ASTM D6320/D6320M-10(2014)
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Single Filament Hose Reinforcing Wire Made from Steel (Withdrawn 2023)
Standard Test Methods for Single Filament Hose Reinforcing Wire Made from Steel (Withdrawn 2023)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The procedures for the determination of properties of single-filament hose reinforcing wire made from steel are considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of this product because the procedures are the best available and have been used extensively in the trade.
5.1.1 In the case of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using these test methods for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for investigation of bias. As a minimum, two parties should take a group of test specimens which are as homogeneous as possible and which are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test specimens then should be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared by using an appropriate statistical test and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before testing is begun. If a bias is found, either its cause must be determined and corrected or the purchaser and supplier must agree to interpret future test results with consideration to the known bias.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover testing of single filament steel wires that are used to reinforce hose products. By agreement, these test methods may be applied to similar filaments used for reinforcing other rubber products.
1.2 These test methods describe test procedures only and do not establish specifications or tolerances.
1.3 These test methods cover the determinations of the mechanical properties listed below:
Property
Section
Breaking force (strength)
7 – 13
Yield strength
7 – 13
Elongation
7 – 13
Knot strength
14 – 20
Torsion resistance
21 – 27
Reverse bend
28 – 34
Wrap
35 – 41
Diameter
42 – 48
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D6320/D6320M − 10 (Reapproved 2014)
Standard Test Methods for
Single Filament Hose Reinforcing Wire Made from Steel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6320/D6320M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D4848 Terminology Related to Force, Deformation and
Related Properties of Textiles
1.1 These test methods cover testing of single filament steel
D6477 Terminology Relating to Tire Cord, Bead Wire, Hose
wires that are used to reinforce hose products. By agreement,
Reinforcing Wire, and Fabrics
these test methods may be applied to similar filaments used for
reinforcing other rubber products.
3. Terminology
1.2 These test methods describe test procedures only and do
3.1 Definitions:
not establish specifications or tolerances.
3.1.1 For definitions of terms relating to tire cord, bead wire,
1.3 These test methods cover the determinations of the
hose wire, and tire cord fabrics, refer to Terminology D6477.
mechanical properties listed below:
3.1.1.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard:
hose reinforcing wire, torsion resistance, yield strength.
Property Section
Breaking force (strength) 7 – 13
3.1.2 For definitions of terms related to force and deforma-
Yield strength 7 – 13
tion in textiles, refer to Terminology D4848.
Elongation 7 – 13
3.1.2.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard:
Knot strength 14 – 20
Torsion resistance 21 – 27
breaking force and elongation.
Reverse bend 28 – 34
3.1.3 For definitions of other terms related to textiles, refer
Wrap 35 – 41
to Terminology D123.
Diameter 42 – 48
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
4. Summary of Test Method
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
4.1 A summary of the directions prescribed for determina-
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
tion of specific properties of hose reinforcing wire is stated in
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
the appropriate sections of the specific test methods that follow.
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
with the standard.
5. Significance and Use
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5.1 The procedures for the determination of properties of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
single-filament hose reinforcing wire made from steel are
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
shipments of this product because the procedures are the best
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
available and have been used extensively in the trade.
5.1.1 In the case of a dispute arising from differences in
2. Referenced Documents
reported test results when using these test methods for accep-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
tance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and
D76 Specification for Tensile Testing Machines for Textiles
supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent
D2969 Test Methods for Steel Tire Cords
statistical assistance is recommended for investigation of bias.
As a minimum, two parties should take a group of test
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on specimens which are as homogeneous as possible and which
Textiles and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.19 on Industrial
are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test
Fibers and Metallic Reinforcements.
specimens then should be randomly assigned in equal numbers
Current edition approved May 15, 2014. Published June 2014. Originally
to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two
approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D6320 – 10. DOI:
10.1520/D6320_D6320M-10R14.
laboratories should be compared by using an appropriate
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
statistical test and an acceptable probability level chosen by the
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
two parties before testing is begun. If a bias is found, either its
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. cause must be determined and corrected or the purchaser and
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D6320/D6320M − 10 (2014)
supplier must agree to interpret future test results with consid- maximum force required to fracture the wire shall not exceed
eration to the known bias. 90 % nor be less than 10 % of the selected force measurement
range. The specifications and methods of calibration and
6. Sampling
verification shall conform to Specification D76.
