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ASTM D4174-17

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Cleaning, Flushing, and Purification of Petroleum Fluid Hydraulic Systems

Standard Practice for Cleaning, Flushing, and Purification of Petroleum Fluid Hydraulic Systems

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Proper fluid condition is essential for the satisfactory performance and long life of the equipment. Prerequisites for proper lubrication and component performance are: (1) a well-designed hydraulic system, (2) the use of a suitable fluid, and (3) a maintenance program including proper filtration methods to ensure that the fluid is free of contaminants. These prerequisites are meaningless unless the hydraulic system is initially cleaned to a level that will prevent component damage on initial start up or when debris may be dislodged by any system upset.  
4.2 The cleaning and flushing of both new and used systems are accomplished by essentially the same procedure. In new systems, the emphasis is on the removal of contaminants introduced during the manufacture, storage, field fabrication, and installation. In used systems, the emphasis is on the removal of contaminants that are generated during operations, from failures that occur during operation; or contaminants introduced during overhaul. Both new and used systems may benefit from high velocity flushing to remove materials that can collect in hard to drain pockets or normally non-wetted surfaces.  
4.3 While the flushing and cleaning philosophies stated in this practice are applicable to all primary and servo hydraulic systems, the equipment specified herein does not apply to compact systems that use relatively small volumes of fluid unless they are servo systems where it is economically justified.  
4.4 It should be emphasized that the established procedures to be followed for flushing and cleaning the hydraulic systems should be accomplished through the cooperative efforts and agreement of the equipment manufacturer, the installer, the flushing service vendor, the operator, and the fluid supplier. No phase of these procedures should be undertaken without a thorough understanding of the possible effects of improper system preparation. The installation and cleaning and flushing of the equipment should not b...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers aid for the equipment manufacturer, the installer, the oil supplier and the operator in coordinating their efforts towards obtaining and maintaining clean petroleum fluid hydraulic systems. Of necessity, this practice is generalized due to variations in the type of equipment, builder's practices, and operating conditions. Constant vigilance is required throughout all phases of design, fabrication, installation, flushing, testing, and operation of hydraulic systems to minimize and reduce the presence of contaminants and to obtain optimum system reliability.  
1.2 This practice is presented in the following sequence:    
Section  
Scope  
1  
Referenced Documents  
2  
Terminology  
3  
Significance and Use  
4  
Types of Contamination  
5  
General  
5.1  
Water  
5.2  
Soluble Contaminants  
5.3  
Insoluble Contaminants  
5.4  
Lodged Contamination  
5.4.2.1  
Suspended or Loose Contamination  
5.4.2.2  
Contamination Control  
6  
General  
6.1  
Initial Filling  
6.1.1  
In-Service Units  
6.1.2  
Connection of Contamination Control System  
6.1.3  
Piping or Tubing Contamination Control System  
6.1.4  
Contamination Control Procedures  
6.2  
Full Flow Contamination Control  
6.2.1  
Bypass Contamination Control  
6.2.2  
Batch Contamination Control  
6.2.3  
Contamination Control Processes  
6.3  
Gravity  
6.3.1  
Mechanical  
6.3.2  
Centrifuge  
6.3.2.1  
Filters  
6.3.2.2  
Supplementary Methods  
6.3.3  
Limitations of Contamination Control Devices  
6.3.4  
Storage  
7  
General  
7.1  
Inspection  
8  
General  
8.1  
System Components  
8.2  
Valves, Strainers, and Coolers  
8.2.1  
Sumps and Tanks  
8.2.2  
Control Devices  
8.2.3  
Pumps  
8.2.4  
Flushing Program  
9  
General  
9.1  
Preparation of System for Flushing  
9....

