75.160.30 - Gaseous fuels
ICS 75.160.30 Details
Gaseous fuels
Gasformige Brennstoffe
Combustibles gazeux
Plinska goriva
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This document defines a gas chromatographic analysis for the determination of the composition of fuel gases, as used in refinery heating gas. These results are used to calculate the carbon content and the lower calorific value.
With this gas chromatographic analysis, an overall of 23 refinery heating gas components are determined in concentrations as typically found in refineries (see Table 1 for further details).
Water is not analysed. The results represent dry gases.
NOTE 1 Depending on the equipment used, there is a possibility to determine higher hydrocarbons as well.
NOTE 2 For the purposes of this document, the terms “% (V/V)” is used to represent the volume fraction (φ).
IMPORTANT — This document does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations.
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This European Standard specifies the requirements for the installation of liquefied petroleum gas systems for habitation purposes in leisure accommodation vehicles and for accommodation purposes in other vehicles. It details safety and health requirements on the selection of materials, components and appliances, on design considerations and tightness testing of installations and on the contents of the user's handbook.
This European Standard does not cover installations supplied from other than 3rd family gases (LPG), water connections or electrical power supplies to the appliance(s). Portable appliances, incorporating their own gas supply, are not considered part of the installation and are outside the scope of this standard. It does not include the installation of LPG appliances to be used for commercial purposes or for boats. Gas supply equipment and gas appliances separate from and external to the body of the vehicle are also not considered by this standard.
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This draft European Standard defines a gas chromatographic analysis for the determination of the composition of fuel gases, as used in refinery heating gas. These results are used to calculate the carbon content and the lower calorific value.
With this gas chromatographic analysis, an overall of 23 refinery heating gas components are determined in concentrations as typically found in refineries (see Table 1 for further details).
Water is not analyzed. The results represent dry gases.
NOTE 1 Depending on the equipment used, there is a possibility to determine higher hydrocarbons as well.
NOTE 2 For the purposes of this draft European Standard, the terms "% (V/V)" is used to represent the volume fraction (φ).
IMPORTANT - This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations.
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This document specifies the quality requirements for Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) used as a fuel for marine applications. It defines the relevant parameters to measure as well as the required values and the test reference methods for all those parameters.
This document applies to LNG from any source, e.g. gas from conventional reservoirs, shale gas, coalbed methane, biomethane, synthetic methane. LNG described in this document can come from synthesis process out of fossil fuels or renewable sources.
This document identifies the required specifications for fuels delivered at the time and place of custody transfer (at the delivery point).
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This document will specify the requirements for LNG for use as a fuel in marine engines. It will define the required values for all relevant parameters and the test method for each of these parameters
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This document specifies the quality requirements for Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) used as a fuel for marine applications. It defines the relevant parameters to measure as well as the required values and the test reference methods for all those parameters. This document applies to LNG from any source, e.g. gas from conventional reservoirs, shale gas, coalbed methane, biomethane, synthetic methane. LNG described in this document can come from synthesis process out of fossil fuels or renewable sources. This document identifies the required specifications for fuels delivered at the time and place of custody transfer (at the delivery point).
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This document provides guidance to support organizations with the implementation of the European standards on CNG and LNG stations for fuelling vehicles (i.e. EN-ISO 16923:2018 and EN-ISO 16924:2018, respectively).
This document cross-references European standards to the international standards listed in EN-ISO 16923:2018 and EN-ISO 16924:2018 and links these standards to relevant European Directives, where applicable.
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This document specifies a wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) test method for the determination of the sulfur content of liquid, homogeneous automotive fuels from 5 mg/kg to 500 mg/kg, which have a maximum oxygen content of 3,7 % (m/m). This product range covers:
— diesel fuels containing up to about 30 % (V/V) fatty acid methyl esters (FAME),
— motor gasolines containing up to about 10 % (V/V) ethanol,
— synthetic fuels such as hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) and gas to liquid (GTL) having sulfur contents in the range of 5 mg/kg to 45 mg/kg.
Products with higher oxygen content show significant matrix effects, e.g. pure FAME used as biodiesel, nevertheless, pure FAME can be analysed when the corresponding procedures are followed (see 5.3 and 8.1).
Other products can be analysed with this test method, though precision data for products other than those mentioned have not been established for this document.
NOTE 1 Sulfur contents higher than 500 mg/kg can be determined after sample dilution, however, the precision was not established for diluted samples.
NOTE 2 For the purposes of this document, "% (m/m)" and "% (V/V)" are used to represent the mass fraction, w, and the volume fraction, φ, of a material respectively.