6.1 Lot Sample—As a lot sample for acceptance testing, take
10.2 In some laboratories, the output of CRE type of tensile
at random the number of reels, coils, spools, or other shipping
testing machine is connected with electronic recording and
units of wire directed in an applicable material specification or
computing equipment that may be programmed to calculate
other agreement between purchaser and supplier. Consider
and print the results for each of the force - extension properties,
reels, coils, spools, or other shipping units of wire to be the
optional.
primary sampling units.
10.3 Extensometer, any device that can be attached to the
NOTE 1—A realistic specification or other agreement between the
specimen and that permits recording of the specimen extension
purchaser and the supplier requires taking into account the variability
during loading, optional.
between and within primary sampling units, to provide a sampling plan
which at the specified level of the property of interest has a meaningful
10.4 Grips, of such design that failure of the specimen does
producer’s risk and acceptable quality level.
not occur at the gripping point, and slippage of the specimen
6.2 Laboratory Sample—Use the primary sampling units in
within the jaws (grips) is prevented.
the lot sample as a laboratory sample.
11. Procedure
6.3 Test Specimens— For each test procedure, take the
number of lengths of hose reinforcing wire of the specified
11.1 Select a proper force-scale range on the tensile testing
lengths from each laboratory sample as directed in the test
machine based on the estimated breaking force of the specimen
procedure.
being tested.
11.2 If specified, tensile testing may be carried out after
aging for 1 h 6 5 min at 150 6 5°C [300 6 9°F].
BREAKING FORCE, YIELD STRENGTH, AND
ELONGATION
11.3 Set the crosshead speed at 25 mm/min. [1.0 in./min.]
and recorder chart speed at 250 mm/min. [10 in./min.]
7. Scope
11.4 Adjust the distance between the grips of the tensile
7.1 This test method covers the measurement of breaking
machine, nip to nip, to a gage length of 250 mm [10 in.], 6
force, yield strength, and elongation of single filament steel
0.5 %.
reinforcing wire in a tensile test.
11.5 Secure the specimen in the upper grip sufficiently to
8. Summary of Test Method
prevent slippage during testing. While keeping the specimen
8.1 The specimen is clamped in a tensile testing machine
straight and taut, place and secure the other end in the lower
and increasing forces applied until the specimen breaks. The
grip.
change in force is measured versus the increase in separation of
11.6 Apply a force of no greater than 1 N [0.2 lbf] on the
the specimen clamps to form a force-extension curve. Breaking
clamped specimen to take out any residual slack before
force is read directly from the curve and is expressed in
initiating the test. This will be considered the zero-reference
newtons (pounds - force). Elongation at break is the extension
point for elongation calculations.
at break divided by the original specimen length times 100.
11.7 Start the testing machine and record the force-
Yield strength the intersection of the force-extension curve
extension curve generated.
with a line at 0.2 % offset, is read from the force-extension
11.7.1 If the specimen fractures at, or within, 5 mm [0.2 in.]
curve and is expressed in newtons (pounds - force). Current
of the gripping point, discard the result and test another
tensile test machines may have the capability for calculating
specimen. If such jaw breaks continue to occur, insert a jaw
elongation and yield strength using a programmed computer.
liner, such as an abrasive cloth, between the gripping surface
9. Significance and Use
and the specimen in a manner that the liner extends beyond the
grip edge where it comes in contact with the specimen.
9.1 The load bearing ability of a reinforced rubber product
such as a steel reinforced hydraulic hose is related to the
11.8 Conduct this test procedure on two specimens from
strength of the single-filament wire used as the reinforcing
each laboratory sampling unit.
material. The breaking force and yield strength are used in
11.9 Breaking Force— Read the maximum force from the
engineering calculations when designing this type of reinforced
force-extension curve.
product.
