ASTM F1276-99
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Creep Relaxation of Laminated Composite Gasket Materials
Standard Test Method for Creep Relaxation of Laminated Composite Gasket Materials
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides a means of measuring the amount of creep relaxation of a laminated composite gasket material at a stated time after a compressive stress has been applied.
1.2 Creep relaxation is measured by means of a calibrated bolt with dial indicator.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: F 1276 – 99
Standard Test Method for
Creep Relaxation of Laminated Composite Gasket Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1276; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Summary of Test Method
1.1 This test method provides a means of measuring the 3.1 In this test method, the specimen is subjected to a
amount of creep relaxation of a laminated composite gasket compressive stress between two platens, with the stress applied
material at a predetermined time after a compressive stress has by a nut and bolt. Run at room or elevated temperatures, the
been applied. stress is determined by measuring the change in length of the
1.2 Creep relaxation is measured by means of a calibrated calibrated bolt with a dial indicator. The bolt length is
bolt with dial indicator. measured at the beginning of the test and at the end of the test.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the The percent relaxation is calculated from this.
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
4. Significance and Use
only.
4.1 This test method is designed to compare related mate-
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the rials under controlled conditions and their ability to maintain a
given compressive stress as a function of time. A portion of the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- torque loss on the bolted flange is a result of creep relaxation.
Torque loss can also be caused by elongation of the bolts,
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
distortion of the flanges, and vibration; therefore, the results
2. Referenced Documents
obtained should be correlated with field results. This test
2.1 ASTM Standards: method may be used as a routine test when agreed upon
A 193/A 193M Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless between the user and the producer.
Steel Bolting Materials for High-Temperature Service
5. Apparatus
B 637 Specification for Precipitation-Hardening Nickel Al-
5.1 Relaxometer, composed of two platens, special drilled
loy Bars, Forgings, and Forging Stock for High-
Temperature Service and calibrated bolt, washer and nut composed of Specification
A 193/A 193M Grade B7 or B 637 Grade UNS N07718, or
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
Determine the Precision of a Test Method other alloys of construction that would satisfy the calibration
Procedure (see Annex) for the test temperature specified and a
F 38 Test Methods for Creep Relaxation of a Gasket Mate-
rial dial indicator assembly as shown in Fig. 1.
5.2 Box End Wrench.
F 104 Classification System for Nonmetallic Gasket Mate-
rials 5.3 Steel Blanking Die.
F 868 Classification for Laminated Composite Gasket Ma-
5 6. Test Specimens
terials
6.1 Specimen size shall be 10.16 6 0.381 mm (0.400 6
2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:
0.015 in.) wide by 31.75 6 0.381 mm (1.250 6 0.015 in.) long.
Relaxometer, Method B (Adjunct to Test Method F 38)
6.2 Four specimens are required per test.
6.3 A minimum of three tests shall be conducted.
6.4 Nominal thickness of specimens shall be that of the
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F-3 on Gaskets
laminated composite gasket.
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F03.20 on Mechanical Test
Methods.
7. Conditioning
Current edition approved Apr. 10, 1999. Published July 1999. Originally
published as F 1276 – 90. Last previous edition F 1276 – 92. 7.1 When all nonmetallic layers of the laminated composite
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.01.
are the same type, condition in accordance with that type as
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.04.
shown in Table 1.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 09.02.
Detailed working drawings of this apparatus are available from ASTM 7
Dario P. Bernasconi, 40 Farrington St., Stoughton, MA 02072, and Donald G.
Headquarters, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428–2959 USA.
