ASTM E3341-23
(Guide)Standard Guide for General Principles of Resilience
Standard Guide for General Principles of Resilience
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Every system is subject to disruptive events and stressors. Events and stressors can occur at all life-cycle stages and affect systems in multiple ways and on a range of scales. It is imperative to define and understand the nature of the events and stressors that may affect a system in order to address the opportunities and challenges presented.
4.2 A resilient system is better able to withstand an anticipated disruptive event or stressor.
4.3 Knowledge from historic disruptive events can aid in the design of system resilience. However, assumptions based on historical events may not be indicative of future conditions or future system operations, or they may not be consistent with design criteria in codes and standards. Systems can be designed to withstand and limit damage and support health and safety; stressors and recovery of function can often be more robustly addressed in initial system design practice. Advancing resilience requires addressing all principles of resilience for applicable events and stressors during the design process and life of the system.
Note 1: Design practice is influenced by codes, standards, federal regulations, and other applicable industry best practices. Both resilience, particularly recovery of function and services, and stressors, are new concepts for design practice of many systems, and guidance is evolving.
4.4 This guide provides general guidance but does not prescribe a specific course of action.
4.5 This guide is intended to inform those associated with creating or managing a system when considering its resilience. This could be product development teams, designers, or assessment teams.
4.6 The general principles of resilience are interrelated. However, to facilitate clarity, they are discussed individually as much as possible.
4.7 The general principles in this guide are intended to identify the required performance of more resilient systems and to assist users in making decisions that advance resilience....
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers general principles related to the resilience of systems, including natural and anthropological systems.
1.2 Resilience is defined by four general principles: planning and preparation, adaptation, withstanding and limiting impacts, and recovery of operations and function. This guide covers the fundamentals for each of the general principles.
1.3 This guide recognizes that, in applying principles of resilience, decision makers often balance opportunities and challenges, as well as the safety and risk associated with each of the general principles and their interdependence.
1.4 This guide recognizes that improved resilience may result from a variety of sources and potential solutions. Solutions and their associated impacts can span economic, physical, environmental, health and wellness, ecological, and other human aspects related to individuals, organizations, social systems, physical systems, and natural systems.
1.5 The general principles identified in this guide are applicable to all types of systems, the boundaries of which are defined by the user based upon the system functions, uses, and impacts, as well as other natural, social, economic, or physical constraints for the specific situation.
1.6 Applying the principles in this guide will require informed assessment and practical experience to determine if system resilience goals are advanced or achieved through application of the four principles and meeting project requirements.
1.7 This guide acknowledges that the various contexts in which a system is used or operates directly affects its resilience.
1.8 This guide recognizes that one or more components make up systems, requiring evaluation of each component individually, as well as being part of the relevant system, and in relationship to relevant externalities.
1.9 This guide recommends four general principles to inform planning and design processes; it does not recommen...
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E3341 − 23
Standard Guide for
1
General Principles of Resilience
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E3341; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.9 This guide recommends four general principles to in-
form planning and design processes; it does not recommend a
1.1 This guide covers general principles related to the
specific course of action. This guide cannot replace education
resilience of systems, including natural and anthropological
or experience and should be used in conjunction with informed
systems.
judgment.
1.2 Resilience is defined by four general principles: plan-
1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the
ning and preparation, adaptation, withstanding and limiting
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
impacts, and recovery of operations and function. This guide
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
covers the fundamentals for each of the general principles.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
1.3 This guide recognizes that, in applying principles of
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
resilience, decision makers often balance opportunities and
1.11 This international standard was developed in accor-
challenges, as well as the safety and risk associated with each
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
of the general principles and their interdependence.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.4 This guide recognizes that improved resilience may
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
result from a variety of sources and potential solutions.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Solutions and their associated impacts can span economic,
physical, environmental, health and wellness, ecological, and
2. Referenced Documents
other human aspects related to individuals, organizations,
2
social systems, physical systems, and natural systems. 2.1 ASTM Standards:
C1145 Terminology of Advanced Ceramics
1.5 The general principles identified in this guide are
E2114 Terminology for Sustainability
applicable to all types of systems, the boundaries of which are
E2135 Terminology for Property and Asset Management
defined by the user based upon the system functions, uses, and
E2432 Guide for General Principles of Sustainability Rela-
impacts, as well as other natural, social, economic, or physical
tive to the Built Environment
constraints for the specific situation.
E2921 Practice for Minimum Criteria for Comparing Whole
1.6 Applying the principles in this guide will require in-
Building Life Cycle Assessments for Use with Building
formed assessment and practical experience to determine if
Codes, Standards, and Rating Systems
system resilience goals are advanced or achieved through
E3027 Guide for Making Sustainability-Related Chemical
application of the four principles and meeting project require-
Selection Decisions in the Life-Cycle of Products
ments.
3. Terminology
1.7 This guide acknowledges that the various contexts in
which a system is used or operates directly affects its resil- 3.1 Definitions—For terminology where the definition is
ience. defined in another standard:
3.1.1 built environment, n—refer to Guide E2432.
1.8 This guide recognizes that one or more components
3.1.2 durability, n—refer to Terminology C1145.
make up systems, requiring evaluation of each component
individually, as well as being part of the relevant system, and
3.1.3 repairable, n—refer to Terminology E2135.
in relationship to relevant externalities.
3.1.4 risk, n—refer to Guide E3027.
3.1.5 risk assessment, n—refer to Terminology E2135.
