ASTM A770/A770M-03(2012)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Through-Thickness Tension Testing of Steel Plates for Special Applications
Standard Specification for Through-Thickness Tension Testing of Steel Plates for Special Applications
ABSTRACT
This specification covers procedures and acceptance standards for the determination of reduction of area using steel plates as tension test specimen. The tension testing method shall provide a measure of the resistance of a steel plate to lamellar tearing. Alternative test specimen may be used in place of the standard test specimen. Several types of test specimen shall have specified values of plate thickness, diameter, minimum radius, and length of reduced section.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the procedures and acceptance standards for the determination of reduction of area using a tension test specimen whose axis is perpendicular to the rolled surfaces of steel plates 1 in. [25 mm] and greater in thickness. The principal purpose of the testing is to provide a measure of the resistance of a steel plate to lamellar tearing. (See Appendix X1.)
1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.
1.3 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound and SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
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Designation: A770/A770M −03(Reapproved 2012)
Standard Specification for
Through-Thickness Tension Testing of Steel Plates for
Special Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA770/A770M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3.1.2 Special requirements agreed upon between the manu-
2 facturer and the purchaser.
1.1 This specification covers the procedures and accep-
tancestandardsforthedeterminationofreductionofareausing
4. Tension Tests
a tension test specimen whose axis is perpendicular to the
4.1 Number of Tests:
rolled surfaces of steel plates 1 in. [25 mm] and greater in
4.1.1 Two tests shall be required from each plate-as-rolled,
thickness. The principal purpose of the testing is to provide a
except for plates subjected to heat treatment by quenching and
measure of the resistance of a steel plate to lamellar tearing.
tempering. Two tests shall be required from each quenched-
(See Appendix X1.)
and-tempered plate. The tests shall be representative of the
1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
plate in its final condition.
are to be regarded as standard. Within the text, the SI units are
4.1.2 When plates are furnished by the manufacturer in an
shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not
unheat-treated condition and qualified by heat-treated speci-
exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used inde-
mens (including normalized, normalized and tempered, and
pendentlyoftheother.Combiningvaluesfromthetwosystems
quenched and tempered), two tests shall be required from each
may result in nonconformance with the specification.
plate-as-rolled.
1.3 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound and
NOTE 1—The term “plate-as-rolled’’ refers to the unit plate rolled from
SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable a slab or directly from an ingot. It does not refer to the condition of the
plate.
“M” specification designation (SI units), the material shall be
furnished to inch-pound units. 4.2 LocationofTestCoupons—Take one test coupon at each
end of each plate as defined in 4.1. Take the test coupons from
2. Referenced Documents
the center of the plate width.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.3 OrientationofTestSpecimens—The longitudinal axis of
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
thereducedsectionofthetestspecimensshallbeperpendicular
of Steel Products
to the rolled surface of the plate.
4.4 Preparation of Test Specimens:
3. Ordering Information
4.4.1 Welded Prolongations—When required, join welded
3.1 The inquiry and order shall include the following, if
prolongations to the surface(s) of the plate being tested. The
required:
joining method used shall be one which results in a minimal
3.1.1 Supplementary requirements that are available to meet
heat-affected zone in the portion of the plate to be tested.
end use requirements (see S1 through S5).
Shielded metal arc, friction, stud, or electron-beam welding
methods have proven to be suitable.
4.4.2 Standard Test Specimens:
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
4.4.2.1 Threetypesofstandardroundtensiontestspecimens
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.11 on Steel Plates for Boilers and Pressure Vessels.
are shown in Fig. 1 and Table 1. For Types 1 and 2 specimens,
Current edition approved March 1, 2012. Published April 2012. Originally
locate the center of the length of the reduced section at the
approved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as A770/
approximate mid-point of the plate thickness. For Type 3
A770M – 03 (2007). DOI: 10.1520/A0770_A0770M-03R12.
specimens, locate the weld fusion line of one plate surface
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specifi-
cation SA-770/SA-770M in Section II of that Code.
within ⁄4 in. [6 mm] of one end of the reduced section.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
4.4.2.2 For plates from 1 in. [25 mm] to 1 ⁄4 in. [32 mm]
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
inclusive in thickness, use either the 0.350-in. [8.75-mm] Type
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. 1 specimen or the 0.500-in. [12.5-mm] Type 2 specimen.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A770/A770M − 03 (2012)
NOTE 1—For Type 3 only one welded prolongation may be needed,
depending upon plate thickness.
