ASTM E1033-98(2004)e1
(Practice)Standard Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Examination of Type F-Continuously Welded (CW) Ferromagnetic Pipe and Tubing Above the Curie Temperature
Standard Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Examination of Type F-Continuously Welded (CW) Ferromagnetic Pipe and Tubing Above the Curie Temperature
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The purpose of this practice is to outline a procedure for the in-line eddy-current examination of hot CW pipe for the detection of major imperfections and repetitive discontinuities.
A major advantage of in-line eddy-current examination of ferromagnetic CW pipe above the Curie temperature lies in the enhanced signal-to-noise ratio and depth of penetration obtained without the use of magnetic saturation.
The eddy-current method is capable of detecting and locating weld imperfections commonly referred to as open welds, cave welds, black spots (weld inclusions), and partial welds (incomplete penetration). In addition, it will detect pipe-wall imperfections such as slivers, laps, and ring welds (end welds).
The relative severity of the imperfections may be indicated by eddy-current signal amplitude or phase, or both. An alarm level may be selected that utilizes signal amplitude or phase, or both, for automatic recording or marking, or both.
Because the responses from natural discontinuities may vary significantly from those from artificial discontinuities, care must be exercised in establishing test sensitivity and acceptance criteria.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for in-line, eddy-current examination of continuously welded (CW) ferromagnetic pipe and tubing at temperatures above the Curie temperature (approximately 1400F [760C], where the pipe is substantially nonmagnetic or austenitic.
1.2 This practice is intended for use on tubular products having nominal diameters of 1/2in. [12.7 mm] to 4 in. [101.6 mm]. These techniques may be used for larger- or smaller-diameter pipe and tubing as specified by the using parties.
1.3 This practice is specifically applicable to eddy-current examination using encircling coils, or probe coils.
1.4 This practice does not establish acceptance criteria. They must be established by the using parties.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The SI units in brackets may be approximate.
This standard does not purport to address the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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e1
Designation:E1033–98 (Reapproved 2004)
Standard Practice for
Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Examination of Type
F-Continuously Welded (CW) Ferromagnetic Pipe and
Tubing Above the Curie Temperature
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 1033; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
e NOTE—Referenced documents and editorial changes were made in January 2004.
1. Scope cation and Certification in Nondestructive Testing
ANSI/ASNT-CP-189 ASNT Standard for Qualification and
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for in-line, eddy-
Certification of Nondestructive Testing Personnel
current examination of continuously welded (CW) ferromag-
NAS-410 NAS Certification and Qualification of Nonde-
netic pipe and tubing at temperatures above the Curie tempera-
structive Personnel (Quality Assurance Committee)
ture (approximately 1400°F [760°C], where the pipe is
substantially nonmagnetic or austenitic.
3. Terminology
1.2 This practice is intended for use on tubular products
3.1 Standard terminology relating to electromagnetic ex-
having nominal diameters of ⁄2 in. [12.7 mm] to 4 in. [101.6
amination may be found in Terminology E 1316, Section C,
mm]. These techniques may be used for larger- or smaller-
Electromagnetic Testing.
diameter pipe and tubing as specified by the using parties.
1.3 This practice is specifically applicable to eddy-current
4. Summary of Practice
examination using encircling coils, or probe coils.
4.1 In-line, automatic, eddy-current examination of CW
1.4 This practice does not establish acceptance criteria.
pipe utilizes probes or encircling coils, or both, mounted in the
They must be established by the using parties.
pass line to monitor the quality of pipe during production at
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
temperatures ranging from 1600 to 2200°F [870 to 1204°C].
as standard. The SI units in brackets may be approximate.
4.2 Eddy-current instrumentation provides timely and use-
1.6 This standard does not purport to address the safety
ful information regarding the acceptability of CW pipe for
problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the
quality control purposes as well as for early warning that
user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
unacceptable pipe is being produced.
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
tions prior to use.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 The purpose of this practice is to outline a procedure for
2. Referenced Documents
the in-line eddy-current examination of hot CW pipe for the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
detection of major imperfections and repetitive discontinuities.
E 309 Practice for Eddy-Current Examination of Steel Tu-
5.2 A major advantage of in-line eddy-current examination
bular Products Using Magnetic Saturation
of ferromagnetic CW pipe above the Curie temperature lies in
E 543 Practice for Agencies Performing Nondestructive
the enhanced signal-to-noise ratio and depth of penetration
Testing
obtained without the use of magnetic saturation.
E 1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
5.3 The eddy-current method is capable of detecting and
2.2 Other Documents:
locating weld imperfections commonly referred to as open
SNT-TC-1A Recommended Practice for Personnel Qualifi-
welds, cave welds, black spots (weld inclusions), and partial
welds (incomplete penetration). In addition, it will detect
pipe-wall imperfections such as slivers, laps, and ring welds
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nonde-
(end welds).
structive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.07 on
Electromagnetic Methods.
Current edition approved January 1, 2004. Published February 2004. Originally
approved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as E 1033 - 98.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available from American Society for Nondestructive Testing, 1711 Arlingate
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Plaza, PO Box 28518, Columbus, OH 43228–0518.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Aerospace Industries Association of America, Inc., 1250 Eye
the ASTM website. Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20005.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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E1033–98 (2004)
5.4 The relative severity of the imperfections may be 8.1.1 The types and sizes of transducers employed are
indicated by eddy-current signal amplitude or phase, or both. determined to a large degree by the coverage and resolution
Analarmlevelmaybeselectedthatutilizessignalamplitudeor
required. Through precise transducer positioning, the geom-
phase, or both, for automatic recording or marking, or both. etries required for effective pipe inspection can be maintained.
5.5 Because the responses from natural discontinuities may
8.1.2 The eddy-current transducers are cooled to maintain
vary significantly from those from artificial discontinuities,
proper operating temperatures for test stability, and to avoid
care must be exercised in establishing test sensitivity and
thermal damage to the windings or the associated fixturing, or
acceptance criteria.
both.
8.1.3 The optimum response to the variables of interest (see
6. Basis of Application
5.3) can be obtained through the selection of the proper
6.1 The following criteria may be specified in the purchase
instrumentation, transducer design, and operating frequency.
specification, contractual agreement, or elsewhere, and may
Through signal processing, responses to variables of interest
require agreement between the purchaser and the supplier.
can be increased while those from such sources as scale
6.1.1 The diameter, wall-thickness, and temperature of the
patches, cold spots, and mechanical vibration can be sup-
pipe being examined.
pressed.
6.1.2 The extent of the examination.
8.1.4 Usually, the transducer assembly is placed at a loca-
6.1.3 The time of examinat
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