ASTM D2399-12
(Practice)Standard Practice for Selection of Cutback Asphalts
Standard Practice for Selection of Cutback Asphalts
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice defines various types of bituminous paving construction for which cutback asphalt may be used. In addition, it delineates the types and grades recommended for each specific use.
This practice provides the basic concepts on which the use recommendations have been made. It also provides a rationale by which the user may judiciously select a material for a specific job application from among those generally recommended.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the selection of cutback asphalts of the slow, medium, and rapid curing types for various paving and allied uses. Slow-curing cutback asphalts are also called road oils.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or English units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D2399 − 12
Standard Practice for
1
Selection of Cutback Asphalts
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2399; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.2 bitumen-aggregate mixture—a combination of bitumi-
nous material and aggregate that is physically mixed by
1.1 This practice covers the selection of cutback asphalts of
mechanical and thermal means, spread on the job-site, and
the slow, medium, and rapid curing types for various paving
compacted.
and allied uses. Slow-curing cutback asphalts are also called
3.1.3 bitumen applications—the uses of sprayed bituminous
road oils.
coatings not involving the use of aggregates. Uses of liquid
bitumeninthisgroupareallclassedastreatments.(See surface
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or English units are
to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated in each treatments.)
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system 3.1.4 cold-laid plant mix—a mixture of liquid bitumen and
shall be used independently of the other. Combining values mineral aggregate prepared in a central bituminous mixing
from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the plant and spread and compacted at the job-site when the
standard. mixture is at or near ambient temperature.
3.1.5 dense-graded aggregate—aggregate that is graded
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
from the maximum size down to filler with the object of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
obtaining a bituminous mix with a controlled void content and
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
high stability.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.6 dust binder— a light application of bituminous mate-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
rial for the express purpose of laying and bonding loose dust.
3.1.7 mixed-in-place (road mix)—a bituminous course pro-
2. Referenced Documents
duced by mixing mineral aggregate and liquid bitumen at the
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
job-site by means of travel plants, motor graders, drags, or
D2026 Specification for Cutback Asphalt (Slow-Curing special road-mixing equipment. Pavement base and surfaces,
Type) mixed in place, may utilize open-graded aggregates (3.1.10),
D2027 Specification for Cutback Asphalt (Medium-Curing dense-graded aggregates (3.1.5), sand (3.1.15), or sandy soil
Type) (3.1.17).
D2028 Specification for Cutback Asphalt (Rapid-Curing 3.1.8 mulch treatment—a spray application of bituminous
Type)
material used to temporarily stabilize a recently seeded area.
The bitumen can also be applied to straw or hay mulch as a
3. Terminology tie-down.
3.1.9 multiple surface treatment—two or more surface treat-
3.1 Definitions:
ments placed one on the other.The maximum aggregate size of
3.1.1 bitumen-aggregate applications—the spraying of liq-
each successive treatment is usually one half that of the
uid bitumen on prepared aggregate or pavement surfaces,
previous one, and the total thickness is about the same as the
which subsequently are covered with graded aggregate.
nominal maximum size aggregate particles of the first course.
3.1.10 open-graded aggregate—one containing little or no
mineral filler and in which the void spaces in the compacted
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road and aggregate are relatively large.
Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.40 on
3.1.11 patch mix—a mixture of bituminous material and
Asphalt Specifications.
mineral aggregate for patching holes, depressions, and dis-
Current edition approved June 15, 2012. Published July 2012. Originally
tressed areas in existing pavements. These mixes are suitable
approved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D2399 – 83 (2005).
DOI: 10.1520/D2399-12.
foruseinrelativelysmallareas,appliedatambienttemperature
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
using hand-laying and hand-compaction techniques. These
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
mixes may be designed for immediate use or for stock-piling
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. for a period of time prior to use.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D2399 − 12
3.1.12 pavement base and surfaces—the lower or underly- 3.1.18 single-surface treatment—a single a
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D2399–83 (Reapproved 2005) Designation:D2399–12
Standard Practice for
1
Selection of Cutback Asphalts
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2399; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers the selection of cutback asphalts of the slow, medium, and rapid curing types for various paving and
allied uses. Slow-curing cutback asphalts are also called road oils.
1.2The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or English units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2026 Specification for Cutback Asphalt (Slow-Curing Type)
D2027 Specification for Cutback Asphalt (Medium-Curing Type)
D2028 Specification for Cutback Asphalt (Rapid-Curing Type)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 bitumen-aggregate applications —the spraying of liquid bitumen on prepared aggregate or pavement surfaces, which
subsequently are covered with graded aggregate.
3.1.2 bitumen-aggregate mixture—a combination of bituminous material and aggregate that is physically mixed by mechanical
and thermal means, spread on the job-site, and compacted.
3.1.3 bitumen applications—the uses of sprayed bituminous coatings not involving the use of aggregates. Uses of liquid
bitumen in this group are all classed as treatments. (See surface treatments.)
3.1.4 cold-laid plant mix—a mixture of liquid bitumen and mineral aggregate prepared in a central bituminous mixing plant and
spread and compacted at the job-site when the mixture is at or near ambient temperature.
3.1.5 dense-graded aggregate—aggregate that is graded from the maximum size down to filler with the object of obtaining a
bituminous mix with a controlled void content and high stability.
3.1.6 dust binder— a light application of bituminous material for the express purpose of laying and bonding loose dust.
3.1.7 mixed-in-place (road mix)—a bituminous course produced by mixing mineral aggregate and liquid bitumen at the job-site
by means of travel plants, motor graders, drags, or special road-mixing equipment. Pavement base and surfaces, mixed in place,
may utilize open-graded aggregates (3.1.10), dense-graded aggregates (3.1.5), sand (3.1.15), or sandy soil (3.1.17).
3.1.8 mulch treatment—a spray application of bituminous material used to temporarily stabilize a recently seeded area. The
bitumen can also be applied to straw or hay mulch as a tie-down.
3.1.9 multiple surface treatment—twoormoresurfacetreatmentsplacedoneontheother.Themaximumaggregatesizeofeach
successive treatment is usually one half that of the previous one, and the total thickness is about the same as the nominal maximum
size aggregate particles of the first course.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.40 on Asphalt
Specifications.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2005. Published December 2005. Originally approved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D2399–83(1999). DOI:
10.1520/D2399-83R05.
Current edition approved June 15, 2012. Published July 2012. Originally approved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D2399 – 83 (2005). DOI:
10.1520/D2399-12.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2399–12
3.1.10 open-graded aggregate—one containing little or no mineral filler and in which the voi
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