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ASTM D3268-91(2018)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Separation and Collection of Particulate and Gaseous Fluorides in the Atmosphere (Sodium Bicarbonate-Coated Glass Tube and Particulate Filter Method)

Standard Test Method for Separation and Collection of Particulate and Gaseous Fluorides in the Atmosphere (Sodium Bicarbonate-Coated Glass Tube and Particulate Filter Method)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The sodium bicarbonate coated tube filter method provides a means of separating and collecting atmospheric gaseous fluoride and particulate fluoride samples.  
5.2 Since the samples are collected on the dry tube and filter, the fluoride may be eluted with a small volume of eluant (see Section 10 for specific instructions on fluoride elution). Elution into a small volume and the sensitivity of the analytical methods employed allow the analysis of the collected fluoride to fractional parts of a microgram per cubic metre on samples taken for a 12-h period.
SCOPE
1.1 The sodium bicarbonate-coated glass tube and membrane filter method provides a means for the separation and collection of gaseous atmospheric forms of fluoride reactive with sodium bicarbonate and particulate forms of fluoride which are collected by a filter. The test method is applicable to 12-h sampling periods, collecting 1 to 500 μg of gaseous fluoride at a 15 L/min (0.5 ft3/min) sampling rate or about 0.1 to 50 μg/m3. The length of the sampling period can therefore be adjusted so that the amount of fluoride collected will fall within this range. The actual lower limit of the test method will depend upon the sensitivity of the analytical method employed and the quality of reagents used in tube preparation and analysis. It is recommended that the lower limit of detection should be considered as two times the standard deviation of the monthly arithmetic mean blank value. Any values greater than the blank by less than this amount should be reported as “blank value.”  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
14-Apr-2018
ICS
13.040.20 - Ambient atmospheres
Technical Committee
D22 - Air Quality
Drafting Committee
D22.03 - Ambient Atmospheres and Source Emissions
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM D1356-20 - Standard Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
Effective Date
15-Mar-2020
Refers
ASTM D1356-15a - Standard Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
Effective Date
15-Oct-2015
Refers
ASTM D1357-95(2019) - Standard Practice for Planning the Sampling of the Ambient Atmosphere
Effective Date
01-Aug-2019
Refers
ASTM D1356-20a - Standard Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
Effective Date
01-Sep-2020
Refers
ASTM D1356-14b - Standard Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
Effective Date
01-Dec-2014
Refers
ASTM D1356-15 - Standard Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
Effective Date
01-Jul-2015
Referred By
ASTM D3266-91(2018) - Standard Test Method for Automated Separation and Collection of Particulate and Acidic Gaseous Fluoride in the Atmosphere (Double Paper Tape Sampler Method)
Effective Date
15-Apr-2018
Referred By
ASTM D3267-20 - Standard Test Method for Separation and Collection of Particulate and Water-Soluble Gaseous Fluorides in the Atmosphere (Filter and Impinger Method)
Effective Date
15-Apr-2018
Referred By
ASTM D3270-13(2021) - Standard Test Methods for Analysis for Fluoride Content of the Atmosphere and Plant Tissues (Semiautomated Method)
Effective Date
15-Apr-2018

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ASTM D3268-91(2018) - Standard Test Method for Separation and Collection of Particulate and Gaseous Fluorides in the Atmosphere (Sodium Bicarbonate-Coated Glass Tube and Particulate Filter Method)ASTM D3268-91(2018) - Standard Test Method for Separation and Collection of Particulate and Gaseous Fluorides in the Atmosphere (Sodium Bicarbonate-Coated Glass Tube and Particulate Filter Method)
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ASTM D3268-91(2018) - Standard Test Method for Separation and Collection of Particulate and Gaseous Fluorides in the Atmosphere (Sodium Bicarbonate-Coated Glass Tube and Particulate Filter Method)
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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D3268 − 91 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Test Method for
Separation and Collection of Particulate and Gaseous
Fluorides in the Atmosphere (Sodium Bicarbonate-Coated
1
Glass Tube and Particulate Filter Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3268; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 The sodium bicarbonate-coated glass tube and mem- 2.1 ASTM Standards:
brane filter method provides a means for the separation and D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
collection of gaseous atmospheric forms of fluoride reactive D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of
with sodium bicarbonate and particulate forms of fluoride Atmospheres
which are collected by a filter. The test method is applicable to D1357 Practice for Planning the Sampling of the Ambient
12-h sampling periods, collecting 1 to 500 µg of gaseous Atmosphere
3
fluoride at a 15 L/min (0.5 ft /min) sampling rate or about 0.1 D3266 Test Method for Automated Separation and Collec-
3
to50µg/m .Thelengthofthesamplingperiodcanthereforebe tion of Particulate and Acidic Gaseous Fluoride in the
adjustedsothattheamountoffluoridecollectedwillfallwithin Atmosphere (Double Paper Tape Sampler Method)
this range. The actual lower limit of the test method will D3267 Test Method for Separation and Collection of Par-
depend upon the sensitivity of the analytical method employed ticulate and Water-Soluble Gaseous Fluorides in the At-
and the quality of reagents used in tube preparation and mosphere (Filter and Impinger Method)
analysis. It is recommended that the lower limit of detection D3269 Test Methods for Analysis for Fluoride Content of
shouldbeconsideredastwotimesthestandarddeviationofthe the Atmosphere and Plant Tissues (Manual Procedures)
3
monthly arithmetic mean blank value.Any values greater than (Withdrawn 2010)
the blank by less than this amount should be reported as “blank D3270 Test Methods for Analysis for Fluoride Content of
value.” the Atmosphere and Plant Tissues (Semiautomated
Method)
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
3. Terminology
conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for informa-
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test
tion only and are not considered standard.
method, refer to Terminology D1356.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4. Summary of Test Method
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.1 Gaseous fluorides are removed from the air stream by
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
reaction with sodium bicarbonate coated on the inside wall of
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
a borosilicate glass tube (Note 1). Particulate fluorides are
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
collected on a filter following the tube. The fluoride collected
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
by the tube is eluted with water or buffer and analyzed for
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
fluoride. The particulate matter collected by the filter is eluted
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Quality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.03 on Ambient contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Atmospheres and Source Emissions. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved April 15, 2018. Published May 2018. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D3268 – 91 (2011). The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
DOI: 10.1520/D3268-91R18. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3268 − 91 (2018)
FIG. 1 Sodium Bicarbonate-Coated Glass Tube
...

