ASTM D6045-09

Standard Test Method for Color of Petroleum Products by the Automatic Tristimulus Method

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Determination of the color of petroleum products is used mainly for manufacturing control purposes and is an important quality characteristic because color is readily observed by the user of the product. In some cases the color may serve as an indication of the degree of refinement of the material. When the color range of a particular product is known, a variation outside the established range may indicate possible contamination with another product. However, color is not always a reliable guide to product quality and should not be used indiscriminately in product specifications.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the automatic determination of color of a wide variety of petroleum products such as undyed motor and aviation gasoline, aviation turbine fuels, naphthas, kerosine, pharmaceutical white oils, diesel fuel oils, heating oils, and lubricating oils by the automatic tristimulus method. This test method correlates to Test Method D156 and Test Method D1500 as calculated by the instrumentation.
Note 1—With the appropriate sample handling, this test method would apply to petroleum waxes, but they were not used in the round robin, and the precision of this test method with regard to waxes is unknown.  
1.2 This test method reports results in terms of Test Method D156 or Test Method D1500.
1.3 This test method has a one-to-one correlation for the entire range of Test Method D1500 ASTM Color and for the range from 0 to +30 for Test Method D156 Saybolt color.
1.4 This test method does not apply to solid samples, petroleum products containing dye, and petroleum products having extreme fluorescence.
1.5 This test method does not apply to cloudy samples. Such samples shall be filtered so they are clear before measuring.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2009
• ICS: 75.080 - Petroleum products in general
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.05.0C - Color and Reactivity