11.10 Elongation—Determine the elongation from the
9.2 Elongation of hose reinforcing wire is taken into con-
force-extension curve.
sideration in the design and engineering of hoses because of its
11.11 Yield Strength— Determine the yield strength by the
effect on uniformity and dimensional stability during service.
0.2 % offset method.
10. Apparatus
11.11.1 On the force-extension curve (see Fig. 1) that has
10.1 Tensile Testing Machine, constant rate of extension been generated (see 11.7), lay off Om equal to the specified
(CRE) type tensile testing machine of such capacity that the value of the offset (0.2 % elongation): draw mn parallel to OA
D6320/D6320M − 10 (2014)
14. Precision and Bias
14.1 Precision—0.30 mm HT [high tensile: 2750 MN/m to
3050 MN/m ] brass plated hose wire was tested. The single
operator repeatability standard deviation for breaking force has
been determined to be 8.24N. The single operator repeatability
standard deviation for yield strength has been determined to be
5.24 N. The single operator repeatability standard deviation for
elongation has been determined to be 0.14 %. The reproduc-
ibility of this test method is being determined and will be
available before 2005.
14.2 Bias—The tensile property procedures of these test
methods have no bias, because these properties can be defined
only in terms of a test method.
FIG. 1 Force-Extension Curve for Determination of Yield Strength
KNOT STRENGTH
by the Offset Method
15. Scope
15.1 This section describes the test procedure to determine
the knot test characteristic of hydraulic hose wire with a
and locate r. This intersection of mn with the force-extension
curve corresponds to force R, that is the yield strength. Should diameter less than or equal to 0.82 mm [0.032 in.]. In practice,
the knot test is most suitable for wires less than 0.50 mm [0.020
the force-extension curve exhibit an initial nonlinear portion,
extrapolate from the straight line portion to the base line. This in.].
intersection is point 0 used in this section.
16. Significance and Use
16.1 Complex stress and strain conditions sensitive to varia-
12. Calculation
tion in materials occur in wire specimens during knot strength
12.1 Break Strength— Calculate the average breaking force
testing. The knot strength test is a useful tool in assessing wire
for each laboratory sampling unit to the nearest 1 N [0.2 lbf],
ductility as defective wire lowers knot strength.
and record this value as breaking strength.
17. Apparatus
12.2 Elongation at Break:
12.2.1 Calculate the elongation at break for each specimen 17.1 Tensile Test Machine, CRE-type and grips as described
from the force-extension curve to the nearest 0.1 %. Should the
in Section 10. Electronic recording and computing equipment
force-extension curve exhibit an initial nonlinear portion,
is optional.
extrapolate from the straight line portion of the curve to the
18. Procedure
base line. This intersection is the point of origin for the
18.1 Select a proper force-scale range on the tensile testing
elongation determination. The extension from this point to the
force at the point of rupture is the total elongation. machine based upon the estimated breaking force of the
specimen being tested.
12.2.2 Calculate the average elongation at break for each
laboratory sampling unit.
18.2 If specified, the knot strength test may be carried out
after aging for 1 h 6 5 min at 150 6 5°C [300 6 9°F].
12.3 Yield Strength— Calculate the average yield strength
from each laboratory sampling unit as directed in Section
18.3 Adjust the distance between the grips of the tensile
11.11.1 to the nearest 1 N [0.2 lbf[.
testing machine, nip to nip, to a gage length of 250 mm [10 in.]
6 0.5 %.
13. Report
18.4 Form a simple loop (overhand) knot in the middle zone
13.1 State that the tests were performed as directed in these
of the test piece as shown in Fig. 2.
test methods (D6320) for breaking strength, elongation at
18.5 Center the knot between the grips. Secure one end of
break and yield strength. Describe the material or product
the specimen in the upper grip sufficiently to prevent slippage
tested.
during testing. While keeping the specimen taut, place and
13.2 Report the following information:
secure the other end in the lower grip.