Johnson, Metal Samples, P.O. Box 8, Munford, AL 36268, are suppliers of the
Order Adjunct No. 12-600-381-00.
relaxometer.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
F 1276
TABLE 1 Test Method for Creep Relaxation of Laminated
Composite Materials Conditioning for Laminated Composite
Gasket Materials
Classification
F 104
Type of Gasket Identification
Conditioning
Material in the First Two
Procedure
Nonmetallic Layers Numerals
of Six-Digit
Number
Compressed asbestos sheet; F11, F12, 1hat100 6 2°C (212 6 3.6°F)
asbestos beater sheet; F51, F52 Cool in desiccator over
flexible graphite anhydrous calcium chloride
21 to 30°C (70 to 85°F)
Asbestos paper and millboard F13 4 h at 100 6 2°C (212 6 3.6°F)
Cool as in Procedure A of
Classification F 104
Cork composition F21, F23 At least 46 h at 21 to 30°C
Cork and cellular rubber (70 to 85°F) and 50 to 55 %
relative humidity
Cork and rubber F22 At least 46 h at 21 to 30°C
(70 to 85°F) and 50 to 55 %
relative humidity
Treated and untreated papers F31, F32, 4 h at 21 to 30°C (70 to 85°F)
from cellulose or other F33, F34 over anhydrous calcium
organic fibers chloride followed immediately
by at least 20 h at 21 to 30°C
(70 to 85°F) and 50 to 55 %
relative humidity
Compressed nonasbestos F71, F72 1 h at 100 6 2°C (212 6 3.6°F)
sheet; nonasbestos beater Cool in desiccator over
sheet anhydrous calcium chloride
21 to 30°C (70 to 85°F)
Nonasbestos paper and F73 4 h at 100 6 2°C (212 6 3.6°F)
millboard Cool as in Procedure A of
Classification F 104
8.3 Place the washer in position and screw on the nut, finger
tight.
8.4 Screw on the dial indicator assembly, finger tight, and
set the dial indicator at the zero reading.
8.5 Apply stress to the specimens by tightening the nut with
a wrench until the desired dial indicator reading is reached;
record the reading (D ). Apply the stress in one continuous
o
motion with a maximum loading time of 3 s. A bolt elongation
of 0.1222 to 0.1270 mm (0.00481 to 0.00500 in.) is typical for
a compressive force of 26.7 kN (6000 lbf). Remove the dial
FIG. 1 Relaxometer and Dial Indicator Assembly indicator assembly. (The calibration procedure is outlined in
Annex A1.)
7.2 When the nonmetallic layers of the laminated composite
NOTE 1—When testing materials thicker than 0.8 mm (0.03 in.), the
are of different types, the specimen shall be conditioned for 22
time to tighten the nut may be extended to 5 s maximum to allow for the
h in a controlled-humidity room or in a closed chamber of air
longer arc required to apply the test load.
at 21 to 30°C (70 to 85°F) and 50 to 55 % relative humidity. In
8.6 Place the specimen unit in a hot air-circulating oven for
all cases where testing is conducted outside the area of
22hat100 6 2°C (212 6 3.6°F), unless otherwise specified.
specified humidity, specimens shall be removed from the
The maximum test temperature for Specification A 193/
chamber one at a time as needed.
A 193M Grade B7 shall not exceed 204°C (400°F). The
7.3 Other conditioning may be as agreed upon between the
maximum test temperature for Grade UNS N07718 shall not
producer and the user.
exceed 482°C (900°F).
8.7 Remove from the oven and cool to room temperature.
8. Procedure
8.8 Replace the dial indicator assembly, finger tight, and set
8.1 Clean all surfaces and lightly lubricate the washer and
the dial indicator at the zero reading. Loosen the nut, without
bolt threads; graphite and molybdenum disulfide have been
disturbing the dial indicator assembly, and record the dial
found to be acceptable lubricants.
reading ( D ).
f
8.2 Place the specimens between the platens in accordance
8.9 Calculate the percent relaxation as follows:
with Fig. 1 making sure they are no closer than 2 mm (0.078
in) to the other pieces and the edge of the platens. relaxation, % 5 @~D 2 D !/D # 3 100 (1)
o f o
NOTICE: This stan
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.