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D6045 − 09
StandardTest Method for
Color of Petroleum Products by the Automatic Tristimulus
1
Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6045; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D1500Test Method forASTM Color of Petroleum Products
(ASTM Color Scale)
1.1 This test method covers the automatic determination of
D2500Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products
color of a wide variety of petroleum products such as undyed
D4057Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
motor and aviation gasoline, aviation turbine fuels, naphthas,
Petroleum Products
kerosine, pharmaceutical white oils, diesel fuel oils, heating
E284Terminology of Appearance
oils, and lubricating oils by the automatic tristimulus method.
E308PracticeforComputingtheColorsofObjectsbyUsing
This test method correlates to Test Method D156 and Test
the CIE System
Method D1500 as calculated by the instrumentation.
2.2 Energy Institute Standard:
NOTE1—Withtheappropriatesamplehandling,thistestmethodwould
3
IP 17Determination of Colour—Lovibond Tintometer
apply to petroleum waxes, but they were not used in the round robin, and
the precision of this test method with regard to waxes is unknown.
3. Terminology
1.2 This test method reports results in terms ofTest Method
D156 or Test Method D1500. 3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 ASTM color—the name of an empirical scale of
1.3 This test method has a one-to-one correlation for the
expressing the color of a petroleum liquid darker than Saybolt
entire range of Test Method D1500 ASTM Color and for the
color based on a scale of 0.5 (lightest) to 8.0 Dil (darkest) and
range from 0 to+30 for Test Method D156 Saybolt color.
determined by Test Method D1500.
1.4 This test method does not apply to solid samples,
3.1.2 CIE—the abbreviation for the French title of the
petroleum products containing dye, and petroleum products
International Commission on Illumination, or Commission
having extreme fluorescence.
Internationale de l’Eclairage. E284
1.5 Thistestmethoddoesnotapplytocloudysamples.Such
3.1.3 CIE Standard Illuminant C—Colorimetric illuminant,
samples shall be filtered so they are clear before measuring.
representing daylight with a correlated color temperature of
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
6774 K, defined by the CIE in terms of a relative spectral
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
power distribution. E284
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- 3.1.4 CIE 1931 standard observer—ideal colorimetric ob-
server with color matching functions x(λ), y(λ), z(λ) corre-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
spondingtoafieldofviewsubtendinga2°angleontheretina;
2. Referenced Documents
commonly called the “2° Standard Observer.” E284
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.5 Saybolt color—the name of an empirical scale for
D156Test Method for Saybolt Color of Petroleum Products
expressing of the color of a clear petroleum liquid based on a
(Saybolt Chromometer Method)
scale of−16 (darkest) to+30 (lightest) and determined byTest
Method D156.
1 3.1.6 tristimulus values—The amounts of three specified
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum
ProductsandLubricantsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD02.05on stimuli required to match a color.
Properties of Fuels, Petroleum Coke and Carbon Material.
3.1.6.1 Discussion—In the CIE system, they are assigned
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2009. Published February 2010. Originally
the symbols X, Y, and Z. E284
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D6045–04. DOI:
10.1520/D6045-09.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Methods for Analysis Testing, available from Energy Institute, 61 New
the ASTM website. Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR, U.K.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright ©ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6045 − 09
4. Summary of Test Method automatically computing ASTM color or Saybolt values, or
both (see Section 12).
4.1 The sample is poured into the glass sample container,
6.1.3 Sample Cell—Sample cell shall be clean, clear, color-
and the container is placed into the light path of th
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D6045–04 Designation: D6045 – 09
Standard Test Method for
Color of Petroleum Products by the Automatic Tristimulus
1
Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6045; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 Thistestmethodcoverstheautomaticdeterminationofcolorofawidevarietyofpetroleumproductssuchasundyedmotor
and aviation gasoline, aviation turbine fuels, naphthas, kerosine, pharmaceutical white oils, diesel fuel oils, heating oils, and
lubricating oils by the automatic tristimulus method.This test method correlates toTest Method D156 andTest Method D1500 as
calculated by the instrumentation.
NOTE 1—With the appropriate sample handling, this test method would apply to petroleum waxes, but they were not used in the round robin, and the
precision of this test method with regard to waxes is unknown.
1.2 This test method reports results in terms of Test Method D156 or Test Method D1500.
1.3 This test method has a one-to-one correlation for the entire range of Test Method D1500 ASTM Color and for the range
from 0 to+30 for Test Method D156 Saybolt color.
1.4 This test method does not apply to solid samples, petroleum products containing dye, and petroleum products having
extreme fluorescence.
1.5 This test method does not apply to cloudy samples. Such samples shall be filtered so they are clear before measuring.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D156 Test Method for Saybolt Color of Petroleum Products (Saybolt Chromometer Method)
D1500 Test Method for ASTM Color of Petroleum Products (ASTM Color Scale)
D2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
E284 Terminology of Appearance
E308 Practice for Computing the Colors of Objects by Using the CIE System
2.2 Energy Institute Standard:
3
IP 17 Determination of Colour—Lovibond Tintometer
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 ASTM color—the name of an empirical scale of expressing of the color of a petroleum liquid darker than Saybolt color
based on a scale of 0.5 (lightest) to 8.0 Dil (darkest) and determined by Test Method D1500.
3.1.2 CIE—theabbreviationfortheFrenchtitleoftheInternationalCommissiononIllumination,orCommissionInternationale
de l’Eclairage. E284
3.1.3 CIE Standard Illuminant C—Colorimetric illuminant, representing daylight with a correlated color temperature of 6774
K, defined by the CIE in terms of a relative spectral power distribution. E284
3.1.4 CIE 1931 standard observer—ideal colorimetric observer with color matching functions x(l), y(l), z(l) corresponding
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.05 on
Properties of Fuels, Petroleum Coke and Carbon Material.
Current edition approved Nov.Dec. 1, 2004.2009. Published November 2004.February 2010. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 20022004
as D6045–02.D6045–04. DOI: 10.1520/D6045-049.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,[e-mail] Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Methods for Analysis Testing, available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR, U.K.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright ©ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6045 – 09
to a field of view subtending a 2° angle on the retina; commonly called the “2° Standard Observer.” E284
3.1.5 Saybolt color—the name of an empirical scale for expressing of the color of a clear petroleum liquid based on a scale
of−16 (darkest) to+30 (lightest) and determined by Test Method D156.
3.1.6 tristimulus values—The amounts of three specified stimuli required to match a color.
3.1.6.1 Discussion—In
...