ASTM C1646/C1646M-16
(Practice)Standard Practice for Making and Curing Test Specimens for Evaluating Resistance of Coarse Aggregate to Freezing and Thawing in Air-Entrained Concrete
Standard Practice for Making and Curing Test Specimens for Evaluating Resistance of Coarse Aggregate to Freezing and Thawing in Air-Entrained Concrete
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice provides standard requirements for proportioning concrete, and for preparing and conditioning test specimens suitable for evaluating the durability of coarse aggregate in air-entrained concrete subjected to freezing and thawing in accordance with Test Method C666/C666M.
4.2 Concrete having an adequate air-void system may not be resistant to freezing and thawing if it contains coarse aggregate that becomes critically saturated. An aggregate particle is considered to be critically saturated when there is insufficient unfilled pore space to accommodate the expansion of water that accompanies the freezing.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for making and curing test specimens for evaluating resistance of normal-weight coarse aggregates to freezing and thawing in air-entrained concrete in accordance with Test Method C666/C666M, Procedure A or B.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This practice does not purport to address all the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged use.2)
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C1646/C1646M − 16
Standard Practice for
Making and Curing Test Specimens for Evaluating
Resistance of Coarse Aggregate to Freezing and Thawing in
1
Air-Entrained Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1646/C1646M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* C150 Specification for Portland Cement
C173/C173M Test Method forAir Content of Freshly Mixed
1.1 This practice covers procedures for making and curing
Concrete by the Volumetric Method
test specimens for evaluating resistance of normal-weight
C192/C192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test
coarse aggregates to freezing and thawing in air-entrained
Specimens in the Laboratory
concrete in accordance with Test Method C666/C666M, Pro-
C231 Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Con-
cedure A or B.
crete by the Pressure Method
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
C490 Practice for Use ofApparatus for the Determination of
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
Length Change of Hardened Cement Paste, Mortar, and
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
Concrete
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
C494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
Concrete
with the standard.
C666/C666M Test Method for Resistance of Concrete to
Rapid Freezing and Thawing
1.3 This practice does not purport to address all the safety
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility D75 Practice for Sampling Aggregates
4
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
2.2 ACI Standard:
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
211.1 Practice for Selecting Proportions for Normal,
limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementi-
Heavyweight, and Mass Concrete
tious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to
2
skin and tissue upon prolonged use. )
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.1 Fordefinitionsoftermsusedinthisspecification,refer
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
to Terminology C125.
C33 Specification for Concrete Aggregates
C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylin-
4. Significance and Use
drical Concrete Specimens
4.1 Thispracticeprovidesstandardrequirementsforpropor-
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-
tioning concrete, and for preparing and conditioning test
gregates
specimens suitable for evaluating the durability of coarse
C143/C143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement
aggregate in air-entrained concrete subjected to freezing and
Concrete
thawing in accordance with Test Method C666/C666M.
4.2 Concretehavinganadequateair-voidsystemmaynotbe
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete
resistant to freezing and thawing if it contains coarse aggregate
andConcreteAggregatesandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeC09.67on
that becomes critically saturated. An aggregate particle is
Resistance to the Environment.
Current edition approved June 1, 2016. Published June 2016. Originally
considered to be critically saturated when there is insufficient
approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as C1646/C1646M – 8a.
unfilledporespacetoaccommodatetheexpansionofwaterthat
DOI: 10.1520/C1646_C1646M-16.
2 accompanies the freezing.
Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing,
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Volume 04.02.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available fromAmerican Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094, Farmington
the ASTM website. Hills, MI 48333-9094, http://www.aci-int.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1646/C1646M − 16
NOTE 1—As stated in Specification C494/C494M, note that “neutral-
5. Apparatus
ized Vinsol resin” is required if no material is designated by the person or
5.1 Equipment for mixing concrete and procedures for
agency for whom the testing is being performed.
making and curing test specimens shall be in
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C1646/C1646M − 08a C1646/C1646M − 16
Standard Practice for
Making and Curing Test Specimens for Evaluating
Resistance of Coarse Aggregate to Freezing and Thawing in
1
Air-Entrained Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1646/C1646M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This practice covers procedures for making and curing test specimens for evaluating resistance of normal-weight coarse
aggregates to freezing and thawing in air-entrained concrete in accordance with Test Method C666/C666M, Procedure A or B.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This practice does not purport to address all the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of
the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and
2
tissue upon prolonged use. )
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C33 Specification for Concrete Aggregates
C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
C143/C143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement Concrete
C150 Specification for Portland Cement
C173/C173M Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric Method
C192/C192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Laboratory
C231 Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Pressure Method
C490 Practice for Use of Apparatus for the Determination of Length Change of Hardened Cement Paste, Mortar, and Concrete
C494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Concrete
C666/C666M Test Method for Resistance of Concrete to Rapid Freezing and Thawing
D75 Practice for Sampling Aggregates
4
2.2 ACI Standard:
211.1 Practice for Selecting Proportions for Normal, Heavyweight, and Mass Concrete
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this specification, refer to Terminology C125.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.67 on
Resistance to the Environment.
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2008June 1, 2016. Published January 2009June 2016. Originally approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as
C1646/C1646M – 08.C1646/C1646M – 8a. DOI: 10.1520/C1646_C1646M-08A.10.1520/C1646_C1646M-16.
2
Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Volume 04.02.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
4
Available from American Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094, Farmington Hills, MI 48333-9094, http://www.aci-int.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1646/C1646M − 16
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This practice provides standard requirements for evaluating proportioning concrete, and for preparing and conditioning test
specimens suitable for evaluating the durability of coarse aggregate in air-entrained concrete subjected to freezing and thawing in
accordance with Test Method C666/C666M.
4.2 Concrete having an adequate air-void system may not be resistant to freezing and thawing if it contains coarse aggregate
that becomes critically saturated. An aggregate particle is considered to be critically saturated when there is insufficient unfilled
pore space to accommodate the expansion of water that accompanies the freezing.
4.3 The potential of the coarse aggregate to ca
...
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