ASTM C199-22

Standard Test Method for Pier Test for Refractory Mortars

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method is used to estimate the application temperature limits of a refractory mortar and will establish its classification.  
3.2 This test method will be regarded as a pass or fail test because the results are based on observations of whether the mortar flowed from the joints as a result of the heat treatment used.  
3.3 Results obtained by this test method will not agree with those obtained in service when heating is done from only one side.  
3.4 This test method is not applicable for testing nonaqueous mortars.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of refractoriness of all types of refractory mortar by heating a pier of brick laid up with the test mortar to learn whether the prescribed heat treatment causes the mortar to flow out of the joints.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Jan-2022
• ICS: 91.100.10 - Cement. Gypsum. Lime. Mortar
• Technical Committee: C08 - Refractories
• Drafting Committee: C08.01 - Strength

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C199 − 22
Standard Test Method for
1
Pier Test for Refractory Mortars
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C199; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3.2 This test method will be regarded as a pass or fail test
because the results are based on observations of whether the
1.1 This test method covers the determination of refractori-
mortar flowed from the joints as a result of the heat treatment
ness of all types of refractory mortar by heating a pier of brick
used.
laid up with the test mortar to learn whether the prescribed heat
treatment causes the mortar to flow out of the joints. 3.3 Results obtained by this test method will not agree with
those obtained in service when heating is done from only one
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
side.
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only 3.4 This test method is not applicable for testing nonaque-
and are not considered standard.
ous mortars.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4. Apparatus
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.1 Brick—Three 9-in. (228-mm) straight fireclay or high-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
alumina brick, conforming to the following respective require-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ments for refractories:
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
A
Class of Mortar to be Tested PCE, Not Lower Than Cone No.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
High-alumina 36
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Super-duty 33
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1
High-duty 31 ⁄2
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Medium-duty 29
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
A
See Test Method C24.
2. Referenced Documents
4.2 Spacing Rods—Nine joint-thickness spacing rods made
3
2 of ⁄32-in. (2-mm) diameter drill rod, cut into 6-in. (152-mm)
2.1 ASTM Standards:
lengths.
C24 Test Method for Pyrometric Cone Equivalent (PCE) of
Fireclay and High-Alumina Refractory Materials
4.3 Drying Oven, to accommodate five 9-in. (228-mm)
C113 Test Method for Reheat Change of Refractory Brick
straight brick standing on end, for use at 220 to 230 °F (105 to
110 °C).
3. Significance and Use
4.4 Furnace, capable of heating the test pier uniformly at
3.1 This test method is used to estimate the application
one of four temperatures, the highest being 3100 °F (1705 °C).
temperature limits of a refractory mortar and will establish its
classification.
5. Sampling
5.1 The sample of mortar evaluated will be a prepared test
sample of about 10 lb (4.5 kg). If a larger quantity is presented,
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 on
ranging in size up to a commercial container, it must be
Refractories and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.01 on Strength.
reduced in size to about 10 lb (4.5 kg) for evaluation. To do
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2022. Published February 2022. Originally
this, the contents of the container shall be thoroughly mixed in
approved in 1945. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as C199 – 84 (2016).
DOI: 10.1520/C0199-22.
the container, or transferred without loss to a clean impervious
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
receptacle of larger size and mixed thoroughly to a uniform
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
consistency. A 10-lb (4.5-kg) test sample shall then be taken
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. and sealed in a metal or glass container.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C199 − 22
6. Test Specimens 7.2 Drying and Heat Treatment of Pier:
7.2.1 After constructing the pier and removing the spacing
6.1 The test mortar shall be of troweling consistency. When
rods, allow it to air-dry undisturbed at room temperature for
working with wet mortars not at this consistency small
2
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C199 − 84 (Reapproved 2016) C199 − 22
Standard Test Method for
1
Pier Test for Refractory Mortars
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C199; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of refractoriness of all types of refractory mortar by heating a pier of brick laid up
with the test mortar to learn whether the prescribed heat treatment causes the mortar to flow out of the joints.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C24 Test Method for Pyrometric Cone Equivalent (PCE) of Fireclay and High-Alumina Refractory Materials
C113 Test Method for Reheat Change of Refractory Brick
3. Significance and Use
3.1 This test method is used to estimate the application temperature limits of a refractory mortar and will establish its
classification.
3.2 This test method will be regarded as a pass or fail test because the results are based on observations of whether the mortar
flowed from the joints as a result of the heat treatment used.
3.3 Results obtained by this test method will not agree with those obtained in service when heating is done from only one side.
3.4 This test method is not applicable for testing nonaqueous mortars.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 on Refractories and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.01 on Strength.
Current edition approved June 1, 2016Feb. 1, 2022. Published June 2016February 2022. Originally approved in 1945. Last previous edition approved in 20112016 as
C199 – 84 (2016). (2011). DOI: 10.1520/C0199-84R16.10.1520/C0199-22.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C199 − 22
4. Apparatus
4.1 Brick—Three 9-in. (228-mm) straight fireclay or high-alumina brick, conforming to the following respective requirements for
refractories:
A
Class of Mortar to be Tested PCE, Not Lower than Cone No.
High-alumina 36
Super-duty 33
1
High-duty 31 ⁄2
Medium-duty 29
A
See Test Method C24.
A
Class of Mortar to be Tested PCE, Not Lower Than Cone No.
High-alumina 36
Super-duty 33
1
High-duty 31 ⁄2
Medium-duty 29
A
See Test Method C24.
3
4.2 Spacing Rods—Spacing Rods—Nine joint-thickness spacing rods made of ⁄32-in. (2-mm) diameter drill rod, cut into 6-in.
(152-mm) lengths.
4.3 Drying Oven, to accommodate five 9-in. (228-mm) straight brick standing on end, for use at 220 to 230°F230 °F (105 to
110°C).110 °C).
4.4 Furnace, capable of heating the test pier uniformly at one of four temperatures, the highest being 3100°F (1705°C).3100 °F
(1705 °C).
5. Sampling
5.1 The sample of mortar evaluated will be a prepared test sample of about 10 lb (4.5 kg). If a larger quantity is presented, ranging
in size up to a commercial container, it must be reduced in size to about 10 lb (4.5 kg) for evaluation. To do this, the contents of
the container shall be thoroughly mixed in the container, or transferred without loss to a clean impervious receptacle of larger size
and mixed thoroughly to a uniform consistency.
...