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5.1 This practice is recommended for use in measuring the concentration of VOCs in ambient, indoor, and workplace atmospheres. It may also be used for measuring emissions from materials in small or full scale environmental chambers for material emission testing or human exposure assessment.  
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Standard Practice for Conversion Units and Factors Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres

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3.1 ASTM requires the use of SI units in all its publications and their use in reporting atmospheric measurement data. However, there are historic data and even data currently reported that are based on a variety of units of measurement. This practice tabulates factors that are necessary to convert such data to SI and other units of measurement.  
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3.3 The values reported here were obtained from a number of standard publications. They were adjusted to five figures and organized in a rational order. All values reflect the latest information from the 16th General Conference on Weights and Measurements held in 1979.  
3.4 The factors in Table 1 are provided to change units of measurement from one system to related units in other systems, as well as to smaller or larger units in the same system.  
3.5 Values of units in the left column may be converted to values of units in the right column merely by multiplying by the conversion factor provided in the center column.  (A) For specific applications and exceptions, see Terminology D1356.
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1.1 This practice provides units and factors useful for members of the air pollution and meteorological communities.  
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1.6 Method A is preferred over Method B, as it gives the higher sensitivity, but it has a higher blank. Manual Method B is pH-dependent, but is more suitable with spectrometers having a spectral band width greater than 20 nm.
Note 1: These test methods are applicable at concentrations below 25 μg/m3 by sampling larger volumes of air if the absorption efficiency of the particular system is first determined, as described in Annex A4.
Note 2: Concentrations higher than 1000 μg/m3 can be determined by using smaller gas volumes, larger collection volumes, or by suitable dilution of the collected sample with absorbing solution prior to analysis.  
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.8 Warning—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see 8.3.1, Section 9, and A3.1.3.  
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D4323-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Hydrogen Sulfide in the Atmosphere by Rate of Change of Reflectance

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Hydrogen sulfide is an odorous substance which is offensive even at low concentrations in the atmosphere and toxic at higher levels. It may be a product of biological processes in the absence of oxygen, as may occur in municipal landfills. It is emitted from geothermal sources, occurs in oil and gas, and may be emitted from industrial processes. Measurement is required for air pollution studies, for pollution control, environmental justice based monitoring, and for plume characterization. This test method is intended for hydrogen sulfide content up to 3000 ppbv. Measurement of hydrogen sulfide above this concentration in gaseous fuels, carbon dioxide or other gaseous matrices is described in Test Method D4084. Equipment described is suitable for fixed site or for mobile monitoring.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the automatic continuous determination of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in the atmosphere or in gaseous samples in the range from one part per billion by volume (1 ppb/v) to 3000 ppb/v. Information obtained may be used for air-pollution studies, fence-line monitoring, and other source emission monitoring.  
1.2 The range may be extended by appropriate dilution techniques or by equipment modification.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (See Section 9 for specific safety precautionary statements.)  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D3162-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Carbon Monoxide in the Atmosphere (Continuous Measurement by Nondispersive Infrared Spectrometry)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Determination of carbon monoxide is essential to evaluation of many air pollution concerns and pollution control strategies. This test method derives significance from providing such determination.  
5.2 Carbon monoxide is formed in the process of incomplete combustion of hydrocarbon fuels, and is a constituent of the exhaust of gasoline engines. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has set primary and secondary air quality standards for CO that are designed to protect the public health and welfare (3, 4).  
5.3 This test method is suitable for measurements appropriate for the purposes noted in 5.1 and 5.2.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is applicable to the determination of the carbon monoxide (CO) concentration of the atmosphere between 0.6 mg/m3 (0.5 ppm(v)) and 115 mg/m3 (100 ppm(v)). The measuring principle is based on the absorption of infrared radiation by CO in the 4.7 μm region (1).2  
1.2 The test method has a limit of detection of about 0.6 mg/m3 (0.5 ppm(v)) carbon monoxide in air.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values and units in parentheses are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 9 for additional precautions.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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