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Nov-2017
ICS
23.100.01 - Fluid power systems in general
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.N0 - Hydraulic Fluids
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM D4174-17 - Standard Practice for Cleaning, Flushing, and Purification of Petroleum Fluid Hydraulic SystemsASTM D4174-17 - Standard Practice for Cleaning, Flushing, and Purification of Petroleum Fluid Hydraulic Systems
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REDLINE ASTM D4174-17 - Standard Practice for Cleaning, Flushing, and Purification of Petroleum Fluid Hydraulic SystemsREDLINE ASTM D4174-17 - Standard Practice for Cleaning, Flushing, and Purification of Petroleum Fluid Hydraulic Systems
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D4174 − 17
Standard Practice for
Cleaning, Flushing, and Purification of Petroleum Fluid
1
Hydraulic Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4174; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
Section
Filters 6.3.2.2
1.1 This practice covers aid for the equipment manufacturer,
Supplementary Methods 6.3.3
the installer, the oil supplier and the operator in coordinating Limitations of Contamination Control Devices 6.3.4
Storage 7
their efforts towards obtaining and maintaining clean petro-
General 7.1
leum fluid hydraulic systems. Of necessity, this practice is
Inspection 8
General 8.1
generalized due to variations in the type of equipment, build-
System Components 8.2
er’s practices, and operating conditions. Constant vigilance is
Valves, Strainers, and Coolers 8.2.1
required throughout all phases of design, fabrication,
Sumps and Tanks 8.2.2
installation, flushing, testing, and operation of hydraulic sys- Control Devices 8.2.3
Pumps 8.2.4
tems to minimize and reduce the presence of contaminants and
Flushing Program 9
to obtain optimum system reliability.
General 9.1
Preparation of System for Flushing 9.2
1.2 This practice is presented in the following sequence:
Fluid Heating Prior to Flushing 9.3
Selection of Flushing Oils 9.4
Section
System Operation Fluid 9.4.1
Scope 1
Special Flushing Oil 9.4.2
Referenced Documents 2
Flushing Oil Selection Guide 9.4.3
Terminology 3
Flushing Procedure for New Systems 9.5
Significance and Use 4
Flushing Oil Charge 9.5.1
Types of Contamination 5
Cleaning of Filtration Devices 9.5.2
General 5.1
Cleaning of System Components 9.5.3
Water 5.2
System Flushing and Flush Acceptance Criteria 9.5.4
Soluble Contaminants 5.3
Draining of Flushing Oil 9.5.5
Insoluble Contaminants 5.4
Displacement Oil 9.5.6
Lodged Contamination 5.4.2.1
Interim Corrosion Protection 9.5.7
Suspended or Loose Contamination 5.4.2.2
New Fluid Charge 9.5.8
Contamination Control 6
Flushing of Used Systems 9.6
General 6.1
General Guidelines 9.6.1
Initial Filling 6.1.1
Procedure 9.6.2
In-Service Units 6.1.2
System Maintenance 10
Connection of Contamination Control System 6.1.3
Preinstallation 10.2
Piping or Tubing Contamination Control System 6.1.4
In-Service Units 10.3
Contamination Control Procedures 6.2
Decision to Flush In-Service Hydraulic Systems 10.4
Full Flow Contamination Control 6.2.1
Fluid Condition Monitoring 11
Bypass Contamination Control 6.2.2
Fluid Sampling Techniques 11.2
Batch Contamination Control 6.2.3
Visual Inspection 11.3
Contamination Control Processes 6.3
Laboratory Analysis 11.4
Gravity 6.3.1
Fluid Cleanliness Criteria 11.5
Mechanical 6.3.2
General Information 12
Centrifuge 6.3.2.1
Centrifuge Ratings 12.2
Coalescence 12.3
Vacuum Dehydration 12.4
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum
Adsorption 12.5
Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of D02.N0 on
Hydraulic Fluids.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2017. Published January 2018. Originally
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
approved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D4174 – 15. DOI:
only.
10.1520/D4174-17.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4174 − 17
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the 3.1.1 nominal filtration rating—an arbitrary micrometre
