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ASTM E260-96(2011)

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Packed Column Gas Chromatography

Standard Practice for Packed Column Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice describes a procedure for packed-column gas chromatography. It provides general comments, recommended techniques, and precautions. A recommended form for reporting GC methods is given in Section 14.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is intended to serve as a general guide to the application of gas chromatography (GC) with packed columns for the separation and analysis of vaporizable or gaseous organic and inorganic mixtures and as a reference for the writing and reporting of GC methods.
Note 1—This practice excludes any form of gas chromatography associated with open tubular (capillary) columns.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 8 and 9.1.3.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Oct-2011
ICS
71.040.50 - Physicochemical methods of analysis
Technical Committee
E13 - Molecular Spectroscopy and Separation Science
Drafting Committee
E13.19 - Separation Science
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM E260-96(2006) - Standard Practice for Packed Column Gas Chromatography
Effective Date
01-Nov-2011
Replaced By
ASTM E260-96(2019) - Standard Practice for Packed Column Gas Chromatography
Effective Date
01-Sep-2019
Referred By
ASTM E1510-95(2021) - Standard Practice for Installing Fused Silica Open Tubular Capillary Columns in Gas Chromatographs
Effective Date
01-Nov-2011
Referred By
ASTM F1500-98(2019) - Standard Test Method for Quantitating Non-UV-Absorbing Nonvolatile Extractables from Microwave Susceptors Utilizing Solvents as Food Simulants
Effective Date
01-Nov-2011
Referred By
ASTM E1642-00(2016) - Standard Practice for General Techniques of Gas Chromatography Infrared (GC/IR) Analysis
Effective Date
01-Nov-2011
Referred By
ASTM D3524-14(2020) - Standard Test Method for Diesel Fuel Diluent in Used Diesel Engine Oils by Gas Chromatography
Effective Date
01-Nov-2011
Referred By
ASTM E1698-95(2017) - Standard Practice for Testing Electrolytic Conductivity Detectors (ELCD) Used in Gas Chromatography
Effective Date
01-Nov-2011
Referred By
ASTM D2685-11(2019) - Standard Test Method for Air and Carbon Tetrafluoride in Sulfur Hexafluoride by Gas Chromatography
Effective Date
01-Nov-2011
Referred By
ASTM D3465-21 - Standard Guide for Purity of Monomeric Plasticizers by Gas Chromatography
Effective Date
01-Nov-2011
Referred By
ASTM D2908-91(2017) - Standard Practice for Measuring Volatile Organic Matter in Water by Aqueous-Injection Gas Chromatography
Effective Date
01-Nov-2011
Referred By
ASTM E840-95(2021)e1 - Standard Practice for Using Flame Photometric Detectors in Gas Chromatography
Effective Date
01-Nov-2011
Referred By
ASTM F1884-04(2023) - Standard Test Methods for Determining Residual Solvents in Packaging Materials
Effective Date
01-Nov-2011
Referred By
ASTM E1747-95(2019) - Standard Guide for Purity of Carbon Dioxide Used in Supercritical Fluid Applications
Effective Date
01-Nov-2011
Referred By
ASTM F1308-98(2023) - Standard Test Method for Quantitating Volatile Extractables in Microwave Susceptors Used for Food Products
Effective Date
01-Nov-2011
Referred By
ASTM D5713-23 - Standard Test Method for Analysis of High Purity Benzene for Cyclohexane Feedstock by Capillary Gas Chromatography
Effective Date
01-Nov-2011

