ASTM D5416-95

Standard Test Method for Evaluating Abrasion Resistance of Stretch Wrap Films by Vibration Testing

SCOPE
1.1 This test method compares the abrasion resistance of similar types of stretch wrap films.  
1.2  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-Jul-1995
• Technical Committee: D10 - Packaging
• Drafting Committee: D10.25 - Palletizing and Unitizing of Loads

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D5416-95(2001) - Standard Test Method for Evaluating Abrasion Resistance of Stretch Wrap Films by Vibration Testing
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-1995

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or
withdrawn. Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 5416 – 95
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Test Method for
Evaluating Abrasion Resistance of Stretch Wrap Films by
1
Vibration Testing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5416; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4.3 This test method is meant to simulate, in an accelerated
mode, the abrasion that an outer wrapping of film might
1.1 This test method compares the abrasion resistance of
encounter in a typical shipping and distribution environment.
similar types of stretch wrap films.
4.4 This is a test procedure that allows the user to make
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
relative comparisons of the abrasion resistance of a film, such
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
as that the film is containing a palletized load while that load
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
is undergoing vibration.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5. Equipment and Preparation
5.1 Load Wrapping Apparatus—A machine or apparatus to
2. Referenced Documents
wrap the test load. The method of application is preferably as
2.1 ASTM Standards:
near as possible to that used in an actual production situation
D 996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-
(for example, stretch wrapper or manual wrapping unit).
2
ments
5.2 Vertical Vibration Table, preferably equipped with the
D 999 Methods for Vibration Testing of Shipping Contain-
capability of varying the frequency or amplitude, or both, of
2
ers
vibration in a controlled fashion and maintaining a set vibration
mode.
3. Terminology
5.3 Upright Supports—Rigid upright supports that can be
3.1 Definitions—General definitions for packaging and dis-
bolted or secured otherwise to the vibration table. These
tribution environments are found in Terminology D 996.
supports shall also be adjusted laterally so as to confine the test
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
load and prevent excessive side to side movement or toppling.
3.2.1 overlap—the width of stretch wrap material that
5.4 Abrasive Surfaces, attached to the inner faces of upright
covers a previous layer of stretch wrap material.
supports so that the wrapped test load comes into contact with
3.2.2 stretch wrap material—a material used for overwrap-
and abrades against this surface during the test sequence.
ping, which when applied under tension, elongates and con-
5.4.1 The abrasive surface can be composed of any one of a
forms to the item(s) packaged through elastic recovery.
variety of possible substances, chosen at the user’s discretion,
3.2.3 wrap cycle—the series of operations used to wrap a
to simulate the actual abrasive surfaces that might be encoun-
load.
tered in the actual distribution cycle. Possibilities include
rough side of exterior-grade plywood, wooden slats, corrugated
4. Significance and Use
metal, corrugated paperboard, brick facings, and standard grit
4.1 This test method is intended to provide only a compara-
sandpaper.
tive procedure for evaluating unknown films against a standard
5.5 Timing Device—Stopwatch, clock, or timer.
or control film whose performance has been defined as
5.6 Accelerometer (optional), which may be used to mea-
adequate in actual field conditions.
sure the output response of the test load at various vibration
4.2 This test method leaves open to the discretion of the user
table input amplitudes. This is the most accurate way of
several key factors, including film wrap method, abrasion
determining the resonant frequency of the test load.
surfaces, and definition of failure, so that it can be tailored to
6. Procedure
an individual user’s distribution parameters.
6.1 Prepare two single columns of units to be wrapped.
6.2 Wrap each single column of units individually using the
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-10 on method to be used under normal conditions.
Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.25 on Palletizing
6.3 If other stretch levels are not defined in the production
and Unitizing of Loads.
situation, the standard levels of stretch film application of 50,
Current edition approved July 15, 1995. Published September 1995. Originally
100, or 150 % stretch may be used.
published as D 5416 – 94. Last previous edition D 5416 – 94.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.09. 6.4 If it is desire
...