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the value indicated by a filter manufacturer. Due to lack of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- reproducibility this rating is deprecated. (ANSI B93.2)
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
4. Significance and Use
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
4.1 Proper fluid condition is essential for the satisfactory
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
performance and long life of the equipment. Prerequisites for
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
proper lubrication and component performance are: (1) a
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
well-designed hydraulic system, (2) the use of a suitable fluid,
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
and (3) a maintenance program including
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4174 − 15 D4174 − 17
Standard Practice for
Cleaning, Flushing, and Purification of Petroleum Fluid
1
Hydraulic Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4174; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This practice covers aid for the equipment manufacturer, the installer, the oil supplier and the operator in coordinating their
efforts towards obtaining and maintaining clean petroleum fluid hydraulic systems. Of necessity, this practice is generalized due
to variations in the type of equipment, builder’s practices, and operating conditions. Constant vigilance is required throughout all
phases of design, fabrication, installation, flushing, testing, and operation of hydraulic systems to minimize and reduce the presence
of contaminants and to obtain optimum system reliability.
1.2 This practice is presented in the following sequence:
Section
Scope 1
Referenced Documents 2
Terminology 3
Significance and Use 4
Types of Contamination 5
General 5.1
Water 5.2
Soluble Contaminants 5.3
Insoluble Contaminants 5.4
Lodged Contamination 5.4.2.1
Suspended or Loose Contamination 5.4.2.2
Contamination Control 6
General 6.1
Initial Filling 6.1.1
In-Service Units 6.1.2
Connection of Contamination Control System 6.1.3
Piping or Tubing Contamination Control System 6.1.4
Contamination Control Procedures 6.2
Full Flow Contamination Control 6.2.1
Bypass Contamination Control 6.2.2
Batch Contamination Control 6.2.3
Contamination Control Processes 6.3
Gravity 6.3.1
Mechanical 6.3.2
Centrifuge 6.3.2.1
Filters 6.3.2.2
Supplementary Methods 6.3.3
Limitations of Contamination Control Devices 6.3.4
Storage 7
General 7.1
Inspection 8
General 8.1
System Components 8.2
Valves, Strainers, and Coolers 8.2.1
Sumps and Tanks 8.2.2
Control Devices 8.2.3
Pumps 8.2.4
Flushing Program 9
General 9.1
Preparation of System for Flushing 9.2
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of D02.N0 on
Hydraulic Fluids.
Current edition approved April 1, 2015Dec. 1, 2017. Published June 2015January 2018. Originally approved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 20102015 as
D4174 – 89 (2010).D4174 – 15. DOI: 10.1520/D4174-15.10.1520/D4174-17.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4174 − 17
Section
Fluid Heating Prior to Flushing 9.3
Selection of Flushing Oils 9.4
System Operation Fluid 9.4.1
Special Flushing Oil 9.4.2
Flushing Oil Selection Guide 9.4.3
Flushing Procedure for New Systems 9.5
Flushing Oil Charge 9.5.1
Cleaning of Filtration Devices 9.5.2
Cleaning of System Components 9.5.3
System Flushing and Flush Acceptance Criteria 9.5.4
Draining of Flushing Oil 9.5.5
Displacement Oil 9.5.6
Interim Corrosion Protection 9.5.7
New Fluid Charge 9.5.8
Flushing of Used Systems 9.6
General Guidelines 9.6.1
Procedure 9.6.2
System Maintenance 10
Preinstallation 10.2
In-Service Units 10.3
Decision to Flush In-Service Hydraulic Systems 10.4
Fluid Condition Monitoring 11
Fluid Sampling Techniques 11.2
Visual Inspection 11.3
Laboratory Analysis 11.4
Fluid Cleanliness Criteria 11.5
General Information 12
Centrifuge Ratings 12.2
Coalescence 12.3
Vacuum Dehydration 12.4
Adsorption 12.5
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transpare
...