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This document specifies an ultraviolet (UV) fluorescence test method for the determination of the sulfur content of the following products:
— having sulfur contents in the range 3 mg/kg to 500 mg/kg,
— motor gasolines containing up to 3,7 % (m/m) oxygen [including those blended with ethanol up to about 10 % (V/V)],
— diesel fuels, including those containing up to about 30 % (V/V) fatty acid methyl ester (FAME),
— having sulfur contents in the range of 3 mg/kg to 45 mg/kg,
— synthetic fuels, such as hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) and gas to liquid (GTL).
Other products can be analysed and other sulfur contents can be determined according to this test method, however, no precision data for products other than automotive fuels and for results outside the specified range have been established for this document. Halogens interfere with this detection technique at concentrations above approximately 3 500 mg/kg.
NOTE 1 Some process catalysts used in petroleum and chemical refining can be poisoned when trace amounts of sulfur-bearing materials are contained in the feedstocks.
NOTE 2 This test method can be used to determine sulfur in process feeds and can also be used to control sulfur in effluents.
NOTE 3 For the purposes of this document, "% (m/m)" and "% (V/V)" are used to represent the mass fraction, w, and the volume fraction, φ, of a material respectively.
NOTE 4 Sulfate species in ethanol do not have the same conversion factor of organic sulfur in ethanol. Nevertheless, sulfates have a conversion factor close to that of organic sulfur.
NOTE 5 Nitrogen interference can occur, see 6.5 for further guidance.
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This document specifies a wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) test method for the determination of the sulfur content of liquid, homogeneous automotive fuels from 5 mg/kg to 500 mg/kg, which have a maximum oxygen content of 3,7 % (m/m). This product range covers: — diesel fuels containing up to about 30 % (V/V) fatty acid methyl esters (FAME), — motor gasolines containing up to about 10 % (V/V) ethanol, — synthetic fuels such as hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) and gas to liquid (GTL) having sulfur contents in the range of 5 mg/kg to 45 mg/kg. Products with higher oxygen content show significant matrix effects, e.g. pure FAME used as biodiesel, nevertheless, pure FAME can be analysed when the corresponding procedures are followed (see 5.3 and 8.1). Other products can be analysed with this test method, though precision data for products other than those mentioned have not been established for this document. NOTE 1 Sulfur contents higher than 500 mg/kg can be determined after sample dilution, however, the precision was not established for diluted samples. NOTE 2 For the purposes of this document, "% (m/m)" and "% (V/V)" are used to represent the mass fraction, w, and the volume fraction, φ, of a material respectively.
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This document specifies an ultraviolet (UV) fluorescence test method for the determination of the sulfur content of the following products: — having sulfur contents in the range 3 mg/kg to 500 mg/kg, — motor gasolines containing up to 3,7 % (m/m) oxygen [including those blended with ethanol up to about 10 % (V/V)], — diesel fuels, including those containing up to about 30 % (V/V) fatty acid methyl ester (FAME), — having sulfur contents in the range of 3 mg/kg to 45 mg/kg, — synthetic fuels, such as hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) and gas to liquid (GTL). Other products can be analysed and other sulfur contents can be determined according to this test method, however, no precision data for products other than automotive fuels and for results outside the specified range have been established for this document. Halogens interfere with this detection technique at concentrations above approximately 3 500 mg/kg. NOTE 1 Some process catalysts used in petroleum and chemical refining can be poisoned when trace amounts of sulfur-bearing materials are contained in the feedstocks. NOTE 2 This test method can be used to determine sulfur in process feeds and can also be used to control sulfur in effluents. NOTE 3 For the purposes of this document, "% (m/m)" and "% (V/V)" are used to represent the mass fraction, w, and the volume fraction, φ, of a material respectively. NOTE 4 Sulfate species in ethanol do not have the same conversion factor of organic sulfur in ethanol. Nevertheless, sulfates have a conversion factor close to that of organic sulfur. NOTE 5 Nitrogen interference can occur, see 6.5 for further guidance.
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Ta nacionalni standard določa zahtevane lastnosti utekočinjenega naftnega plina – komercialne
mešanice propan-butan in dodatne podatke, ki jih mora zagotoviti proizvajalec. Zahtevane lastnosti se
nanašajo na uporabo proizvoda v gospodinjstvu in splošni uporabi. Ta standard se ne uporablja za
utekočinjeni naftni plin, ki se uporablja kot gorivo za motorna vozila.
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This document explains an approach for assessment of limit values for contaminants that may be found in biomethane. Limit values are generally required as an adjunct to a biomethane specification (such as parts 1 and 2 of EN 16723, or an equivalent National specification) or as part of a Network Entry Agreement for injection of biomethane into gas networks.