13.2.1 The test results of each specimen and the laboratory
18.6 After setting the crosshead speed at 25 mm/min [1
sample average. Calculate and report any other data agreed to
in./min] and the recorder chart at 25 mm/min. [1 in./min], start
between the purchaser and the supplier,
the testing machine and record the force-extension curve
13.2.2 Type of tensile test machine, machine number (if
generated.
applicable), and rate of extension,
13.2.3 Whether specimens were heat aged or not, 18.7 When the knotted diameter reaches about 5 mm [0.2
13.2.4 Any deviation from the standard test procedure, and in.], change the crosshead speed to 10 mm/min [0.4 in./min.]
13.2.5 Date of test and operator. and load to fracture.
D6320/D6320M − 10 (2014)
21.2 Bias—The procedure of the test method has no bias,
since this property can be defined only in terms of a test
method.
TORSION RESISTANCE
22. S
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6320/D6320M − 10 D6320/D6320M − 10 (Reapproved 2014)
Standard Test Methods for
Single Filament Hose Reinforcing Wire Made from Steel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6320/D6320M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods cover testing of single filament steel wires that are used to reinforce hose products. By agreement, these
test methods may be applied to similar filaments used for reinforcing other rubber products.
1.2 These test methods describe test procedures only and do not establish specifications or tolerances.
1.3 These test methods cover the determinations of the mechanical properties listed below:
Property Section
Breaking force (strength) 7 – 13
Yield strength 7 – 13
Elongation 7 – 13
Knot strength 14 – 20
Torsion resistance 21 – 27
Reverse bend 28 – 34
Wrap 35 – 41
Diameter 42 – 48
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D76 Specification for Tensile Testing Machines for Textiles
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D2969 Test Methods for Steel Tire Cords
D4848 Terminology Related to Force, Deformation and Related Properties of Textiles
D6477 Terminology Relating to Tire Cord, Bead Wire, Hose Reinforcing Wire, and Fabrics
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms relating to tire cord, bead wire, hose wire, and tire cord fabrics, refer to Terminology D6477.
3.1.1.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard: hose reinforcing wire, torsion resistance, yield strength.
3.1.2 For definitions of terms related to force and deformation in textiles, refer to Terminology D4848.
3.1.2.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard: breaking force and elongation.
3.1.3 For definitions of other terms related to textiles, refer to Terminology D123.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A summary of the directions prescribed for determination of specific properties of hose reinforcing wire is stated in the
appropriate sections of the specific test methods that follow.
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.19 on Industrial Fibers and
Metallic Reinforcements.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2010May 15, 2014. Published February 2010June 2014. Originally approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 20042010 as
D6320 – 04.D6320 – 10. DOI: 10.1520/D6320_D6320M-10.10.1520/D6320_D6320M-10R14.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D6320/D6320M − 10 (2014)
5. Significance and Use
5.1 The procedures for the determination of properties of single-filament hose reinforcing wire made from steel are considered
satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of this product because the procedures are the best available and have
been used extensively in the trade.
5.1.1 In the case of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using these test methods for acceptance
testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical
bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for investigation of bias. As a minimum, two
parties should take a group of test specimens which are as homogeneous as possible and which are from a lot of material of the
type in question. The test specimens then should be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average
results from the two laboratories should be compared by using an appropriate statistical test and an acceptable probability level
chosen by the two parties before testing is begun. If a bias is found, either its cause must be determined and corrected or the
purchaser and supplier must agree to interpret future test results with consideration to the known bias.
6. Sampling
6.1 Lot Sample—As a lot sample for acceptance testing, take at random the number of reels, coils, spools, or other shipping units
of wire directed in an applicable material specification or other agreement between purchaser and supplier. Consider reels, coils,
spools, or other shipping units of wire to be the primary sampling units.