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ASTM D4174-23(Practice)
Standard Practice for Cleaning, Flushing, and Purification of Petroleum Fluid Hydraulic Systems

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Proper fluid condition is essential for the satisfactory performance and long life of the equipment. Prerequisites for proper lubrication and component performance are: (1) a well-designed hydraulic system, (2) the use of a suitable fluid, and (3) a maintenance program including proper filtration methods to ensure that the fluid is free of contaminants. These prerequisites are meaningless unless the hydraulic system is initially cleaned to a level that will prevent component damage on initial start up or when debris may be dislodged by any system upset.  
4.2 The cleaning and flushing of both new and used systems are accomplished by essentially the same procedure. In new systems, the emphasis is on the removal of contaminants introduced during the manufacture, storage, field fabrication, and installation. In used systems, the emphasis is on the removal of contaminants that are generated during operations, from failures that occur during operation; or contaminants introduced during overhaul. Both new and used systems may benefit from high velocity flushing to remove materials that can collect in hard to drain pockets or normally non-wetted surfaces.  
4.3 While the flushing and cleaning philosophies stated in this practice are applicable to all primary and servo hydraulic systems, the equipment specified herein does not apply to compact systems that use relatively small volumes of fluid unless they are servo systems where it is economically justified.  
4.4 It should be emphasized that the established procedures to be followed for flushing and cleaning the hydraulic systems should be accomplished through the cooperative efforts and agreement of the equipment manufacturer, the installer, the flushing service vendor, the operator, and the fluid supplier. No phase of these procedures should be undertaken without a thorough understanding of the possible effects of improper system preparation. The installation and cleaning and flushing of the equipment should not b...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers aid for the equipment manufacturer, the installer, the oil supplier and the operator in coordinating their efforts towards obtaining and maintaining clean petroleum fluid hydraulic systems. Of necessity, this practice is generalized due to variations in the type of equipment, builder's practices, and operating conditions. Constant vigilance is required throughout all phases of design, fabrication, installation, flushing, testing, and operation of hydraulic systems to minimize and reduce the presence of contaminants and to obtain optimum system reliability.  
1.2 This practice is presented in the following sequence:    
Section  
Scope  
1  
Referenced Documents  
2  
Terminology  
3  
Significance and Use  
4  
Types of Contamination  
5  
General  
5.1  
Water  
5.2  
Soluble Contaminants  
5.3  
Insoluble Contaminants  
5.4  
Lodged Contamination  
5.4.2.1  
Suspended or Loose Contamination  
5.4.2.2  
Contamination Control  
6  
General  
6.1  
Initial Filling  
6.1.1  
In-Service Units  
6.1.2  
Connection of Contamination Control System  
6.1.3  
Piping or Tubing Contamination Control System  
6.1.4  
Contamination Control Procedures  
6.2  
Full Flow Contamination Control  
6.2.1  
Bypass Contamination Control  
6.2.2  
Batch Contamination Control  
6.2.3  
Contamination Control Processes  
6.3  
Gravity  
6.3.1  
Mechanical  
6.3.2  
Centrifuge  
6.3.2.1  
Filters  
6.3.2.2  
Supplementary Methods  
6.3.3  
Limitations of Contamination Control Devices  
6.3.4  
Storage  
7  
General  
7.1  
Inspection  
8  
General  
8.1  
System Components  
8.2  
Valves, Strainers, and Coolers  
8.2.1  
Sumps and Tanks  
8.2.2  
Control Devices  
8.2.3  
Pumps  
8.2.4  
Flushing Program  
9  
General  
9.1  
Preparation of System for Flushing  
9....

