ASTM D2791-07

Standard Test Method for On-line Determination of Sodium in Water

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Sodium is a pervasive contaminant and it is the first cation to break through deionization equipment. This test method allows measurement of micrograms per litre (parts per billion) concentrations of sodium in water to monitor low-sodium water sources for indications of contamination or proper operation. Applications include monitoring makeup systems, condensers, condensate polishers, feedwater, boilerwater, and steam.
This test method is more sensitive and selective than conductivity measurements on high purity samples.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the on-line determination of trace amounts of sodium in water using an ion-selective electrode.
1.2 This test method is based on on-line application of the sodium ion electrode as reported in the technical literature (). It is generally applicable over the range of 0.01 to 10 000 g/L.
1.3 The analyst should be aware that adequate collaborative data for precision and bias statements as required by Practice D 2777 are not provided. See Section for details.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements see Section 6.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Jan-2007
• ICS: 13.060.50 - Examination of water for chemical substances
• Technical Committee: D19 - Water
• Drafting Committee: D19.03 - Sampling Water and Water-Formed Deposits, Analysis of Water for Power Generation and Process Use, On-Line Water Analysis, and Surveillance of Water

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D2791-93(2001) - Standard Test Methods for Continuous Determination of Sodium in Water
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2007
• Replaced By: ASTM D2791-13 - Standard Test Method for On-line Determination of Sodium in Water
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2013
• Referred By: ASTM D5127-13(2018) - Standard Guide for Ultra-Pure Water Used in the Electronics and Semiconductor Industries
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2007

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D2791 − 07
StandardTest Method for
1
On-line Determination of Sodium in Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2791; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits
D5540 Practice for Flow Control and Temperature Control
1.1 This test method covers the on-line determination of
for On-Line Water Sampling and Analysis
trace amounts of sodium in water using an ion-selective
electrode.
3. Terminology
1.2 This test method is based on on-line application of the
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test
sodium ion electrode as reported in the technical literature
method, refer to Terminology D1129.
2
(1-3). It is generally applicable over the range of 0.01 to
10 000 µg/L.
4. Significance and Use
1.3 The analyst should be aware that adequate collaborative
4.1 Sodium is a pervasive contaminant and it is the first
data for precision and bias statements as required by Practice
cation to break through deionization equipment. This test
D2777 are not provided. See Section 16 for details.
method allows measurement of micrograms per litre (parts per
billion) concentrations of sodium in water to monitor low-
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
sodium water sources for indications of contamination or
standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for
proper operation. Applications include monitoring makeup
information only.
systems, condensers, condensate polishers, feedwater,
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
boilerwater, and steam.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.2 This test method is more sensitive and selective than
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
conductivity measurements on high purity samples.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
5. Reagents and Materials
statements see Section 6.
5.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
2. Referenced Documents
used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
3
all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4
teeonAnalyticalReagentsoftheAmericanChemicalSociety.
D1066 Practice for Sampling Steam
In many instances, reagent grade chemicals contain higher
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
levels of sodium contamination than are compatible with this
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D1293 Test Methods for pH of Water test method. It must be ascertained that the reagent is of
sufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening the
D2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of
accuracy of the determination.
Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
D3864 Guide for Continual On-Line Monitoring Systems
5.2 PurityofWater—Unlessotherwiseindicated,references
for Water Analysis
towatershallbeunderstoodtomeanreagentwaterconforming
to Specification D1193, Type I. In addition, the sodium or
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water potassium content shall not exceed 10 µg/L(10 ppb) or 1 % of
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.03 on Sampling Water and
the lowest concentration to be determined, whichever is lower.
Water-Formed Deposits, Analysis of Water for Power Generation and Process Use,
5.2.1 Single-distilled water passed through a mixed bed
On-Line Water Analysis, and Surveillance of Water.
deionizing unit composed of strong cation and anion resins can
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2007. Published February 2007. Originally
approved in 1969. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D2791 – 93(2001).
DOI: 10.1520/D2791-07.
2 4
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end of Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications , American
this test method. Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or listed by the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for Laboratory
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeia
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on and National Formulary, U.S. Pharmaceutical Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville,
the ASTM website. MD.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
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