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ASTM E260-96(2011) - Standard Practice for Packed Column Gas Chromatography
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E260 − 96 (Reapproved 2011)
Standard Practice for
1
Packed Column Gas Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E260; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope CGAG-5.4Standard for Hydrogen Piping Systems at Con-
sumer Locations
1.1 This practice is intended to serve as a general guide to
CGAP-9The Inert Gases: Argon, Nitrogen and Helium
the application of gas chromatography (GC) with packed
CGAP-12Safe Handling of Cryogenic Liquids
columns for the separation and analysis of vaporizable or
CGAV-7Standard Method of Determining Cylinder Valve
gaseous organic and inorganic mixtures and as a reference for
Outlet Connections for Industrial Gas Mixtures
the writing and reporting of GC methods.
HB-3Handbook of Compressed Gases
NOTE 1—This practice excludes any form of gas chromatography
associated with open tubular (capillary) columns.
3. Terminology
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all the safety
3.1 Terms and relations are defined in Practice E355 and
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
references therein.
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
4. Summary of Practice
limitations prior to use.Specifichazardstatementsaregivenin
Section 8 and 9.1.3.
4.1 Ablock diagram of the basic apparatus needed for a gas
chromatographic system is as shown in Fig. 1. An inert,
2. Referenced Documents
pressure or flow-controlled carrier gas flowing at a measured
2
rate passes to the injection port or gas sample valve.Asample
2.1 ASTM Standards:
isintroducedintotheinjectionport, whereit isvaporized,orif
E355Practice for Gas ChromatographyTerms and Relation-
gaseous, into a gas sample valve, and then swept into and
ships
through the column by the carrier gas. Passage through the
E516Practice for Testing Thermal Conductivity Detectors
column separates the sample into its components. The effluent
Used in Gas Chromatography
from the column passes to a detector where the response of
E594Practice for Testing Flame Ionization Detectors Used
sample components is measured as they emerge from the
in Gas or Supercritical Fluid Chromatography
column. The detector electrical output is relative to the
E697Practice for Use of Electron-Capture Detectors in Gas
concentrationofeachresolvedcomponentandistransmittedto
Chromatography
a recorder, or electronic data processing system, or both, to
E840PracticeforUsingFlamePhotometricDetectorsinGas
produce a record of the separation, or chromatogram, from
Chromatography
which detailed analysis can be obtained. The detector effluent
E1140PracticeforTestingNitrogen/PhosphorusThermionic
must be vented to a hood if the effluent contains toxic
Ionization Detectors for Use In Gas Chromatography
substances.
3
2.2 CGA Publications:
4.2 Gas chromatography is essentially a physical separation
CGAP-1SafeHandlingofCompressedGasesinContainers
technique.Theseparationisobtainedwhenthesamplemixture
in the vapor phase passes through a column containing a
stationary phase possessing special adsorptive properties. The
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E13 on Molecular
degree of separation depends upon the differences in the
Spectroscopy and Separation Science and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-
mittee E13.19 on Separation Science.
distribution of volatile compounds, organic or inorganic, be-
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2011. Published December 2011. Originally
tween a gaseous mobile phase and a selected stationary phase
approved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as E260–96(2011).
that is contained in a tube or GC column. In gas-liquid
DOI: 10.1520/E0260-96R11.
2
chromatography (GLC), the stationary phase is a nonvolatile
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
liquid or gum coated as a thin film on a finely-divided, inert
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
supportofarelativelylargesurfacearea,andthedistributionis
the ASTM website.
3
based on partition. The liquid phase should not react with, and
Available from Compressed Gas Association (CGA), 4221 Walney Rd., 5th
Floor, Chantilly, VA 20151-2923, http://www.cganet.com. should have different partition coefficients for, the various
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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ABSTRACT
This practice establishes the standard techniques that are of general use in securing and analyzing samples in microgram quantities (microanalysis) by infrared spectrophotometry. These techniques include general microspectroscopy, analysis of gas chromatographic fractions, analysis of liquid chromatographic fractions, analysis of thin-layer chromatographic fractions, analysis of paper chromatographic fractions, analysis of gases evolved from a thermogravimetric analyzer, and infrared spectroscopy using a microscope.
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1.1 This practice covers techniques that are of general use in securing and analyzing microgram quantities of samples by infrared spectrophotometric techniques. This practice makes repetition of description of specific techniques unnecessary in individual infrared methods.  
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