ASTM A749/A749M-97(2002)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Steel, Strip, Carbon and High-Strength, Low-Alloy, Hot-Rolled, General Requirements for
Standard Specification for Steel, Strip, Carbon and High-Strength, Low-Alloy, Hot-Rolled, General Requirements for
ABSTRACT
This specification covers the general requirements for hot-rolled steel strip in coils and cut lengths. It applies to carbon steel and high-strength, low-alloy steel furnished as hot-rolled. Hot-rolled material shall be furnished hot-rolled, not annealed, or pickled. The chemical composition shall be in accordance with the applicable product specification. Where the material is used for fabrication by welding, care must be exercised in the selection of chemical composition or mechanical properties to ensure compatibility with the welding process and its effect on altering the properties. A heat analysis shall be conducted to determine the percentage of elements specified or restricted by the applicable specification. The specimens shall be subjected to bend and tension tests.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the general requirements for hot-rolled steel strip in coils and cut lengths. It applies to carbon steel and high-strength, low-alloy steel furnished as hot-rolled.
1.2 This specification is not applicable to hot-rolled heavy-thickness carbon sheet and strip coils (ASTM Specification A 635/A 635M), cold-rolled carbon steel strip (ASTM Specification A 109 or A 109M), high-strength, low-alloy cold-rolled steel (ASTM Specifications A 606 and A 607) or cold-rolled carbon spring steel (ASTM Specification A 682 or A 682M).
1.3 In case of any conflict in requirements, the requirements of the individual material specification shall prevail over those of this general specification.
1.4 For the purposes of determining conformance with this and the appropriate product specification referenced under , values shall be rounded to the nearest unit in the right hand place of figures used in expressing the limiting values in accordance with the rounding method of Practice E 29.
1.5 Annex A1 lists permissible variations in dimensions and mass (Note 1) in SI [metric] units. The values listed are not exact conversions of the values listed in the inch-pound tables, but instead are rounded or rationalized values. Conformance to is mandatory when the "M" specification is used.
Note 1—The term "weight" is used when inch-pound units are the standard; however, under SI, the preferred term is "mass."
1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.
1.7 This specification and the applicable material specifications are expressed in both inch-pound units and SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable "M" specification designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: A 749/A749M – 97 (Reapproved 2002)
Standard Specification for
Steel, Strip, Carbon and High-Strength, Low-Alloy, Hot-
Rolled, General Requirements for
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA749/A749M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope However, unless the order specifies the applicable “M” speci-
fication designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished
1.1 This specification covers the general requirements for
to inch-pound units.
hot-rolled steel strip in coils and cut lengths. It applies to
carbon steel and high-strength, low-alloy steel furnished as
2. Referenced Documents
hot-rolled.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.2 This specification is not applicable to hot-rolled heavy-
A 109 Specification for Steel, Strip, Carbon, Cold-Rolled
thickness carbon sheet and strip coils (ASTM Specification
A 109M Specification for Steel, Strip, Carbon, Cold-Rolled
A 635/A 635M), cold-rolled carbon steel strip (ASTM Speci-
(Metric)
fication A 109 or A 109M), high-strength, low-alloy cold-
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for MechanicalTesting
rolled steel (ASTM Specifications A 606 and A 607) or cold-
of Steel Products
rolled carbon spring steel (ASTM Specification A 682 or
A 606 Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip, High-
A 682M).
Strength, Low-Alloy, Hot-Rolled and Cold-Rolled, with
1.3 In case of any conflict in requirements, the requirements
Improved Atmospheric Corrosion Resistance
of the individual material specification shall prevail over those
A 607 Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip, High-
of this general specification.
Strength, Low-Alloy, Columbium or Vanadium, or Both,
1.4 For the purposes of determining conformance with this
Hot-Rolled and Cold-Rolled
and the appropriate product specification referenced under 2.1,
A 635/A635M Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip,
values shall be rounded to the nearest unit in the right hand
Heavy-Thickness Coils, Carbon, Hot-Rolled
place of figures used in expressing the limiting values in
A 682 Specification for Steel, Strip, High-Carbon, Cold-
accordance with the rounding method of Practice E 29.
Rolled, Spring Quality, General Requirements For
1.5 AnnexA1 lists permissible variations in dimensions and
A 682M Specification for Steel, Strip, High-Carbon, Cold-
mass (Note 1) in SI [metric] units. The values listed are not
Rolled, Spring Quality, General Requirements For (Met-
exact conversions of the values listed in the inch-pound tables,
ric)
but instead are rounded or rationalized values. Conformance to
A 700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading
Annex A1 is mandatory when the “M” specification is used.
Methods for Steel Products for Domestic Shipment
NOTE 1—The term “weight” is used when inch-pound units are the
A 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for
standard; however, under SI, the preferred term is “mass.”
Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
E 11 Specification for Wire-Cloth Sieves for Testing Pur-
are to be regarded as standard. Within the text, the SI units are
poses
shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not
E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used inde-
Determine Conformance with Specifications
pendentlyoftheother.Combiningvaluesfromthetwosystems
E 290 TestMethodforSemi-GuidedBendTestforDuctility
may result in nonconformance with the specification.
of Metallic Materials
1.7 This specification and the applicable material specifica-
2.2 Military Standards:
tions are expressed in both inch-pound units and SI units.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
1 3
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.05.
Stainless Steel, and RelatedAlloys, and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
A01.19 on Steel Sheet and Strip. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
Current edition approved November 10, 2002. Published January 2003. Origi- AvailablefromStandardizationDocumentsOrderDesk,Bldg.4SectionD,700
nally approved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 1997 as A 749 – 97. Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
A 749/A749M – 97 (2002)
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage 4. Materials and Manufacture
MIL-STD-163 Steel Mill Products, Preparation for Ship-
4.1 Unless otherwise specified, hot-rolled material shall be
ment and Storage
furnished hot-rolled, not annealed or pickled.
2.3 Federal Standards:
5. Chemical Composition
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipments (Civil Agencies)
5.1 Limits:
Fed.Std.No.183 ContinuousIdentificationMarkingofIron
5.1.1 The chemical composition shall be in accordance with
and Steel Products
the applicable product specification. However, if other compo-
sitions are required for carbon steel, they shall be prepared in
3. Terminology
accordance with Appendix X1.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: Descrip-
5.1.2 Where the material is used for fabrication by welding,
tions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
care must be exercised in the selection of chemical composi-
tion or mechanical properties to ensure compatibility with the
3.1.1 Steel Types:
welding process and its effect on altering the properties.
3.1.2 carbon steel—the designation for steel when no mini-
5.2 Cast or Heat (Formerly Ladle) Analysis:
mum content is specified or required for aluminum, chromium,
5.2.1 An analysis of each cast or heat of steel shall be made
cobalt, columbium, molybdenum, nickel, titanium, tungsten,
by the manufacturer to determine the percentage of elements
vanadium, zirconium, or any element added to obtain a desired
specified or restricted by the applicable specification.
alloying effect; when the specified minimum for copper does
5.2.2 When requested, cast or heat analysis for elements
notexceed0.40 %;orwhenthemaximumcontentspecifiedfor
listed or required shall be reported to the purchaser or to his
any of the following elements does not exceed the percentages
representative.
noted; manganese 1.65, silicon 0.60, or copper 0.60.
5.3 Product, Check, or Verification Analysis:
Discussion—In all carbon steels small quantities of certain
5.3.1 Nonkilled steels (such as capped or rimmed) are not
residual elements unavoidably retained from raw materials are
technologically suited to product analysis due to the nonuni-
sometimes found which are not specified or required, such as
formcharacteroftheirchemicalcompositionandtherefore,the
copper, nickel, molybdenum, chromium, etc. These elements
tolerances in Table 1 do not apply. Product analysis is appro-
areconsideredasincidentalandarenotnormallydeterminedor
priate on these types of steel only when misapplication is
reported.
apparent or for copper when copper steel is specified.
3.1.3 high-strength, low-alloy steel—a specific group of
5.3.2 For steels other than nonkilled (capped or rimmed),
steels in which higher strength, and in some cases additional
product analysis may be made by the purchaser. The chemical
resistance to atmospheric corrosion, are obtained by moderate
analysis shall not vary from the limits specified by more than
amounts of one or more alloying elements.
the amounts in Table 1. The several determinations of any
3.1.4 Product Types:
element in a cast shall not vary both above and below the
3.1.5 hot-rolled strip—manufactured by hot rolling billets
specified range.
or slabs to the required thickness. It may be produced single
5.4 Sampling for Product Analysis:
width or by rolling multiple width and slitting to the desired
5.4.1 To indicate adequately the representative composition
width. It can be supplied in coils or cut lengths as specified.
of a cast by product analysis, it is general practice to select
Width, in. Thickness, in.
samples to represent the steel, as fairly as possible, from a
Over Through Over Through
minimum number of pieces as follows: 3 pieces for lots up to
15 tons inclusive, and 6 pieces for lots over 15 tons [15 Mg].
... 3 ⁄2 0.044 0.203
3 ⁄2 6 0.044 0.203
5.4.2 When the steel is subject to tension test requirements,
6 12 0.044 0.230 excl
samples for product analysis may be taken either by drilling
Width, mm Thickness, mm
Over Through Over Through
A
TABLE 1 Tolerances for Product Analysis
... 100 1.2 5.0
100 200 1.2 5.0
200 300 1.2 6.0, excl Element Limit, or Maximum of Tolerances
Specified
Under Minimum Over Maximum
Element, %
Hot-rolled, high-strength, low-alloy strip is commonly avail-
Limit Limit
able by size as follows:
Carbon to 0.15, incl 0.02 0.03
Width, in. Thickness, in.
over 0.15 to 0.40, incl 0.03 0.04
Over Through From Through over 0.40 to 0.80, incl 0.03 0.05
over 0.80 0.03 0.06
Coils & Cut Coils Manganese to 0.60, incl 0.03 0.03
Lengths Only
over 0.60 to 1.15, incl 0.04 0.04
... 6 0.054 0.203 0.230 excl
over 1.15 to 1.65, incl 0.05 0.05
6 12 0.054 0.230 0.230 excl
Phosphorus . . . 0.01
Sulfur . . . 0.01
Width, mm Thickness, mm
Silicon to 0.30, incl 0.02 0.03
Over Through Over Through
over 0.30 to 0.60, incl 0.05 0.05
Copper 0.02 . . .