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E60 on Sustainability
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E60.80 on General Sustainability
2
Standards. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2023. Published December 2023. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2022. Last previous edition approved in 2022 as E3341 – 22. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/E3341-23. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken,
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E3341 − 22 E3341 − 23
Standard Guide for
1
General Principles of Resilience
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E3341; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide describescovers general principles related to the resilience of systems, including natural and anthropological
systems.
1.2 Resilience is defined by four general principles: planning and preparation, adaptation, withstanding and limiting impacts, and
recovery of operations and function. This guide covers the fundamentals for each of the general principles.
1.3 This guide recognizes that, in applying principles of resilience, decision makers often balance opportunities and challenges,
as well as the safety and risk associated with each of the general principles and their interdependence.
1.4 This guide recognizes that improved resilience may result from a variety of sources and potential solutions. Solutions and their
associated impacts can span economic, physical, environmental, health and wellness, ecological, and other human aspects related
to individuals, organizations, social systems, physical systems, and natural systems.
1.5 The general principles identified in this guide are applicable to all types of systems, the boundaries of which are defined by
the user based upon the system functions, uses, and impacts, as well as other natural, social, economic, or physical constraints for
the specific situation.
1.6 Applying the principles in this guide will require informed assessment and practical experience to determine if system
resilience goals are advanced or achieved through application of the four principles and meeting project requirements.
1.7 This guide acknowledges that the various contexts in which a system is used or operates directly affects its resilience.
1.8 This guide recognizes that one or more components make up systems, requiring evaluation of each component individually,
as well as being part of the relevant system, and in relationship to relevant externalities.
1.9 This guide recommends four general principles to inform planning and design processes; it does not recommend a specific
course of action. This guide cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with informed judgment.
1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E60 on Sustainability and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E60.80 on General Sustainability
Standards.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2022Dec. 1, 2023. Published December 2022December 2023. Originally approved in 2022. Last previous edition approved in 2022 as
E3341 – 22. DOI: 10.1520/E3341-22.10.1520/E3341-23.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E3341 − 23
1.11 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C1145 Terminology of Advanced Ceramics
E2114 Terminology for Sustainability
E2135 Terminology for Property and Asset Management
E2432 Guide for General Principles of Sustainability Relative to the Built Environment
E2921 Practice for Minimum Criteria for Comparing Whole Building Life Cycle Assessments for Use with Building Codes,
Standards, and Rating Systems
E3027 Guide for Making Sustainability-Related Chemical Selection Decisions in the Life-Cycle of Products
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For terminology where the definition is defined in another standard:
3.1.1 built environment, n—refer to Guide E2432.
3.1.2 durability, n—refer to Terminology C1145.
3.1.3 repairable, n—refer to Terminology E2135.
3.1.4 risk, n—refer to Guide E3027.
3.1.5 risk assessment, n—refer to Ter
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E3341 − 23
Standard Guide for
1
General Principles of Resilience
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E3341; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.9 This guide recommends four general principles to in-
form planning and design processes; it does not recommend a
1.1 This guide covers general principles related to the
specific course of action. This guide cannot replace education
resilience of systems, including natural and anthropological
or experience and should be used in conjunction with informed
systems.
judgment.
1.2 Resilience is defined by four general principles: plan-
1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the
ning and preparation, adaptation, withstanding and limiting
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
impacts, and recovery of operations and function. This guide
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
covers the fundamentals for each of the general principles.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
1.3 This guide recognizes that, in applying principles of
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
resilience, decision makers often balance opportunities and
1.11 This international standard was developed in accor-
challenges, as well as the safety and risk associated with each
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
of the general principles and their interdependence.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.4 This guide recognizes that improved resilience may
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
result from a variety of sources and potential solutions.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Solutions and their associated impacts can span economic,
physical, environmental, health and wellness, ecological, and
2. Referenced Documents
other human aspects related to individuals, organizations,
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
social systems, physical systems, and natural systems.
C1145 Terminology of Advanced Ceramics
1.5 The general principles identified in this guide are
E2114 Terminology for Sustainability
applicable to all types of systems, the boundaries of which are
E2135 Terminology for Property and Asset Management
defined by the user based upon the system functions, uses, and
E2432 Guide for General Principles of Sustainability Rela-
impacts, as well as other natural, social, economic, or physical
tive to the Built Environment
constraints for the specific situation.
E2921 Practice for Minimum Criteria for Comparing Whole
1.6 Applying the principles in this guide will require in-
Building Life Cycle Assessments for Use with Building
formed assessment and practical experience to determine if
Codes, Standards, and Rating Systems
system resilience goals are advanced or achieved through
E3027 Guide for Making Sustainability-Related Chemical
application of the four principles and meeting project require-
Selection Decisions in the Life-Cycle of Products
ments.
3. Terminology
1.7 This guide acknowledges that the various contexts in
which a system is used or operates directly affects its resil- 3.1 Definitions—For terminology where the definition is
ience. defined in another standard:
3.1.1 built environment, n—refer to Guide E2432.
1.8 This guide recognizes that one or more components
3.1.2 durability, n—refer to Terminology C1145.
make up systems, requiring evaluation of each component
individually, as well as being part of the relevant system, and
3.1.3 repairable, n—refer to Terminology E2135.
in relationship to relevant externalities.
3.1.4 risk, n—refer to Guide E3027.
3.1.5 risk assessment, n—refer to Terminology E2135.
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E60 on Sustainability
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E60.80 on General Sustainability
2
Standards. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2023. Published December 2023. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2022. Last previous edition approved in 2022 as E3341 – 22. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/E3341-23. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E3341 − 23
3.1.6 service life, n—refer to Practice E2921. 4
...
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