ASTM D2158-97e1
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Residues in Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases
Standard Test Method for Residues in Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the extraneous materials weathering above 38°C that are present in liquefied petroleum gases.
1.2 Liquefied petroleum gases that contain alcohols to enhance their anti-icing behaviour can give erroneous results by this test method.
1.3 The result can be expressed in terms of measured volumes or indices derived from these volumes. In either case, the test method provides an indication of the quantity and nature of materials in the product that are substantially less volatile than the liquefied petroleum gas hydrocarbons.
1.4 Although this test method has been used to verify cleanliness and lack of heavy contaminants in propane for many years, it may not be sensitive enough to protect some equipment from operational problems or increased maintenance. A more sensitive test, able to detect lower levels of dissolved contaminants, may be required for some applications.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see 6.9.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
e1
Designation: D 2158 – 97 An American National Standard
Designation: 317/95
Standard Test Method for
1
Residues in Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2158; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
e NOTE—Table 1 was added editorially in November 1999.
3
1. Scope E 1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers
2.2 Other Documents:
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the extra-
4
IP Appendix A
neous materials weathering above 38°C that are present in
liquefied petroleum gases.
3. Terminology
1.2 Liquefied petroleum gases that contain alcohols to
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
enhance their anti-icing behaviour can give erroneous results
3.1.1 residue—the volume, measured to the nearest 0.05
by this test method.
mL, of the residual material boiling above 38°C resulting from
1.3 The result can be expressed in terms of measured
the evaporation of 100 mL of sample under the specified
volumes or indices derived from these volumes. In either case,
conditions of this test method.
the test method provides an indication of the quantity and
3.1.2 R Number —the residue multiplied by 200.
nature of materials in the product that are substantially less
3.1.3 oil stain observation—the volume of solvent-residue
volatile than the liquefied petroleum gas hydrocarbons.
mixture required to yield an oil ring that persists for 2 min
1.4 Although this test method has been used to verify
under specified conditions on a prescribed filter paper.
cleanliness and lack of heavy contaminants in propane for
3.1.4 O Number —10 divided by the oil stain observation.
many years, it may not be sensitive enough to protect some
equipment from operational problems or increased mainte-
4. Summary of Test Method
nance. A more sensitive test, able to detect lower levels of
4.1 A 100-mL sample of liquefied petroleum gas is weath-
dissolved contaminants, may be required for some applica-
ered in a 100-mL centrifuge tube. The volume of residue
tions.
remaining at 38°C is measured and recorded as is also the
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
appearance of a filter paper to which the residue has been
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
added in measured increments.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5. Significance and Use
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
5.1 Control over the residue content (required by Specifica-
precautionary statements, see 6.9.
tion D 1835) is of considerable importance in end-use appli-
cations. In liquid feed systems residues may lead to trouble-
2. Referenced Documents
some deposits and, in vapor offtake systems, residues that are
2.1 ASTM Standards:
carried over can foul regulating equipment. Those that remain
D 96 Test Methods for Water and Sediment in Crude Oil by
will accumulate, can be corrosive, and will contaminate
2
Centrifuge Method (Field Procedure)
following product. Water, particularly if alkaline, can cause
D 1796 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Fuel Oils by
failure of regulating equipment and corrosion of metals.
2
the Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure)
2
D 1835 Specification for Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases
6. Apparatus
6.1 Centrifuge Tube, 100-mL graduated, conforming to
dimensions given in Fig. 1. The first 0.5 mL shall be graduated
1
in 0.05-mL increments. The shape of the lower tip of the tube
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-2 on
Petroleum Products and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
is especially important. The taper shall be uniform and the
D02.Hon Liquid Petroleum Gas.
Current edition approved Nov. 10, 1997. Published June 1998. Originally
3
published as D 2158 – 63 T. Last previous edition D 2158 – 92. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.03.
2 4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01. Available from Institute of Petroleum, 61 Cavendish St., London, NIM 8AR.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D 2158
appear in Test Methods D 96 and D 1796.
6.2 Cooling Coil, a minimum length of6mof5to 7-mm
outside diameter copper tubing wound to a diameter of 63.5 6
1.5 mm outside diameter, and assembled in a suitable cooling
bath. (See Fig. 2.)
NOTE 1—Mechanical refrigeration is permitted provided that the cool-
ant temperature is in the range from −46 to −48°C.
6.3 Syringe, 2-mL (ordinary medical
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.