FIG. 1 Standard Round Tension Test Specimens
TABLE 1 Schedule of Standard Test Specimens, Inches
A
[Millimetres]
Specimen Type
Plate thickness (t)1# t# 1 ⁄4 1< t#22< t
FIG. 2 Alternative Tension Test Specimens
Diameter (D) 0.350 [8.75] 0.500 [12.5] 0.500 [12.5]
1 3 3
Radius, minimum (R) ⁄4 [6] ⁄8 [10] ⁄8 [10]
3 1 1
Length of reduced section (A)1 ⁄4 [45] 2 ⁄4 [60] 2 ⁄4 [60]
A
See Test Methods and Definitions A370 (Fig. 5 for further details and Fig. 6 for
4.4.3.2 For plates over 1 in. [25 mm] in thickness, a series
various types of ends).
of button-head specimens shown in Fig. 2 and Table 2 may be
used. The test specimen type to be used, Type D, Type E, or
1 Type F, is determined by the nominal plate thickness as
4.4.2.3 For plates over 1 ⁄4 in. to 2 in. [50 mm] inclusive in
described in Table 2.Aseries of two or moreType F specimens
thickness, use the 0.500-in. [12.5-mm] Type 2 specimen.
may be used to cover the full thickness of the plate. The length
4.4.2.4 For plates greater than 2 in. [50 mm] in thickness,
of the reduced section (A), as shown in Fig. 2 and specified in
use the Type 3 specimen.
Table 2, is the length of the reduced section excluding the
4.4.3 Alternative Test Specimens—The alternative test
machined radius (R). Within the plate thickness dimension
specimens in Fig. 2 and Table 2 may be used in place of the
specified for each test specimen type, either the button-head
standard specimens in Fig. 1 and Table 1.
thickness, the reduced section length, or the machined radius
4.4.3.1 For plates over 2 in. [50 mm] in thickness,TypeAor
may be varied. In all cases, the minimum length of the reduced
TypeBspecimensmaybeused.TheTypeAspecimenprovides
section must be as specified in Table 2 to maintain a minimum
a reduced section length greater than the plate thickness. The
length to diameter ratio (see Appendix X2.2).
Type B specimen provides a reduced section length of 2 ⁄4 in.
[57 mm] with its center at the mid-thickness of the plate. Over
5. Acceptance Standards
a minimum plate thickness determined by the specimen end
configuration, no welded prolongations may be needed for the 5.1 Each tension test shall have a minimum reduction of
Type B specimen. For plates over 4 ⁄4 in. [108 mm] in area no less than 20 %. If the reduction of area of both tests is
thickness, the Type C specimen may be used. For plates over 6 less than 20 %, no retest shall be permitted. If the reduction of
in. [150 mm] in thickness, a series of two or more Type A or area of one of the two tests from a plate is less than 20 %, one
Type C specimens with reduced sections of 4 in. [100 mm] or retest of two additional specimens taken from a location
less may be used to cover the full thickness of the plate. The adjacent to the specimen that failed may be made, and both of
number of tests required will depend upon the thickness of the these additional specimens shall have a reduction of area of
plate being tested and the reduced section length selected. 20 % or more.
A770/A770M − 03 (2012)
TABLE 2 Schedule of Alternative Test Specimens, Inches [Millimetres]
Specimen Type
A A B
A B C DE F
1 3 3 1 1
Plate thickness (t)2< t [50 < t]2
# 45] # 64]
C C C
Diameter (D) 0.500 [12.5] 0.500 [12.5] 0.500 [12.5] 0.250 [6.25] ± 0.005 0.350 [8.75] ± 0.007 0.500 [12.5] ± 10.010
[0.10] [0.18] [0.25]
3 3 1
Radius, min (R) ⁄8 [10] ⁄8 [10] ⁄16 [2] optional optional optional
1 1 1
Length of reduced t + ⁄4 min [t+6] 2 ⁄4 [60] t−1 ⁄2 [t − 38] 0.625 [16] 0.875 [22] 1.250 [32]
section, min(A)
A
See Test Methods and Definitions A370 (Fig. 5 for further details and Fig. 6 for various types of ends).
B
See Test Methods and Definitions A370 (Fig. 6, specimen 3 for further details).
C
The reduced section may have a gradual taper from the ends toward the center, with the ends not more than 1 % larger in diameter than the center (controlling
dimension).