... 200 1.8 5.0
200 300 1.8 6.0, excl A
See 6.3.1.
A 749/A749M – 97 (2002)
entirely through the used tension test specimens themselves or upon bending a sheared or burned edge. This is not considered
in accordance with 5.4.3. to be a fault of the steel but is rather a function of the induced
5.4.3 When the steel is not subject to tension test require- cold-work or heat-affected zone.
ments, the samples for analysis must be taken by milling or
7. Dimensions, Tolerances, and Allowances
drilling entirely through the strip in a sufficient number of
places so that the samples are representative of the entire strip.
7.1 Dimensions, tolerances, and allowances applicable to
Thesamplingmaybefacilitatedbyfoldingthestripbothways,
products covered by this specification are contained in Tables
so that several samples may be taken at one drilling. Steel
2-9 [Annex A1, Tables A1.1-A1.7]. The appropriate tolerance
subjected to certain heating operations by the purchaser may
tables shall be identified in each individual specification.
not give chemical analysis results that properly represent its
original composition. Therefore, users must analyze chips 8. Workmanship
taken from the steel in the condition in which it is received
8.1 Cut lengths shall have a workmanlike appearance and
from the steel manufacturer.
shall not have imperfections of a nature or degree for the
5.5 Specimen Preparation—Drillings or chips must be
product, the grade, and the quality ordered that will be
taken without the application of water, oil, or other lubricant,
detrimental to the fabrication of the finished part.
and must be free of scale, grease, dirt, or other foreign
8.2 Coils may contain some abnormal imperfections that
substances. They must not be overheated during cutting to the
render a portion of the coil unusable since the inspection of
extent of causing decarburization. Chips must be well mixed,
coils does not afford the producer the same opportunity to
and those too coarse to pass a No. 10 (2.00-mm) sieve or too
remove portions containing imperfections as in the case with
fine to remain on a No. 30 (600-µm) sieve are not suitable for
cut lengths.
proper analysis. Sieve size numbers are in accordance with
Specification E 11.
9. Finish and Condition
5.6 Test Methods—In case a referee analysis is required and
9.1 Hot-rolled strip has a surface with an oxide or scale
agreed upon to resolve a dispute concerning the results of a
resulting from the hot-rolling operation.The oxide or scale can
chemical analysis, the procedure for performing the referee
be removed by pickling or blast cleaning when required for
analysis must be in accordance with the latest issue of Test
press-work operations or welding. Hot-rolled and hot-rolled
Methods, Practices, and Terminology A 751, unless otherwise
descaled strip are not generally used for exposed parts where
agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
surface is of prime importance. However, hot-rolled surface
might be of importance, as in the case of weathering steels for
6. Mechanical Properties
exposed parts.
6.1 The mechanical property requirements, number of
9.1.1 Hot-rolled strip can be supplied with mill edges,
specimens, test locations, and specimen orientation shall be in
square edges, or cut (slit) edges as specified.
accordance with the applicable product specification.
9.1.1.1 Mill edges are the natural edges resulting from the
6.2 Unless otherwise specified in the applicable product
hot-rolling operation and are generally round and smooth
specification, test specimens must be prepared in accordance
without any definite contour.
with Test Methods and Definitions A 370.
9.1.1.2 Square edges are the edges resulting from rolling
6.3 Mechanical tests shall be conducted in accordance with
through vertical edging rolls during the hot-rolling operations.
Test Methods and Definitions A 370.
These edges are square and smooth, with the corners slightly
6.4 Bend tests, where required, shall be conducted in
rounded.
compliance with Test Methods E 290.
9.1.1.3 Cut (slit) edges are the normal edges that result from
6.5 To determine conformance with the product specifica-
the shearing, slitting, or trimming of mill edges.
tion, a calculated value should be rounded to the nearest 1 ksi
9.1.2 The ends of plain hot-rolled mill-edge coils are
[7 MPa] tensile strength and yield point or yield strength, and
irregularinshapeandarereferredtoasuncroppedends.Where
to the nearest unit in the right hand place of figures used in
such ends are not acceptable, the purchaser’s order should so
expressing the limiting value for other values in accordance
specify. Processed coils such as pickled or blast cleaned are
with the rounding off method given in Practice E 29.
supplied with square-cut ends.
6.6 Structural steels are commonly fabricated by cold bend-
9.2 Oiling:
ing.Therearemanyinterrelatedfactorsthataffecttheabilityof
a given steel to cold form over a given radius under shop
conditions. These factors include thickness, strength level,
TABLE 2 Index of Tables for Dimensions, Tolerances, and
degree of restraint, relationship to rolling directi
...
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