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ASTM
ASTM D4174-23(Practice)
Standard Practice for Cleaning, Flushing, and Purification of Petroleum Fluid Hydraulic Systems

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Proper fluid condition is essential for the satisfactory performance and long life of the equipment. Prerequisites for proper lubrication and component performance are: (1) a well-designed hydraulic system, (2) the use of a suitable fluid, and (3) a maintenance program including proper filtration methods to ensure that the fluid is free of contaminants. These prerequisites are meaningless unless the hydraulic system is initially cleaned to a level that will prevent component damage on initial start up or when debris may be dislodged by any system upset.  
4.2 The cleaning and flushing of both new and used systems are accomplished by essentially the same procedure. In new systems, the emphasis is on the removal of contaminants introduced during the manufacture, storage, field fabrication, and installation. In used systems, the emphasis is on the removal of contaminants that are generated during operations, from failures that occur during operation; or contaminants introduced during overhaul. Both new and used systems may benefit from high velocity flushing to remove materials that can collect in hard to drain pockets or normally non-wetted surfaces.  
4.3 While the flushing and cleaning philosophies stated in this practice are applicable to all primary and servo hydraulic systems, the equipment specified herein does not apply to compact systems that use relatively small volumes of fluid unless they are servo systems where it is economically justified.  
4.4 It should be emphasized that the established procedures to be followed for flushing and cleaning the hydraulic systems should be accomplished through the cooperative efforts and agreement of the equipment manufacturer, the installer, the flushing service vendor, the operator, and the fluid supplier. No phase of these procedures should be undertaken without a thorough understanding of the possible effects of improper system preparation. The installation and cleaning and flushing of the equipment should not b...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers aid for the equipment manufacturer, the installer, the oil supplier and the operator in coordinating their efforts towards obtaining and maintaining clean petroleum fluid hydraulic systems. Of necessity, this practice is generalized due to variations in the type of equipment, builder's practices, and operating conditions. Constant vigilance is required throughout all phases of design, fabrication, installation, flushing, testing, and operation of hydraulic systems to minimize and reduce the presence of contaminants and to obtain optimum system reliability.  
1.2 This practice is presented in the following sequence:    
Section  
Scope  
1  
Referenced Documents  
2  
Terminology  
3  
Significance and Use  
4  
Types of Contamination  
5  
General  
5.1  
Water  
5.2  
Soluble Contaminants  
5.3  
Insoluble Contaminants  
5.4  
Lodged Contamination  
5.4.2.1  
Suspended or Loose Contamination  
5.4.2.2  
Contamination Control  
6  
General  
6.1  
Initial Filling  
6.1.1  
In-Service Units  
6.1.2  
Connection of Contamination Control System  
6.1.3  
Piping or Tubing Contamination Control System  
6.1.4  
Contamination Control Procedures  
6.2  
Full Flow Contamination Control  
6.2.1  
Bypass Contamination Control  
6.2.2  
Batch Contamination Control  
6.2.3  
Contamination Control Processes  
6.3  
Gravity  
6.3.1  
Mechanical  
6.3.2  
Centrifuge  
6.3.2.1  
Filters  
6.3.2.2  
Supplementary Methods  
6.3.3  
Limitations of Contamination Control Devices  
6.3.4  
Storage  
7  
General  
7.1  
Inspection  
8  
General  
8.1  
System Components  
8.2  
Valves, Strainers, and Coolers  
8.2.1  
Sumps and Tanks  
8.2.2  
Control Devices  
8.2.3  
Pumps  
8.2.4  
Flushing Program  
9  
General  
9.1  
Preparation of System for Flushing  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This guide is meant to aid response teams who may use it during spill response planning and spill events.  
3.2 This guide should be adapted to site specific circumstance.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the use of oil spill dispersants to assist in the control of oil spills. The guide is written with the goal of minimizing the environmental impacts of oil spills; this goal is the basis on which the recommendations are made. Aesthetic and socioeconomic factors are not considered, although these and other factors are often important in spill response.  
1.2 Spill responders have available several means to control or clean up spilled oil. Chemical dispersants should be given equal consideration with other spill countermeasures.  
1.3 This is a general guide only. Oil, as used in this guide, includes crude oils and refined petroleum products. Differences between individual dispersants or between different oil products are not considered. The dispersibility of the oil with the chosen dispersant should be evaluated.  
1.4 The guide is organized by habitat type, for example, small ponds and lakes, rivers and streams, and land. It considers the use of dispersants primarily to protect habitats from impact (or to minimize impacts).  
1.5 This guide applies only to freshwater and other inland environments. It does not consider the direct application of dispersants to subsurface waters.  
1.6 In making dispersant use decisions, appropriate government authorities should be consulted as required by law.  
1.7 This guide does not address getting regulatory approval.  
1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D8139-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Semi-Rigid, Closed-Cell Polypropylene Foam, Preformed Expansion Joint Fillers for Concrete Paving and Structural Construction