The methodology employed will permit derivation of limit values based solely on consideration of potential for impact on human health and does not consider other impacts, such as integrity and operation of plant and pipelines used to convey biomethane or appliances involved in its combustion or other regulations like CLP regulation. Where consideration of such impacts would result in proposing lower limit values than those based on health impacts, then the lowest limit values should generally be proposed.
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This European Standard specifies the requirements and test methods for natural gas (group L and H, as in EN 437), biomethane and blends of both at the point of use as automotive fuels.
This European Standard applies to the previously mentioned fuels irrespective of the storage state (compressed or liquefied).
To check compliance with some requirements set by the standard, LNG or liquefied biomethane should be re-gasified prior to testing.
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This International Standard covers the installation of permanently installed liquefied petroleum gas
LPG systems and LPG burning appliances on small craft of up to 24 m length of hull.
It does not cover devices used for LPG-fuelled propulsion engines or LPG-driven generators.
This International Standard covers cooking appliances with internal LPG cartridges, with a capacity of
225 g or less (See Annex D).
It covers storage of all LPG cylinders but is not intended to regulate the technical requirements for such
cylinders that are subject to national regulations
It does not contain procedures for commissioning the LPG installation.
NOTE New designs, materials and methods of assembly giving at least equivalent results can be considered
to be complying with the requirements of this International Standard when approved by a relevant body.
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Revision of test method to cover safety concerns and updating to current state of the art.
This European Standard specifies a method for determining the dissolved residual matter in liquefied petroleum gases (LPG), in the range of 40 mg/kg to 100 mg/kg. Higher concentrations can be determined by adjusting the sample size.
The dissolved residue is the amount of organic compounds that are detectable by gas chromatography after evaporation of the sample at ambient temperature and then in an oven at 105 °C.
This method is not suitable for detecting solid materials or for possibly high molecular weight polymers
(> 1 000 g).
The advantages of this method are that a small quantity of LPG (50 g to 75 g) is required and the qualitative data available may indicate the origin of the residues (gas-oil, lubricants, plasticizers, etc.).
This method has been developed as a potential replacement of the commonly used method described in EN ISO 13757 [1], but is safer and more environmentally friendly. In addition, this new method is more accurate.
The precision data of the method have been determined from 20 mg/kg to 100 mg/kg. For a higher content of residue, the precision has not been tested, but remains of lesser interest as typical specifications are in the range of 20 mg/kg to 100 mg/kg.
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This Standard specifies a method, for determining the residual matter in liquefied petroleum gases (LPG), which remains after evaporation at 105 °C. This material represents those products deposited in car LPG vaporizers that are subject to a temperature equal to or greater than the boiling temperature of water. The range of determination extends from 50 mg/kg to 100 mg/kg. Higher concentrations can be determined by adjusting the sample size.
The precision data of the method have been determined from 20 mg/kg to 100 mg/kg, with samples amount from 100 g to 50 g.
This method has been developed as a potential replacement of the commonly used method EN ISO 13757 [1], The advantages of the method are that a small quantity of LPG (100 ml) is required.
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This standard specifies the requirements and test methods for natural gas, biomethane and blends of both at the point of use as automotive fuels.
This standard applies to the previously mentioned fuels irrespective of the storage state (compressed or liquefied).
NOTE: to check compliance with some requirements set by the standard, LNG or liquefied biomethane has to be re-gasified prior to testing.
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This International Standard specifies required characteristics and additional information to be supplied to the purchaser by the vendor of those products commonly referred to as liquefied petroleum gases (see ISO 8216-3) and is intended to apply to international transfers of commercial propane and commercial butane. This International Standard is neither intended nor expected to replace or encroach upon national standards of any country, since each country is subject to different regulations, codes, industry practices and market utilization.
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This European Standard specifies a method for the determination of the dissolved residual matter, also known as evaporation residue, in liquefied petroleum gases (LPG), by gas chromatography in the range of (10 to 600) mg/kg (ppm mass). This test method quantifies soluble organic compounds (hydrocarbon materials), sometimes called ‘evaporation residue’, which can be present in liquefied petroleum gases and which are substantially less volatile than the LPG product, i.e. with a boiling point between 174 °C and 522 °C (C10 to C40). Higher boiling materials, or materials that adhere permanently to the chromatographic column, will not be detected.
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ISO 9162:2013 specifies required characteristics and additional information to be supplied to the purchaser by the vendor of those products commonly referred to as liquefied petroleum gases (see ISO 8216‑3) and is intended to apply to international transfers of commercial propane and commercial butane. ISO 9162:2013 is neither intended nor expected to replace or encroach upon national standards of any country since each country is subject to different regulations, codes, industry practices and market utilization.