5.2 Failures occurring in the prolongations, the weld, or in 7. Keywords
the fusion line shall be considered as a “no-test,” and an
7.1 lamellar tearing; special steel-making processes; steel
additional specimen shall be tested.
plate; through-thickness tension testing
6. Marking
6.1 Plates accepted in accordance with this specification
shall be identified by stamping or stenciling ZT adjacent to the
marking required by the applicable product specification.
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
These requirements apply only when specified by the purchaser.
S1. Tensile Strength Requirements S4. Number of Tests
S1
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:A770/A770M–03 (Reapproved 2007) Designation: A770/A770M – 03
(Reapproved 2012)
Standard Specification for
Through-Thickness Tension Testing of Steel Plates for
Special Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA770/A770M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 Thisspecification coverstheproceduresandacceptancestandardsforthedeterminationofreductionofareausingatension
test specimen whose axis is perpendicular to the rolled surfaces of steel plates 1 in. [25 mm] and greater in thickness.The principal
purpose of the testing is to provide a measure of the resistance of a steel plate to lamellar tearing. (See Appendix X1.)
1.2 Thevaluesstatedineitherinch-poundunitsorSIunitsaretoberegardedasstandard.Withinthetext,theSIunitsareshown
in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the
other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.
1.3 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound and SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable “M”
specification designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
3. Ordering Information
3.1 The inquiry and order shall include the following, if required:
3.1.1 Supplementary requirements that are available to meet end use requirements (see S1 through S5).
3.1.2 Special requirements agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
4. Tension Tests
4.1 Number of Tests:
4.1.1 Two tests shall be required from each plate-as-rolled, except for plates subjected to heat treatment by quenching and
tempering. Two tests shall be required from each quenched-and-tempered plate. The tests shall be representative of the plate in its
final condition.
4.1.2 When plates are furnished by the manufacturer in an unheat-treated condition and qualified by heat-treated specimens
(including normalized, normalized and tempered, and quenched and tempered), two tests shall be required from each
plate-as-rolled.
NOTE 1—The term “plate-as-rolled’’ refers to the unit plate rolled from a slab or directly from an ingot. It does not refer to the condition of the plate.
4.2 Location of Test Coupons—Take one test coupon at each end of each plate as defined in 4.1. Take the test coupons from
the center of the plate width.
4.3 Orientation of Test Specimens—The longitudinal axis of the reduced section of the test specimens shall be perpendicular
to the rolled surface of the plate.
4.4 Preparation of Test Specimens:
4.4.1 Welded Prolongations—When required, join welded prolongations to the surface(s) of the plate being tested. The joining
method used shall be one which results in a minimal heat-affected zone in the portion of the plate to be tested. Shielded metal arc,
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM CommitteeA01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.11
on Steel Plates for Boilers and Pressure Vessels.
Current edition approved Nov.March 1, 2007.2012. Published March 2008.April 2012. Originally approved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 20032007 as
A770/A770M – 03 (2007). DOI: 10.1520/A0770_A0770M-03R0712.
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specification SA-770/SA-770M in Section II of that Code.
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. ForAnnualBookofASTMStandards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
A770/A770M – 03 (2012)
friction, stud, or electron-beam welding methods have proven to be suitable.
4.4.2 Standard Test Specimens:
4.4.2.1 Three types of standard round tension test specimens are shown in Fig. 1 and Table 1. For Types 1 and 2 specimens,
locate the center of the length of the reduced section at the approximate mid-point of the plate thickness. For Type 3 specimens,
locate the weld fusion line of one plate surface within ⁄4 in. [6 mm] of one end of the reduced section.
4.4.2.2 For plates from 1 in. [25 mm] to 1 ⁄4 in. [32 mm] inclusive in thickness, use either the 0.350-in. [8.75-mm] Type 1
specimen or the 0.500-in. [12.5-mm] Type 2 specimen.
4.4.2.3 For plates over 1 ⁄4 in. to 2 in. [50 mm] inclusive in thickness, use the 0.500-in. [12.5-mm] Type 2 specimen.
4.4.2.4 For plates greater than 2 in. [50 mm] in thickness, use the Type 3 specimen.
4.4.3 Alternative Test Specimens—The alternative test specimens in Fig. 2 and Table 2 may be used in place of the standard
specimens in Fig. 1 and Table 1.