NOTE 1—A realistic specification or other agreement between the purchaser and the supplier requires taking into account the variability between and
within primary sampling units, to provide a sampling plan which at the specified level of the property of interest has a meaningful producer’s risk and
acceptable quality level.
6.2 Laboratory Sample—Use the primary sampling units in the lot sample as a laboratory sample.
6.3 Test Specimens— For each test procedure, take the number of lengths of hose reinforcing wire of the specified lengths from
each laboratory sample as directed in the test procedure.
BREAKING FORCE, YIELD STRENGTH, AND ELONGATION
7. Scope
7.1 This test method covers the measurement of breaking force, yield strength, and elongation of single filament steel
reinforcing wire in a tensile test.
8. Summary of Test Method
8.1 The specimen is clamped in a tensile testing machine and increasing forces applied until the specimen breaks. The change
in force is measured versus the increase in separation of the specimen clamps to form a force-extension curve. Breaking force is
read directly from the curve and is expressed in newtons (pounds - force). Elongation at break is the extension at break divided
by the original specimen length times 100. Yield strength the intersection of the force-extension curve with a line at 0.2 % offset,
is read from the force-extension curve and is expressed in newtons (pounds - force). Current tensile test machines may have the
capability for calculating elongation and yield strength using a programmed computer.
9. Significance and Use
9.1 The load bearing ability of a reinforced rubber product such as a steel reinforced hydraulic hose is related to the strength
of the single-filament wire used as the reinforcing material. The breaking force and yield strength are used in engineering
calculations when designing this type of reinforced product.
9.2 Elongation of hose reinforcing wire is taken into consideration in the design and engineering of hoses because of its effect
on uniformity and dimensional stability during service.
10. Apparatus
10.1 Tensile Testing Machine, constant rate of extension (CRE) type tensile testing machine of such capacity that the maximum
force required to fracture the wire shall not exceed 90 % nor be less than 10 % of the selected force measurement range. The
specifications and methods of calibration and verification shall conform to Specification D76.
10.2 In some laboratories, the output of CRE type of tensile testing machine is connected with electronic recording and
computing equipment that may be programmed to calculate and print the results for each of the force - extension properties,
optional.
10.3 Extensometer, any device that can be attached to the specimen and that permits recording of the specimen extension during
loading, optional.
10.4 Grips, of such design that failure of the specimen does not occur at the gripping point, and slippage of the specimen within
the jaws (grips) is prevented.
D6320/D6320M − 10 (2014)
11. Procedure
11.1 Select a proper force-scale range on the tensile testing machine based on the estimated breaking force of the specimen
being tested.
11.2 If specified, tensile testing may be carried out after aging for 1 h 6 5 min at 150 6 5°C [300 6 9°F].
11.3 Set the crosshead speed at 25 mm/min. [1.0 in./min.] and recorder chart speed at 250 mm/min. [10 in./min.]
11.4 Adjust the distance between the grips of the tensile machine, nip to nip, to a gage length of 250 mm [10 in.], 6 0.5 %.
11.5 Secure the specimen in the upper grip sufficiently to prevent slippage during testing. While keeping the specimen straight
and taut, place and secure the other end in the lower grip.
11.6 Apply a force of no greater than 1 N [0.2 lbf] on the clamped specimen to take out any residual slack before initiating the
test. This will be considered the zero-reference point for elongation calculations.
11.7 Start the testing machine and record the force-extension curve generated.
11.7.1 If the specimen fractures at, or within, 5 mm [0.2 in.] of the gripping point, discard the result and test another specimen.
If such jaw breaks continue to occur, insert a jaw liner, such as an abrasive cloth, between the gripping surface and the specimen
in a manner that the liner extends beyond the grip edge where it comes in contact with the specimen.