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers preformed expansion joint fillers made from closed-cell polypropylene foam materials having suitable compressibility, recovery from compression, nonextruding, and weather-resistant characteristics.  
1.1.1 Type I, closed-cell polypropylene foam.  
1.2 These joint fillers are intended for use in concrete pavements in full-depth joints. There are several variations in size with typical thicknesses of 1/2 in. (12.7 mm), 3/4 in. (19.05 mm), and 1 in. (25.4 mm); typical widths of 31/2 in. (88.9 mm), 4 in. (101.6 mm), 5 in. (127 mm), 6 in. (152.5 mm), 7 in. (177.8 mm), 8 in. (203.2 mm), or 48 in. (1.2 m) sheet; and typical lengths of 5 ft (1.52 m) and 10 ft (3.05 m).  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D6390-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Draindown Characteristics in Uncompacted Asphalt Mixtures

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method can be used to determine whether the amount of draindown measured for a given asphalt mixture is within specified acceptable levels. The test provides an evaluation of the draindown potential of an asphalt mixture during mixture design and/or during field production. This test is primarily used for mixtures with high coarse aggregate content such as porous asphalt (open-graded friction course) and stone matrix asphalt (SMA).
Note 1: The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount of draindown in an uncompacted asphalt mixture sample when the sample is held at elevated temperatures comparable to those encountered during the production, storage, transport, and placement of the mixture. The test is particularly applicable to mixtures such as porous asphalt (open-graded friction course) and stone matrix asphalt (SMA).  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D545-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Preformed Expansion Joint Fillers for Concrete Construction (Nonextruding and Resilient Types)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The compression resistance perpendicular to the faces, the resistance to the extrusion during compression, and the ability to recover after release of the load are indicative of a joint filler's ability to continuously fill a concrete expansion joint and thereby prevent damage that might otherwise occur during thermal expansion. The asphalt content is a measure of the fiber-type joint filler's durability and life expectancy. In the case of cork-type fillers, the resistance to water absorption and resistance to boiling hydrochloric acid are relative measures of durability and life expectancy.
Note 2: The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the physical properties associated with preformed expansion joint fillers. The test methods include:    
Property  
Section  
Expansion in Boiling Water  
7.1  
Recovery and Compression  
7.2  
Extrusion  
7.3  
Boiling in Hydrochloric Acid  
7.4  
Asphalt Content  
7.5  
Water Absorption  
7.6  
Density  
7.7
Note 1: Specific test methods are applicable only to certain types of joint fillers, as stated herein.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D517-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Asphalt Plank

ABSTRACT
This specification covers asphalt plank used for bridge decks as well as for industrial floors. Asphalt planks shall be classified according to usage: Type Ia; Type Ib; and Type II. Asphalt plank shall be formed from a mixture of asphalt, fibers, modifiers, or a combination thereof, and mineral filler in such a manner as to produce a uniformly dense mass. The following test methods shall be intended to measure those attributes necessary to measure the ability of asphalt plank to provide a reasonably long and satisfactory service: absorption; brittleness; dimensions; and hardness.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers asphalt plank used for bridge decks as well as for industrial floors.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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