4.4.3.1 For plates over 2 in. [50 mm] in thickness, Type A or Type B specimens may be used. The Type A specimen provides
a reduced section length greater than the plate thickness. The Type B specimen provides a reduced section length of 2 ⁄4 in. [57
mm] with its center at the mid-thickness of the plate. Over a minimum plate thickness determined by the specimen end
configuration, no welded prolongations may be needed for the Type B specimen. For plates over 4 ⁄4 in. [108 mm] in thickness,
theTypeCspecimenmaybeused.Forplatesover6in.[150mm]inthickness,aseriesoftwoormoreTypeAorTypeCspecimens
with reduced sections of 4 in. [100 mm] or less may be used to cover the full thickness of the plate. The number of tests required
will depend upon the thickness of the plate being tested and the reduced section length selected.
4.4.3.2 For plates over 1 in. [25 mm] in thickness, a series of button-head specimens shown in Fig. 2 and Table 2 may be used.
The test specimen type to be used, Type D, Type E, or Type F, is determined by the nominal plate thickness as described in Table
2.Aseries of two or moreType F specimens may be used to cover the full thickness of the plate.The length of the reduced section
(A), as shown in Fig. 2 and specified in Table 2, is the length of the reduced section excluding the machined radius (R). Within
the plate thickness dimension specified for each test specimen type, either the button-head thickness, the reduced section length,
or the machined radius may be varied. In all cases, the minimum length of the reduced section must be as specified in Table 2 to
maintain a minimum length to diameter ratio (see Appendix X2.2).
5. Acceptance Standards
5.1 Each tension test shall have a minimum reduction of area no less than 20 %. If the reduction of area of both tests is less
than 20 %, no retest shall be permitted. If the reduction of area of one of the two tests from a plate is less than 20 %, one retest
of two additional specimens taken from a location adjacent to the specimen that failed may be made, and both of these additional
specimens shall have a reduction of area of 20 % or more.
NOTE—For Type 3 only one welded prolongation may be needed,
depending upon plate thickness.
FIG. 1 Standard Round Tension Test Specimens
A770/A770M – 03 (2012)
TABLE 1 Schedule of Standard Test Specimens, Inches
A
[Millimetres]
Specimen Type
Plate thickness (t)1# t# 1 ⁄4 1< t#22< t
Diameter (D) 0.350 [8.75] 0.500 [12.5] 0.500 [12.5]
1 3 3
Radius, minimum (R) ⁄4 [6] ⁄8 [10] ⁄8 [10]
3 1 1
Length of reduced section (A)1 ⁄4 [45] 2 ⁄4 [60] 2 ⁄4 [60]
A
SeeTestMethodsandDefinitionsA370(Fig.5forfurtherdetailsandFig.6for
various types of ends).
FIG. 2 Alternative Tension Test Specimens
TABLE 2 Schedule of Alternative Test Specimens, Inches [Millimetres]
Specimen Type
A A B
A B C DE F
1 3 3 1 1
Plate thickness (t)2< t [50 < t]2
# 45] # 64]
C C C
Diameter (D) 0.500 [12.5] 0.500 [12.5] 0.500 [12.5] 0.250 [6.25] 6 0.005 0.350 [8.75] 6 0.007 0.500 [12.5] 6 10.010
[0.10] [0.18] [0.25]
3 3 1
Radius, min (R) ⁄8 [10] ⁄8 [10] ⁄16 [2] optional optional optional
1 1 1
Length of reduced t + ⁄4 min [t+6] 2 ⁄4 [60] t−1 ⁄2 [t − 38] 0.625 [16] 0.875 [22] 1.250 [32]
section, min(A)
A
See Test Methods and Definitions A370 (Fig. 5 for further details and Fig. 6 for various types of ends).
B
See Test Methods and Definitions A370 (Fig. 6, specimen 3 for further details).
C
The reduced section may have a gradual taper from the ends toward the center, with the ends not more than 1 % larger in diameter than the center (controlling
dimension).
5.2 Failures occurring in the prolongations, the weld, or in the fusion line shall be considered as a “no-test,” and an additional
specimen shall be tested.
A770/A770M – 03 (2012)
6. Marking
6.1 PlatesacceptedinaccordancewiththisspecificationshallbeidentifiedbystampingorstencilingZTadjacenttothemarking
required by the applicable product specification.
7. Keywords
7.1 lamellar tearing; special ste
...
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