ASTM D5314-92(2006)
(Guide)Standard Guide for Soil Gas Monitoring in the Vadose Zone (Withdrawn 2015)
Standard Guide for Soil Gas Monitoring in the Vadose Zone (Withdrawn 2015)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Application of Soil Gas Monitoring—Soil gas monitoring is an extremely versatile method in that it can be adapted to conform to the requirements of dissimilar industries for a wide variety of applications. A number of soil gas techniques have been utilized in the agricultural (21), petroleum (22, 23) and minerals (24) industries. Certain applications have been exercised for well over 50 years. Soil gas monitoring has been utilized in research efforts, including the monitoring of underground coal gasification retorts (25). Application to the environmental industry is comparably recent but very effective as a rapid and relatively inexpensive method of detecting volatile contaminants in the vadose zone. Field screening, of which soil gas monitoring is a basic component, has been demonstrated to be effective for selection of suitable and representative samples for other more costly and definitive monitoring methods (26). Soil gas monitoring is useful to assess the extent of groundwater contamination for certain contaminants and field environments (27). Soil gas monitoring is also a viable method of monitoring subsurface contaminant discharges from underground storage tanks (28). New applications of the soil gas monitoring are periodically developed and published in the referenced literature. The method may be useful in the study of unsaturated flow. In most instances, the method can make use of very light-weight, portable and inexpensive tools made from commonly available materials. Soil gas monitoring has become a widely accepted method for locating subsequent environmental monitoring and remediation activities such as groundwater monitoring wells, contaminant product recovery wells or excavations to recover contaminated soil. Soil gas monitoring has made a significant contribution to groundwater monitoring and remedial planning on sites that fall under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) (29). This method is highly usefu...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers information pertaining to a broad spectrum of practices and applications of soil atmosphere sampling, including sample recovery and handling, sample analysis, data interpretation, and data reporting. This guide can increase the awareness of soil gas monitoring practitioners concerning important aspects of the behavior of the soil-water-gas-contaminant system in which this monitoring is performed, as well as inform them of the variety of available techniques of each aspect of the practice. Appropriate applications of soil gas monitoring are identified, as are the purposes of the various applications. Emphasis is placed on soil gas contaminant determinations in certain application examples.
1.2 This guide suggests a variety of approaches useful to successfully monitor vadose zone contaminants with instructions that offer direction to those who generate and use soil gas data.
1.3 This guide does not recommend a standard practice to follow in all cases nor does it recommend definite courses of action. The success of any one soil gas monitoring methodology is strongly dependent upon the environment in which it is applied.
1.4 Concerns of practitioner liability or protection from or release from such liability, or both, are not addressed by this guide.
1.5 This guide is organized into the following sections and subsections that address specific segments of the practice of monitoring soil gas:
Section 4Summary of Practice 4.1Basic principles, including partitioning theory, migration and emplacement processes, and contaminant degradation 4.7Summary Procedure 5Significance and Use 6Approach and Procedure 6.1Sampling Methodology 6.5Sample Handling and Transport 6.6Analysis of Soil Gas Samples 6.7Data Interpretation 7Reporting
1.6 This guide does not purport to set standard levels of acceptable risk. Use of this guide for purposes of risk assessment is wholly the responsibility of the use...
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: D5314 − 92(Reapproved 2006)
Standard Guide for
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Soil Gas Monitoring in the Vadose Zone
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5314; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
6.7 Data Interpretation
7 Reporting
1.1 This guide covers information pertaining to a broad
1.6 This guide does not purport to set standard levels of
spectrum of practices and applications of soil atmosphere
acceptable risk. Use of this guide for purposes of risk assess-
sampling, including sample recovery and handling, sample
ment is wholly the responsibility of the user.
analysis,datainterpretation,anddatareporting.Thisguidecan
increase the awareness of soil gas monitoring practitioners
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
concerningimportantaspectsofthebehaviorofthesoil-water-
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
gas-contaminantsysteminwhichthismonitoringisperformed,
standard.
aswellasinformthemofthevarietyofavailabletechniquesof
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
eachaspectofthepractice.Appropriateapplicationsofsoilgas
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
monitoring are identified, as are the purposes of the various
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
applications. Emphasis is placed on soil gas contaminant
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
determinations in certain application examples.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.2 This guide suggests a variety of approaches useful to
1.9 This guide offers an organized collection of information
successfully monitor vadose zone contaminants with instruc-
or a series of options and does not recommend a specific
tionsthatofferdirectiontothosewhogenerateandusesoilgas
course of action. This document cannot replace education or
data.
experienceandshouldbeusedinconjunctionwithprofessional
1.3 This guide does not recommend a standard practice to
judgment.Notallaspectsofthisguidemaybeapplicableinall
follow in all cases nor does it recommend definite courses of circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to repre-
action. The success of any one soil gas monitoring methodol-
sent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of
ogy is strongly dependent upon the environment in which it is a given professional service must be judged, nor should this
applied. documentbeappliedwithoutconsiderationofaproject’smany
unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of this
1.4 Concerns of practitioner liability or protection from or
document means only that the document has been approved
release from such liability, or both, are not addressed by this
through the ASTM consensus process.
guide.
1.5 This guide is organized into the following sections and
2. Referenced Documents
subsections that address specific segments of the practice of
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
monitoring soil gas:
D653Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
Section
Fluids
4 Summary of Practice
4.1 Basic principles, including partitioning theory, migration and
D1356Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of
emplacement processes, and contaminant degradation
Atmospheres
4.7 Summary Procedure
D1357Practice for Planning the Sampling of the Ambient
5 Significance and Use
6 Approach and Procedure
Atmosphere
6.1 Sampling Methodology
D1452PracticeforSoilExplorationandSamplingbyAuger
6.5 Sample Handling and Transport
6.6 Analysis of Soil Gas Samples Borings
D1605Practices for Sampling Atmospheres for Analysis of
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This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and
Rockand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.21 on Groundwater and
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Vadose Zone Investigations. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
CurrenteditionapprovedJuly1,2006.PublishedJuly2006.Originallyapproved contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D5314–92 (2001). DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D5314-92R06. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D5314 − 92 (2006)
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Gases and Vapors (Withdrawn 1992) 3.1.3 emplacement—the establishment of contaminant resi-
D1914PracticeforConversionUnitsandFactorsRelatingto dence in the vadose zone in a particular phase.
Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
3.1.4 free product—
...
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