ASTM D7901-14b
(Specification)Standard Specification for Dimethyl Ether for Fuel Purposes
Standard Specification for Dimethyl Ether for Fuel Purposes
ABSTRACT
This specification covers dimethyl ether (DME) for use as a fuel in engines specifically designed or modified for DME and for blending with liquefied petroleum gas. It is intended for use by DME manufacturers, purpose-built engine developers, in contracts for the purchase of DME for fuel purposes, and for the guidance of consumers of this type of fuel. This specification includes chemical composition and other requirements, sampling, and test methods.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers dimethyl ether (DME) for use as a fuel in engines specifically designed or modified for DME and for blending with liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). This specification is for use by manufacturers of dimethyl ether, by engine developers of purpose-built engines, in contracts for the purchase of DME for fuel purposes, and for the guidance of consumers of this type of fuel.
Note 1: The generation and dissipation of static electricity can create problems in the handling of DME. For more information on the subject, see Guide D4865.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. Units in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D7901 −14b
Standard Specification for
1
Dimethyl Ether for Fuel Purposes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7901; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D4865 Guide for Generation and Dissipation of Static Elec-
tricity in Petroleum Fuel Systems
1.1 This specification covers dimethyl ether (DME) for use
D6667 Test Method for Determination of Total Volatile
as a fuel in engines specifically designed or modified for DME
Sulfur in Gaseous Hydrocarbons and Liquefied Petroleum
and for blending with liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). This
Gases by Ultraviolet Fluorescence
specification is for use by manufacturers of dimethyl ether, by
D6897 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Liquefied Petro-
engine developers of purpose-built engines, in contracts for the
leum Gases (LPG) (Expansion Method)
purchase of DME for fuel purposes, and for the guidance of
D7756 Test Method for Residues in Liquefied Petroleum
consumers of this type of fuel.
(LP) Gases by Gas Chromatography with Liquid, On-
NOTE 1—The generation and dissipation of static electricity can create
Column Injection
problems in the handling of DME. For more information on the subject,
D7828 Test Method for Determination of Residue Compo-
see Guide D4865.
sition in Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Using Auto-
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
mated Thermal Desorption/Gas Chromatography (ATD/
standard. Units in parentheses are for information only.
GC)
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
2.2 Other Documents:
3
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
NFPA 77 Recommended Practice on Static Electricity
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ISO/DIS 17196 Dimethyl ether (DME) for fuels—
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Determination of impurities—Gas chromatographic
4
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
method
ISO 17197 Dimethyl ether (DME) for fuels—Determination
2. Referenced Documents
4
of water content—Karl Fischer titration method
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3. Terminology
D1265 Practice for Sampling Liquefied Petroleum (LP)
Gases, Manual Method
3.1 Abbreviations:
D1267 Test Method for Gage Vapor Pressure of Liquefied
3.1.1 DME—dimethyl ether, the chemical compound
Petroleum (LP) Gases (LP-Gas Method)
(CH OCH ).
3 3
D1838 TestMethodforCopperStripCorrosionbyLiquefied
3.1.2 LPG—liquefied petroleum gas.
Petroleum (LP) Gases
D2158 Test Method for Residues in Liquefied Petroleum
4. Hazards
(LP) Gases
4.1 Warning—Dimethyl ether is a highly flammable, color-
D2163 Test Method for Determination of Hydrocarbons in
less gas with a faint ether-like odor. It is shipped and stored in
Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases and Propane/Propene
a pressurized, liquefied state, much like LPG. Unlike LPG,
Mixtures by Gas Chromatography
dimethyl ether has a wide flammability range and a low
D3700 Practice for Obtaining LPG Samples Using a Float-
autoignition temperature. Further, dimethyl ether in this speci-
ing Piston Cylinder
fication is intended for use in a diesel (compression-ignition)
engine. Many users of diesel engines are familiar with the
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
relative safety of storing and handling diesel fuel. However,
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
dimethyl ether has significantly higher flammability hazards
Subcommittee D02.H0 on Liquefied Petroleum Gas.
than diesel fuel. A leak of dimethyl ether could result in a
Current edition approved Oct. 15, 2014. Published October 2014. Originally
approved in 2014. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D7901 – 14a. DOI:
10.1520/D7901-14B.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 Batterymarch
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, http://www.nfpa.org.
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. de
the ASTM website. la Voie-Creuse, CP 56, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://www.iso.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7901−14b
dimethyl ether for fuel applications could be required as purpose-built
dangerou
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7901 − 14a D7901 − 14b
Standard Specification for
1
Dimethyl Ether for Fuel Purposes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7901; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers dimethyl ether (DME) for use as a fuel in engines specifically designed or modified for DME and
for blending with liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). This specification is for use by manufacturers of dimethyl ether, by engine
developers of purpose-built engines, in contracts for the purchase of DME for fuel purposes, and for the guidance of consumers
of this type of fuel.
NOTE 1—The generation and dissipation of static electricity can create problems in the handling of DME. For more information on the subject, see
Guide D4865.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. Units in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1265 Practice for Sampling Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases, Manual Method
D1267 Test Method for Gage Vapor Pressure of Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases (LP-Gas Method)
D1838 Test Method for Copper Strip Corrosion by Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases
D2158 Test Method for Residues in Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases
D2163 Test Method for Determination of Hydrocarbons in Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases and Propane/Propene Mixtures by
Gas Chromatography
D3700 Practice for Obtaining LPG Samples Using a Floating Piston Cylinder
D4865 Guide for Generation and Dissipation of Static Electricity in Petroleum Fuel Systems
D6667 Test Method for Determination of Total Volatile Sulfur in Gaseous Hydrocarbons and Liquefied Petroleum Gases by
Ultraviolet Fluorescence
D6897 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Liquefied Petroleum Gases (LPG) (Expansion Method)
D7756 Test Method for Residues in Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases by Gas Chromatography with Liquid, On-Column Injection
D7828 Test Method for Determination of Residue Composition in Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Using Automated Thermal
Desorption/Gas Chromatography (ATD/GC)
2.2 Other Documents:
3
NFPA 77 Recommended Practice on Static Electricity
4
ISO/DIS 17196 Dimethyl ether (DME) for fuels—Determination of impurities—Gas chromatographic method
4
ISO 17197 Dimethyl ether (DME) for fuels—Determination of water content—Karl Fischer titration method
3. Terminology
3.1 Abbreviations:
3.1.1 DME—dimethyl ether, the chemical compound (CH OCH ).
3 3
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.H0 on Liquefied Petroleum Gas.
Current edition approved June 1, 2014Oct. 15, 2014. Published July 2014October 2014. Originally approved in 2014. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as
D7901 – 14.D7901 – 14a. DOI: 10.1520/D7901-14a.10.1520/D7901-14B.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, http://www.nfpa.org.
4
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. de la Voie-Creuse, CP 56, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://www.iso.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7901 − 14b
3.1.2 LPG—liquefied petroleum gas.
4. Hazards
4.1 Warning—Dimethyl ether is a highly flammable, colorless gas with a faint ether-like odor. It is shipped and stored in a
pressurized, liquefied state, much like LPG. Unlike LPG, dimethyl ether has a wide flammability range and a low autoignition
temperature. Further, dimethyl ether in this specification is intended for use in a diesel (compression-
...
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