ASTM C497-19a
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Concrete Box Sections, Manhole Sections, or Tile
Standard Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Concrete Box Sections, Manhole Sections, or Tile
ABSTRACT
These test methods cover production and acceptance tests for concrete pipes, manhole sections, and tiles. Tests include procedures for evaluating external load crushing strength, flat slab top, core strength, absorption, hydrostatic, permeability, manhole step, cylinder, gasket lubricant, joint shear, alkalinity, and gasket measurements. Aside from the procedures, this standard also details the significance and use of and the required test apparatus for each test.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover testing of concrete pipe, concrete box sections, manhole sections, and tile. The test methods described are used in production testing and acceptance testing to evaluate the properties provided for in the specifications.
1.2 The test methods appear in the following order:
Section
External Load Crushing Strength
4
Flat Slab Top
5
Base Section Test Method
6
Core Strength
7
Absorption
8
Hydrostatic
9
Permeability
10
Manhole Step
11
Cylinder Strength
12
Gasket Lubricant
13
Joint Shear
14
Alkalinity
15
Gasket Measurements
16
Off-Center Hydrostatic Joint Test
17
Hydrostatic External Joint Test Method
18
Welded Splice Pull Test
19
1.3 The test specimens shall not have been exposed to a temperature below 40°F for the 24 h immediately preceding the test.
1.4 If any test specimen fails because of mechanical reasons such as failure of testing equipment or improper specimen preparation, it shall be discarded and another specimen taken.
1.5 Specimens shall be selected in accordance with the specifications for the type of pipe or tile being tested.
1.6 A complete metric companion to Test Methods C497 has been developed—C497M; therefore, no metric equivalents are presented in these methods.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: C497 − 19a
Standard Test Methods for
Concrete Pipe, Concrete Box Sections, Manhole Sections,
1
or Tile
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C497; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
1.1 These test methods cover testing of concrete pipe,
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
concrete box sections, manhole sections, and tile. The test
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
methods described are used in production testing and accep-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
tance testing to evaluate the properties provided for in the
specifications. ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.2 The test methods appear in the following order:
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Section
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
External Load Crushing Strength 4
Flat Slab Top 5
Base Section Test Method 6
2. Referenced Documents
Core Strength 7
Absorption 8 2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Hydrostatic 9
C31/C31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test
Permeability 10
Manhole Step 11
Specimens in the Field
Cylinder Strength 12
C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylin-
Gasket Lubricant 13
Joint Shear 14 drical Concrete Specimens
Alkalinity 15
C42/C42M Test Method for Obtaining and Testing Drilled
Gasket Measurements 16
Cores and Sawed Beams of Concrete
Off-Center Hydrostatic Joint Test 17
Hydrostatic External Joint Test Method 18 C617/C617M Practice for Capping Cylindrical Concrete
Welded Splice Pull Test 19
Specimens
1.3 The test specimens shall not have been exposed to a
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
temperature below 40°F for the 24 h immediately preceding
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
the test.
C822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related
Products
1.4 If any test specimen fails because of mechanical reasons
C1231/C1231M Practice for Use of Unbonded Caps in
such as failure of testing equipment or improper specimen
Determination of Compressive Strength of Hardened Cy-
preparation, it shall be discarded and another specimen taken.
lindrical Concrete Specimens
1.5 Specimens shall be selected in accordance with the
D2240 Test Method for Rubber Property—Durometer Hard-
specifications for the type of pipe or tile being tested.
ness
1.6 AcompletemetriccompaniontoTestMethodsC497has
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
been developed—C497M; therefore, no metric equivalents are
presented in these methods.
3. Terminology
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1 Definitions—Fordefinitionsoftermsrelatingtoconcrete
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
pipe, see Terminology C822.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 on
ConcretePipeandarethedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeC13.09onMethods
2
of Test. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2019. Published October 2019. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1962. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as C497 – 19. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/C0497-19A. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C497 − 19a
4. External Load Crushing Strength Test by the Three- 4.3.7 If mutually agreed upon by the manufacturer and the
Edge Bearing Test Method owner prior to the test, before the specimen is placed, a fillet of
plaster of paris not exceeding 1 in. in thickness shall be cast on
4.1 Summary of Test Method—The test specimen is tested in
the surface of the upper and lower bearings. The width of the
a machine designed to apply a crushing force upon the
fillet cap, upper or lower, shall be not more than 1 in./ft of the
specimen in a plane through the vertical axis extending along
specimen diameter, but in no case less than 1 in.
the length of the specimen.
4.3.8 The equipment shall be so designed that the load will
4.2 Significance and Use—The crushing test shall be either
be distributed about th
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C497 − 19 C497 − 19a
Standard Test Methods for
Concrete Pipe, Concrete Box Sections, Manhole Sections,
1
or Tile
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C497; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods cover testing of concrete pipe, concrete box sections, manhole sections, and tile. The test methods
described are used in production testing and acceptance testing to evaluate the properties provided for in the specifications.
1.2 The test methods appear in the following order:
Section
External Load Crushing Strength 4
Flat Slab Top 5
Base Section Test Method 6
Core Strength 7
Absorption 8
Hydrostatic 9
Permeability 10
Manhole Step 11
Cylinder Strength 12
Gasket Lubricant 13
Joint Shear 14
Alkalinity 15
Gasket Measurements 16
Off-Center Hydrostatic Joint Test 17
Hydrostatic External Joint Test Method 18
Welded Splice Pull Test 19
1.3 The test specimens shall not have been exposed to a temperature below 40°F for the 24 h immediately preceding the test.
1.4 If any test specimen fails because of mechanical reasons such as failure of testing equipment or improper specimen
preparation, it shall be discarded and another specimen taken.
1.5 Specimens shall be selected in accordance with the specifications for the type of pipe or tile being tested.
1.6 A complete metric companion to Test Methods C497 has been developed—C497M; therefore, no metric equivalents are
presented in these methods.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C31/C31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Field
C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 on Concrete Pipe and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.09 on Methods of Test.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2019Oct. 1, 2019. Published January 2019October 2019. Originally approved in 1962. Last previous edition approved in 20182019 as
C497 – 18b.C497 – 19. DOI: 10.1520/C0497-19.10.1520/C0497-19A.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C497 − 19a
C42/C42M Test Method for Obtaining and Testing Drilled Cores and Sawed Beams of Concrete
C617C617/C617M Practice for Capping Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements for Test Methods for Construction Materials
C822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related Products
C1231/C1231M Practice for Use of Unbonded Caps in Determination of Compressive Strength of Hardened Cylindrical
Concrete Specimens
D2240 Test Method for Rubber Property—Durometer Hardness
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to concrete pipe, see Terminology C822.
4. External Load Crushing Strength Test by the Three-Edge Bearing Test Method
4.1 Summary of Test Method—The test specimen is tested in a machine designed to apply a crushing force upon the specimen
in a plane through the vertical axis extending along the length of the specimen.
4.2 Significance and Use—The crushing test shall be either a quality control test performed to establish that the finished,
shippable pipe has sufficient stre
...
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