ASTM D2035-19

Standard Practice for Coagulation-Flocculation Jar Test of Water

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice permits the evaluation of various coagulants and coagulant aids used in the treatment of water and waste water for the same water and the same experimental conditions.  
5.2 The effects of concentration of the coagulants and coagulant aids and their order of addition can also be evaluated by this practice.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a general procedure for the evaluation of a treatment to reduce dissolved, suspended, colloidal, and nonsettleable matter from water or wastewater by chemical coagulation-flocculation, followed by gravity settling. The procedure may be used to evaluate color, turbidity, and hardness reduction.  
1.2 The practice provides a systematic evaluation of the variables normally encountered in the coagulation-flocculation process.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 28-Feb-2019
• ICS: 13.060.30 - Sewage water
• Technical Committee: D19 - Water
• Drafting Committee: D19.03 - Sampling Water and Water-Formed Deposits, Analysis of Water for Power Generation and Process Use, On-Line Water Analysis, and Surveillance of Water

Relations

• Referred By: ASTM D6161-19 - Standard Terminology Used for Microfiltration, Ultrafiltration, Nanofiltration, and Reverse Osmosis Membrane Processes
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D4188-17 - Standard Practice for Performing Pressure In-Line Coagulation-Flocculation-Filtration Test in Water
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2019

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D2035 − 19
Standard Practice for
1
Coagulation-Flocculation Jar Test of Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2035; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D6855 Test Method for Determination of Turbidity Below 5
NTU in Static Mode
1.1 This practice covers a general procedure for the evalu-
D7315 Test Method for Determination of TurbidityAbove 1
ation of a treatment to reduce dissolved, suspended, colloidal,
Turbidity Unit (TU) in Static Mode
andnonsettleablematterfromwaterorwastewaterbychemical
coagulation-flocculation, followed by gravity settling. The
3. Terminology
procedure may be used to evaluate color, turbidity, and
hardness reduction.
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard, refer to
1.2 The practice provides a systematic evaluation of the
Terminology D1129.
variables normally encountered in the coagulation-flocculation
process.
4. Summary of Practice
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard.
4.1 The coagulation-flocculation test is carried out to deter-
mine the chemicals, dosages, and conditions required to
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
achieve optimum results. The primary variables to be investi-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
gated using the recommended practice include, but are not
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
limited to:
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
4.1.1 Chemical additives,
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
4.1.2 pH,
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
4.1.3 Temperature, and
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4.1.4 Order of addition and mixing conditions.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
5. Significance and Use
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5.1 This practice permits the evaluation of various coagu-
2. Referenced Documents
lants and coagulant aids used in the treatment of water and
2
waste water for the same water and the same experimental
2.1 ASTM Standards:
conditions.
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
5.2 The effects of concentration of the coagulants and
D1293 Test Methods for pH of Water
coagulant aids and their order of addition can also be evaluated
D3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Flowing Process
by this practice.
Streams
6. Interferences
6.1 Therearesomepossibleinterferencesthatmaymakethe
determination of optimum jar test conditions difficult. These
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water and
include the following:
is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.03 on Sampling Water and
Water-Formed Deposits, Analysis of Water for Power Generation and Process Use,
6.1.1 Temperature Change (During Test)—Thermal or con-
On-Line Water Analysis, and Surveillance of Water.
vection currents may occur, interfering with the settling of
Current edition approved March 1, 2019. Published March 2019. Originally
coagulated particles. This can be prevented by temperature
approved in 1964. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D2035 – 13. DOI:
10.1520/D2035-19. control.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
6.1.2 Gas Release (During Test)—Flotation of coagulated
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
floc may occur due to gas bubble formation caused by
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. mechanicalagitator,temperatureincreaseorchemicalreaction.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2035 − 19
FIG. 1 Reagent Rack for Multiple Stirrer Jar Test Apparatus
3
6.1.3 Testing-Period—Biological activity or other factors where such specifications are available. Other grades may be
may alter the coagulation characteristics of water upon pro- used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of
longed standing. For this reason the period between sampling sufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening the
and testing should be kept to a minimu
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D2035 − 13 D2035 − 19
Standard Practice for
1
Coagulation-Flocculation Jar Test of Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2035; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers a general procedure for the evaluation of a treatment to reduce dissolved, suspended, colloidal, and
nonsettleable matter from water or wastewater by chemical coagulation-flocculation, followed by gravity settling. The procedure
may be used to evaluate color, turbidity, and hardness reduction.
1.2 The practice provides a systematic evaluation of the variables normally encountered in the coagulation-flocculation process.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D1293 Test Methods for pH of Water
D3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Flowing Process Streams
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.03 on Sampling Water and Water-Formed
Deposits, Analysis of Water for Power Generation and Process Use, On-Line Water Analysis, and Surveillance of Water.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2013March 1, 2019. Published February 2013March 2019. Originally approved in 1964. Last previous edition approved in 20082013 as
D2035 –08. – 13. DOI: 10.1520/D2035-13.10.1520/D2035-19.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2035 − 19
D6855 Test Method for Determination of Turbidity Below 5 NTU in Static Mode
D7315 Test Method for Determination of Turbidity Above 1 Turbidity Unit (TU) in Static Mode
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Definitions: For definitions of terms used in this practice, refer to Terminology D1129.
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard, refer to Terminology D1129.
4. Summary of Practice
4.1 The coagulation-flocculation test is carried out to determine the chemicals, dosages, and conditions required to achieve
optimum results. The primary variables to be investigated using the recommended practice include, but are not limited to:
4.1.1 Chemical additives,
4.1.2 pH,
4.1.3 Temperature, and
4.1.4 Order of addition and mixing conditions.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This practice permits the evaluation of various coagulants and coagulant aids used in the treatment of water and waste water
for the same water and the same experimental conditions.
5.2 The effects of concentration of the coagulants and coagulant aids and their order of addition can also be evaluated by this
practice.
6. Interferences
6.1 There are some possible interferences that may make the determination of optimum jar test conditions difficult. These
include the following:
6.1.1 Temperature Change (During Test)—Thermal or convection currents may occur, interfering with the settling of coagulated
particles. This can be prevented by temperature control.
6.1.2 Gas Release (During Test)—Flotation of coagulated floc may occur due to gas bubble formation caused by mechanical
agitator, temperature increase or chemical reaction.
6.1.3 Testing-Period—Biological activity or other factors may alter the coagulation characteristics of water upon prolonged
standing. For this reason the period between sampling an
...