11.8 Conduct this test procedure on two specimens from each laboratory sampling unit.
11.9 Breaking Force— Read the maximum force from the force-extension curve.
11.10 Elongation—Determine the elongation from the force-extension curve.
11.11 Yield Strength— Determine the yield strength by the 0.2 % offset method.
11.11.1 On the force-extension curve (see Fig. 1) that has been generated (see 11.7), lay off Om equal to the specified value of
the offset (0.2 % elongation): draw mn parallel to OA and locate r. This intersection of mn with the force-extension curve
corresponds to force R, that is the yield strength. Should the force-extension curve exhibit an initial nonlinear portion, extrapolate
from the straight line portion to the base line. This intersection is point 0 used in this section.
12. Calculation
12.1 Break Strength— Calculate the average breaking force for each laboratory sampling unit to the nearest 1 N [0.2 lbf], and
record this value as breaking strength.
12.2 Elongation at Break:
12.2.1 Calculate the elongation at break for each specimen from the force-extension curve to the nearest 0.1 %. Should the
force-extension curve exhibit an initial nonlinear portion, extrapolate from the straight line portion of the curve to the base line.
This intersection is the point of origin for the elongation determination. The extension from this point to the force at the point of
rupture is the total elongation.
12.2.2 Calculate the average elongation at break for each laboratory sampling unit.
12.3 Yield Strength— Calculate the average yield strength from each laboratory sampling unit as directed in Section 11.11.1 to
the nearest 1 N [0.2 lbf[.
13. Report
13.1 State that the tests were performed as directed in these test methods (D6320) for breaking strength, elongation at break and
yield strength. Describe the material or product tested.
FIG. 1 Force-Extension Curve for Determination of Yield Strength by the Offset Method
D6320/D6320M − 10 (2014)
13.2 Report the following information:
13.2.1 The test results of each specimen and the laboratory sample average. Calculate and report any other data agreed to
between the purchaser and the supplier,
13.2.2 Type of tensile test machine, machine number (if applicable), and rate of extension,
13.2.3 Whether specimens were heat aged or not,
13.2.4 Any deviation from the standard test procedure, and
13.2.5 Date of test and operator.
14. Precision and Bias
2 2
14.1 Precision—0.30 mm HT [high tensile: 2750 MN/m to 3050 MN/m ] brass plated hose wire was tested. The single
operator repeatability standard deviation for breaking force has been determined to be 8.24N. The single operator repeatability
standard deviation for yield strength has been determined to be 5.24 N. The single operator repeatability standard deviation for
elongation has been determined to be 0.14 %. The reproducibility of this test method is being determined and will be available
before 2005.
14.2 Bias—The tensile property procedures of these test methods have no bias, because these properties can be defined only in
terms of a test method.
KNOT STRENGTH
15. Scope
15.1 This section describes the test procedure to determine the knot test characteristic of hydraulic hose wire with a diameter
less than or equal to 0.82 mm [0.032 in.]. In practice, the knot test is most suitable for wires less than 0.50 mm [0.020 in.].
16. Significance and Use
16.1 Complex stress and strain conditions sensitive to variation in materials occur in wire specimens during knot strength
testing. The knot strength test is a useful tool in assessing wire ductility as defective wire lowers knot strength.
17. Apparatus
17.1 Tensile Test Machine, CRE-type and grips as described in Section 10. Electronic recording and computing equipment is
optional.
18. Procedure
18.1 Select a proper force-scale range on the tensile testing machine based upon the estimated breaking force of the specimen
being tested.
18.2 If specified, the knot strength test may be carried out after aging for 1 h 6 5 min at 150 6 5°C [300 6 9°F].
18.3 Adjust the distance between the grips of the tensile testing machine, nip to nip, to a gage length of 250 mm [10 in.] 6
0.5 %.
18.4 Form a simple loop (overhand) knot in the middle zone of the test piece as shown in Fig. 2.
FIG. 2 Overhand Knot, (a) As Tied and (b) As Tightened During the Test
D6320/D6320M − 10 (2014)
18.5 Center the knot between the grips. Secure one end of the specimen in the upper grip sufficiently to prevent slippage during
testing. While keeping the specimen taut, place and secure the other end in the lower grip.
18.6
...
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