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The aim of ISO 15403-1:2006 is to provide manufacturers, vehicle operators, fuelling station operators and others involved in the compressed-natural-gas vehicle industry with information on the fuel quality for natural gas vehicles (NGVs) required to develop and operate compressed-natural-gas vehicle equipment successfully.
Fuel meeting the requirements of ISO 15403-1:2006 should provide for the safe operation of the vehicle and associated equipment needed for its fuelling and maintenance, protect the fuel system from the detrimental effects of corrosion, poisoning, and liquid or solid deposition and provide satisfactory vehicle performance under any and all conditions of climate and driving demands.
Some aspects of ISO 15403-1:2006 may also be applicable for the use of natural gas in stationary combustion engines.
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This test method covers the use of a pressure cylinder to determine the presence of free water in liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) by visual inspection below 0 °C.The LPG sample, in condition of saturated vapour pressure and containing dissolved water and / or free water, is clear and does not become cloudy making difficult to distinguish the two phases.As both LPG and water are colorless, it is rather difficult to observe a separation between the two liquid surfaces, only using a transparent container and under optimal lighting conditions it could be realized. Alternatively, the visibility of the water can be improved if it is frozen. In fact, ice is far less transparent than water and can be better observed.
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ISO - Taking over ISO Corrigendum
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ISO - Taking over ISO Corrigendum
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ISO 20847:2004 specifies an energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) test method for the determination of the sulfur content of motor gasolines, including those containing up to 2,7 % (m/m) oxygen, and of diesel fuels, including those containing up to 5 % (V/V) fatty acid methylester (FAME), having sulfur contents in the range 30 mg/kg to 500 mg/kg. Other products may be analysed and other sulfur contents may be determined according to this test method, however, no precision data for products other than automotive fuels and for results outside the specified range have been established for ISO 20847:2004. For reasons of spectral overlap, ISO 20847:2004 is not applicable to leaded motor gasolines, lead-replacement gasolines containing 8 mg/kg potassium to 20 mg/kg potassium, or to products and feedstocks containing lead, silicon, phosporus, calcium, potassium or halides at concentrations greater than one-tenth of the concentration of sulfur measured.
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This European Standard specifies the minimum requirements for the contents of the user manual for Automotive LPG propulsion systems fitted in road vehicles.
This standard does not cover the user manual for forklift trucks or other industrial machinery.
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Migrated from Progress Sheet (TC Comment) (2000-07-10): new Tc forecast in BP bli (991022)
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Migrated from Progress Sheet (TC Comment) (2000-07-10): new Tc forecast in BP bli (991022)
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This International Standard describes a simplified method for the calculation of density and vapour pressure of
liquefied petroleum gases (LPG) based on compositional data and density and vapour pressure factors for
individual LPG components. A list of factors is provided in this International Standard. This method is intended for
application in specifications of product quality and is not intended for application to quantity measurement in custody
transfer (see IS0 6578).
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Describes a method for the determination of the corrosiveness to copper of liquefied petroleum gases (LPG).
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The purpose of this part of EN 720 is to define the properties of gases on the basis of four main physical - chemical criteria, i.e. fire potential, toxicity, state of gas and corrosiveness for the purpose of the selection of suitable valve outlets.
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Migrated from Progress Sheet (TC Comment) (2000-07-10): Decision of BT to submit this ISO document to UAP procedure. ++ AWAITING FOR ISO RESULT
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Describes a method for the determination of the corrosiveness to copper of liquefied petroleum gases (LPG).
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Specifies a procedure for the detection of hydrogen sulfide. The lower limit of detectability is 4 mg of hydrogen sulfide in 1 m^3 of gas. Methyl mercaptan, if present, produces a transistory yellow stain on the lead acetate paper which, however, fades completely in less than 5 min. Other sulfur compounds present in the gas do not interfere with the test.
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The method specified applies to the quantitative determination of hydrocarbons in liquefied petroleum gas, excluding components whose concentrations are below O,1 % (m/m). It is applicable to the analysis of propane, butane and their commercial mixtures which may include saturated and unsaturated C2, C3, C4 and C5 hydrocarbons. It does not apply to "on-line" chromatography.
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This International Standard describes a procedure for the assessment of whether liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) hydrocarbons consisting predominantly of propane and/or propene are sufficiently dry to avoid difficulties in pressure-reducing systems installed in domestic, industrial and automotive LPG applications. The test is a functional pass or fail test in which the behaviour of the product is assessed in a specially designed and calibrated pressure-reducing system.
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