ASTM E1416-23

Standard Practice for Radioscopic Examination of Weldments

ABSTRACT
This test method covers a uniform procedure for radioscopic examination of weldments. Requirements expressed in this test method are intended to control the quality of the radioscopic images and are not intended for controlling acceptability or quality of welds. It applies only to the use of equipment for radioscopic examination in which the image is finally presented on a television monitor for operator evaluation. The examination may be recorded for later review. It does not apply to fully automated systems where evaluation is automatically performed by computer. Unless otherwise specified by the applicable job order or contract, radioscopic examination shall be performed in accordance with a written procedure which includes: material and thickness range to be examined; equipment to be used, including specifications of source parameters and imaging equipment parameters; examination geometry, including source-to-object distance, object-to-detector-distance and orientation; image quality indicator designation and placement; test-object scan plan, indicating the range of motions and manipulation speeds through which the test object shall be manipulated in order to ensure satisfactory results; image-processing parameters; image-display parameters; and image storage.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a uniform procedure for radioscopic examination of weldments. Requirements expressed in this practice are intended to control the quality of the radioscopic images and are not intended for controlling acceptability or quality of welds.  
1.2 This practice applies only to the use of equipment for radioscopic examination in which the image is finally presented on a display screen (monitor) for operator evaluation. The examination may be recorded for later review. It does not apply to fully automated systems where evaluation is automatically performed by computer.  
1.3 The radioscopic extent, the quality level, and the acceptance criteria to be applied shall be specified in the contract, purchase order, product specification, or drawings.  
1.4 This practice can be used for the detection of discontinuities. This practice also facilitates the examination of a weld from several directions, such as perpendicular to the weld surface and along both weld bevel angles. The radioscopic techniques described in this practice provide adequate assurance for defect detectability; however, it is recognized that, for special applications, specific techniques using more stringent requirements may be needed to provide additional detection capability. The use of specific radioscopic techniques shall be agreed upon between purchaser and supplier.  
1.5 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 7.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Jan-2023
• ICS: 25.160.40 - Welded joints and welds
• Technical Committee: E07 - Nondestructive Testing
• Drafting Committee: E07.01 - Radiology (X and Gamma) Method

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E1416 − 23
Standard Practice for
1
Radioscopic Examination of Weldments
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1416; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.1 This practice covers a uniform procedure for radio-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
scopic examination of weldments. Requirements expressed in
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
this practice are intended to control the quality of the radio-
scopic images and are not intended for controlling acceptability
2. Referenced Documents
or quality of welds.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.2 This practice applies only to the use of equipment for
E94 Guide for Radiographic Examination Using Industrial
radioscopic examination in which the image is finally pre-
Radiographic Film
sented on a display screen (monitor) for operator evaluation.
The examination may be recorded for later review. It does not E543 Specification for Agencies Performing Nondestructive
apply to fully automated systems where evaluation is automati- Testing
cally performed by computer.
E747 Practice for Design, Manufacture and Material Group-
ing Classification of Wire Image Quality Indicators (IQI)
1.3 The radioscopic extent, the quality level, and the accep-
Used for Radiology
tance criteria to be applied shall be specified in the contract,
E1000 Guide for Radioscopy
purchase order, product specification, or drawings.
E1025 Practice for Design, Manufacture, and Material
1.4 This practice can be used for the detection of disconti-
Grouping Classification of Hole-Type Image Quality In-
nuities. This practice also facilitates the examination of a weld
dicators (IQI) Used for Radiography
from several directions, such as perpendicular to the weld
E1032 Practice for Radiographic Examination of Weldments
surface and along both weld bevel angles. The radioscopic
Using Industrial X-Ray Film
techniques described in this practice provide adequate assur-
E1255 Practice for Radioscopy
ance for defect detectability; however, it is recognized that, for
E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
special applications, specific techniques using more stringent
E1411 Practice for Qualification of Radioscopic Systems
requirements may be needed to provide additional detection
E1453 Guide for Storage of Magnetic Tape Media that
capability. The use of specific radioscopic techniques shall be
Contains Analog or Digital Radioscopic Data
agreed upon between purchaser and supplier.
E1475 Guide for Data Fields for Computerized Transfer of
1.5 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be
Digital Radiological Examination Data
regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are
E1647 Practice for Determining Contrast Sensitivity in Ra-
for information only.
diology
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
E1742 Practice for Radiographic Examination
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
E2002 Practice for Determining Image Unsharpness and
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Basic Spatial Resolution in Radiography and Radioscopy
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
E2033 Practice for Radiographic Examination Using Com-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
puted Radiography (Photostimulable Luminescence
Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 7.
Method)
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
E2698 Practice for Radiographic Examination Using Digital
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Detector Arrays
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nonde-
structive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.01 on
2
Radiology (X and Gamma) Method. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2023. Published February 2023. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as E1416 – 16a. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/E1416-23. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E1416 − 16a E1416 − 23
Standard Practice for
1
Radioscopic Examination of Weldments
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1416; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers a uniform procedure for radioscopic examination of weldments. Requirements expressed in this practice
are intended to control the quality of the radioscopic images and are not intended for controlling acceptability or quality of welds.
1.2 This practice applies only to the use of equipment for radioscopic examination in which the image is finally presented on a
display screen (monitor) for operator evaluation. The examination may be recorded for later review. It does not apply to fully
automated systems where evaluation is automatically performed by computer.
1.3 The radioscopic extent, the quality level, and the acceptance criteria to be applied shall be specified in the contract, purchase
order, product specification, or drawings.
1.4 This practice can be used for the detection of discontinuities. This practice also facilitates the examination of a weld from
several directions, such as perpendicular to the weld surface and along both weld bevel angles. The radioscopic techniques
described in this practice provide adequate assurance for defect detectability; however, it is recognized that, for special
applications, specific techniques using more stringent requirements may be needed to provide additional detection capability. The
use of specific radioscopic techniques shall be agreed upon between purchaser and supplier.
1.5 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for
information only.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthsafety, health, and environmental practices and determine
the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 7.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E94 Guide for Radiographic Examination Using Industrial Radiographic Film
E543 Specification for Agencies Performing Nondestructive Testing
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nondestructive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.01 on Radiology (X and
Gamma) Method.
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2016Feb. 1, 2023. Published January 2017February 2023. Originally approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as
E1416 - 16.E1416 – 16a. DOI: 10.1520/E1416-16A.10.1520/E1416-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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E1416 − 23
E747 Practice for Design, Manufacture and Material Grouping Classification of Wire Image Quality Indicators (IQI) Used for
Radiology
E1000 Guide for Radioscopy
E1025 Practice for Design, Manufacture, and Material Grouping Classification of Hole-Type Image Quality Indicators (IQI)
Used for Radiography
E1032 Practice for Radiographic Examination of Weldments Using Industrial X-Ray Film
E1255 Practice for Radioscopy
E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
E1411 Practice for Qualification of Radioscopic Systems
E1453 Guide for Storage of Magnetic Tape Media that Contains Analog or Digital Radioscopic Data
E1475 Guide for Data Fields for Computerized Transfer of Digital Radiological Examination Data
E1647 Practice for Determining Contrast Sensitivity in Radiology
E1742 Practice for Radiographic Examination
E2002 Practice for Determining Image Unsha
...