ASTM A439/A439M-18(2022)

Standard Specification for Austenitic Ductile Iron Castings

ABSTRACT
This specification covers austenitic ductile iron castings used for their resistance to heat, corrosion and wear. The castings shall be melt processed using cupolas, air furnaces, electric furnaces or crucible furnaces. The iron castings shall undergo magnetic permeability test. Samples taken from test coupons, broken test specimens, or castings shall conform to the required chemical compositions of carbon, silicon, manganese, phosphorus, nickel and chromium. Mechanical tests shall be performed wherein the iron casting specimens shall conform to the required values of tensile strength, yield strength, elongation and Brinell hardness.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers austenitic ductile iron castings, which are used primarily for their resistance to heat, corrosion, and wear, and for other special purposes.  
1.2 Austenitic ductile iron, also known as austenitic nodular iron or austenitic spheroidal iron, is characterized by having its graphite substantially in a spheroidal form and substantially free of flake graphite. It contains some carbides and sufficient alloy content to produce an austenitic structure.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2022
• ICS: 77.140.80 - Iron and steel castings
• Technical Committee: A04 - Iron Castings
• Drafting Committee: A04.02 - Malleable and Ductile Iron Castings

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: A439/A439M −18 (Reapproved 2022)
Standard Specification for
1
Austenitic Ductile Iron Castings
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA439/A439M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope E30 Test Methods for ChemicalAnalysis of Steel, Cast Iron,
3
Open-Hearth Iron, and Wrought Iron (Withdrawn 1995)
1.1 This specification covers austenitic ductile iron castings,
E59 Practice for Sampling Steel and Iron for Determination
which are used primarily for their resistance to heat, corrosion,
3
of Chemical Composition (Withdrawn 1996)
and wear, and for other special purposes.
E351 Test Methods for ChemicalAnalysis of Cast Iron—All
1.2 Austenitic ductile iron, also known as austenitic nodular
Types
iron or austenitic spheroidal iron, is characterized by having its
graphite substantially in a spheroidal form and substantially
3. Ordering Information
free of flake graphite. It contains some carbides and sufficient
3.1 Orders for material to this specification shall include the
alloy content to produce an austenitic structure.
following information:
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
3.1.1 ASTM designation,
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
3.1.2 Type of austenitic ductile iron required (see 6.1),
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
3.1.3 Heat treatment options (see 4.3 – 4.6),
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
3.1.4 If repair of castings is permitted (see 4.7),
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
3.1.5 Size and number of test bars required (see 9.1 – 9.4
with the standard.
and 10.1),
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor- 3.1.6 Special tests, if required (see 12.1),
3.1.7 Certification, if required (see 14.1), and
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the 3.1.8 Different preparation for delivery requirements, if
needed (see 15.1).
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4. Manufacture
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4.1 Melting may be done in any furnaces that produce
2. Referenced Documents
castings meeting the chemical and mechanical requirements
2
outlined in this specification. These include cupolas, air
2.1 ASTM Standards:
furnaces, electric furnaces, crucible furnaces, and so forth.
A247 Test Method for Evaluating the Microstructure of
Nodularizing and inoculation practice shall be optional with
Graphite in Iron Castings
the foundry to produce a microstructure in accordance with 1.2
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
and Test Method A247.
of Steel Products
E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-
4.2 Austenitic ductile iron castings may be supplied in
terials
either the as-cast or the heat-treated condition.
E10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials
4.3 By agreement between the manufacturer and the
purchaser, the castings may be stress relieved by heating to
1150 to 1200 °F [620 to 650 °C] for not less than 1 h and not
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A04 on Iron
for more than 2 h per inch [25 mm] of thickness in the thickest
Castings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A04.02 on Malleable and
section. Heating and cooling shall be uniform and shall not be
Ductile Iron Castings.
more than 400 °F⁄h [220 °C⁄h] for castings less than 1 in.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2022. Published October 2022. Originally
approved in 1960. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as A439/A439M – 18.
[25 mm] in maximum thickness and shall be not more than
DOI: 10.1520/A0439_A0439M-18R22.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A439/A439M − 18 (2022)
400 °F⁄h [220 °C⁄h] divided by the maximum sectio
...