ASTM E1961-06
(Practice)Standard Practice for Mechanized Ultrasonic Testing of Girth Welds Using Zonal Discrimination with Focused Search Units
Standard Practice for Mechanized Ultrasonic Testing of Girth Welds Using Zonal Discrimination with Focused Search Units
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice is intended primarily for the mechanized ultrasonic examination of pipe girth welds used in the construction of gas and oil pipelines. This practice, with appropriate modifications due to changes in weld profile, may also be used to examine repaired welds. Manual techniques such as described in Practice E 164 may also be used to examine production or repaired welds. This practice, with appropriate modifications, may also be used to examine other forms of butt welds including long seams.
Techniques used are to be based on zonal discrimination whereby the weld is divided into approximately equal vertical examination sections (zones) each being assessed by a pair of ultrasonic search units. See Fig. 1 for typical zones.
Thicknesses of material examined are normally 7 to 25 mm [0.28 to 1.00 in.] and pipe diameters 15 cm [6.0 in.] and greater but this standard may apply to other thicknesses and diameters if the techniques can be proven to provide the required zonal discrimination.
Examination zones are typically 2 to 3 mm [0.08 to 0.12 in.] in height. For most applications this will require the use of contact focused search units to avoid interfering signals originating from off-axis geometric reflectors and to avoid excessive overlap with adjacent zones.
FIG. 1 Schematic Representation of Weld Zones and Discontinuities
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the requirements for mechanized ultrasonic examination of girth welds. Evaluation is based upon the results of mechanized ultrasonic examination. Acceptance criteria are based upon flaw limits defined by an Engineering Critical Assessment (ECA) or other accept/reject criteria defined by the Contracting Agency.
1.2 This practice shall be applicable to the development of an examination procedure agreed upon between the users of this practice.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in brackets are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation: E1961 – 06
Standard Practice for
Mechanized Ultrasonic Testing of Girth Welds Using Zonal
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Discrimination with Focused Search Units
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1961; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope ASNT Practice SNT-TC-1A Personnel Qualification and
Certification in Nondestructive Testing
1.1 This practice covers the requirements for mechanized
ANSI/ASNT-CP-189 Standard for Qualification and Certi-
ultrasonic examination of girth welds. Evaluation is based
fication of Nondestructive Testing Personnel
upon the results of mechanized ultrasonic examination.Accep-
2.4 Military Standard:
tance criteria are based upon flaw limits defined by an
MIL-Std-410 Nondestructive Testing Personnel Qualifica-
Engineering Critical Assessment (ECA) or other accept/reject
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tion and Certification
criteria defined by the Contracting Agency.
2.5 API Standard:
1.2 This practice shall be applicable to the development of
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API STD–1104 Welding of Pipeline and Related Facilities
an examination procedure agreed upon between the users of
2.6 CSA Standard:
this practice.
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CSA Z-662 Oil and Gas Pipelines Systems
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard. The inch-pound units given in brackets are for
3. Terminology
information only.
3.1 Definitions:
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.1 Definitions relating to ultrasonic examination, that
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
appear in Terminology E1316 shall apply to the terms used in
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
this practice.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2.1 acceptance criteria—definition of acceptable/
2. Referenced Documents rejectable flaws as defined by an Engineering Critical Assess-
ment (ECA), such as defined in CSA-Z662 or API 1104, or
2.1 The following documents form a part of this practice to
workmanship criteria as defined by the contracting agency.
the extent specified herein:
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3.2.2 contract document—any document specified in the
2.2 ASTM Standards:
contractbetweenthecontractingagencyandcontractor,includ-
E164 Practice for Contact Ultrasonic Testing of Weldments
ing the purchase order, specification, drawings or other written
E317 Practice for Evaluating Performance Characteristics
material.
of Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo Testing Instruments and Systems
3.2.3 contracting agency—a government agency, prime
without the Use of Electronic Measurement Instruments
contractor or subcontractor procuring ultrasonic examination
E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
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services.
2.3 ASNT Standard:
3.2.4 contractor—the nondestructive examination contrac-
tor engaged by the contracting agency in work covered by this
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This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nonde-
practice.
structive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.06 on
3.2.5 mapping type presentations—an ultrasonic image pre-
Ultrasonic Method.
sentation whereby the digitizedA-scan signal is represented as
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2006. Published January 2007. Originally
´1
approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as E1961 - 98(2003) .
DOI: 10.1520/E1961-06.
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or AvailablefromStandardizationDocumentsOrderDesk,Bldg.4SectionD,700
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS
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Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, Northwest,
the ASTM website. Washington, DC 20005.
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Available fromTheAmerican Society for NondestructiveTesting (ASNT), P.O. Available from Canadian Standards Association, 178 Rexdale Boulevard,
Box 28518, 1711 Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518. Etobicoke, Ontario, Canada M9W 1R3.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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E1961 – 06
colors or grayscale for amplitude variation along one axis 5. Examination Methods
representing time of flight and the other axis is the sampling
5.1 Visual Examination—All welds shall be visually exam-
position, or the distance along the weld.
ined after completion and assessed in accordance with the
3.2.6 operator(s)—the term “opera
...
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