
Test Load 10%
at Various 25%
Elongations: 50%
100%
Max. Test Load:
Elongation at Max. Load:
FIG. 3 Typical Load Versus Elongation Plot
Primary Seal Load:
Failure,
Elongation:
Sketch of Specimen Cross-Section: Substrate Cleaning Procedure:
Rs 5 T/Ls 5 setback (1)
(Include a detailed sketch,
tracing, or ink pad impression of
where:
the spacer cross-section.)
T = the applied tensile force and L is the dimension L in Fig. Observations:
2.
9.2 Calculate the nominal elastic stiffness of the joint per
FIG. 4 Suggested Format for Test Data
unit length in N/mm/mm (lbs/in./in.) at the 10 % elongation
level by the approximation (see Fig. 3):
11.1.1 I(r)—The repeatability (within a given laboratory)
K T
10% 5 10%/~0.1*L*W! (2)
interval for 1 material tested by five laboratories is 17.630 psi.
In future use of this test method, the difference between two
where:
T test results obtained in the same laboratory on the same
10% = the measured or estimated force at 10 %
material will be expected to exceed 17.630 psi only about 5 %
elongation,
of the time.
L = length of bond, and
11.1.2 I(R)—The reproducibility (between given laborato-
W = the width between inside faces of the substrate
ries) interval for one material tested by five laboratories is
panels.
40.562 psi. In future use of this test method, the difference
between two test results obtained in a different laboratory on
10. Report
the same material will be expected to exceed 40.562 psi only
10.1 Report the following information:
about 5 % of the time.
10.1.1 The test data and observations are to be reported on
11.2 Test Method for Edge Seal Strength ⁄4 in. (6 mm)
the form shown in Fig. 4 or similar.
Setback, 25 % Elongation at Test Load:
10.1.2 Provide a scale sketch of the specimen cross section,
11.2.1 I(r)—The repeatability (within a given laboratory)
showing details of IG edge spacer and primary seal placement
interval for one material tested by five laboratories is 23.308
and the setback of the spacer.
psi. In future use of this test method, the difference between
10.1.3 Report the substrate cleaning procedure.Also, report
two test results obtained in the same laboratory on the same
if the spacers were removed prior to the end of the cure period,
material will be expected to exceed 23.308 psi only about 5 %
if the curing conditi
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.