ASTM D5705-14
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Measurement of Hydrogen Sulfide in the Vapor Phase Above Residual Fuel Oils
Standard Test Method for Measurement of Hydrogen Sulfide in the Vapor Phase Above Residual Fuel Oils
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Residual fuel oils can contain H2S in the liquid phase and this can result in hazardous vapor phase levels of H2S in storage tank headspaces. The vapor phase levels can vary significantly according to the headspace volume, fuel temperature and agitation. Measurement of H2S levels in the liquid phase provides a useful indication of the residual fuel oil’s propensity to form high vapor phase levels, and lower levels in the residual fuel oil will directly reduce risk of H2S exposure. It is critical, however, that anyone involved in handling fuel oil, such as vessel owners and operators, continue to maintain appropriate safety practices designed to protect the crew, tank farm operators and others who can be exposed to H2S.
5.1.1 The measurement of H2S in the liquid phase is appropriate for product quality control, while the measurement of H2S in the vapor phase is appropriate for health and safety purposes.
5.2 This test method was developed to provide refineries, fuel terminals and independent testing laboratories, which do not have access to analytical instruments such as a gas chromatograph, with a simple and consistent field test method for the rapid determination of H2S in the vapor phase above residual fuel oils.
Note 1: D5705 is one of three test methods for quantitatively measuring H2S in residual fuels:
1) Test Method D6021 is an analytical test method to determine H2S levels in the liquid phase.
2) Test Method D7621 is a rapid test method to determine H2S levels in the liquid phase.
Note 2: Because of the reactivity, absorptivity and volatility of H2S, any measurement method only provides an H2S concentration at a given moment in time.
5.3 This test method does not necessarily simulate the vapor phase H2S concentration in a fuel storage tank. It does, however, provide a level of consistency so that the test result is only a function of the residual fuel oil sample and not the test method, operator, or location. No general correlation can b...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the field determination of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in the vapor phase (equilibrium headspace) of a residual fuel oil sample.
1.2 The test method is applicable to liquids with a viscosity range of 5.5 mm2/s at 40°C to 50 mm2 /s at 100°C. The test method is applicable to fuels conforming to Specification D396 Grade Nos. 4, 5 (Heavy), and 6.
1.3 The applicable range is from 5 to 4000 parts per million by volume (ppm v/v) (micro mole/mole).
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D5705 −14
StandardTest Method for
Measurement of Hydrogen Sulfide in the Vapor Phase
1
Above Residual Fuel Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5705; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 3.1.1 equilibrium headspace, n—the vapor space above the
liquid in which all vapor components are in equilibrium with
1.1 This test method covers the field determination of
the liquid components.
hydrogen sulfide (H S) in the vapor phase (equilibrium head-
2
3.1.2 residual fuel oil, n—a fuel oil comprising a blend of
space) of a residual fuel oil sample.
viscous long, short, or cracked residue from a petroleum
1.2 The test method is applicable to liquids with a viscosity
refining process and lighter distillates blended to a fuel oil
2 2
range of 5.5 mm /s at 40°C to 50 mm /s at 100°C. The test
viscosity specification.
methodisapplicabletofuelsconformingtoSpecificationD396
3.1.2.1 Discussion—Under the conditions of this test (1:1
Grade Nos. 4, 5 (Heavy), and 6.
liquid/vapor ratio, temperature, and agitation) the HSinthe
2
1.3 The applicable range is from 5 to 4000 parts per million
vapor phase (sample’s headspace) will be in equilibrium with
by volume (ppm v/v) (micro mole/mole).
the H S in the liquid phase.
2
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
4. Summary of Test Method
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard. 4.1 A1-LH S-inert test container (glass test bottle) is filled
2
to 50 volume % with fuel oil from a filled H S-inert container
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the 2
(glass sample bottle) just prior to testing. In the test container,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
the vapor space above the fuel oil sample is purged with
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
nitrogen to displace air. The test container with sample is
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
heated in an oven to 60°C, and agitated on an orbital shaker at
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
220 rpm for 3 min.
2. Referenced Documents
4.2 Alength-of-stain detector tube and hand-operated pump
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
are used to measure the H S concentration in the vapor phase
2
D396 Specification for Fuel Oils
of the test container. The length-of-stain detector tube should
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
be close to but not in contact with the liquid surface.
Petroleum Products
D6021 Test Method for Measurement of Total Hydrogen 5. Significance and Use
Sulfide in Residual Fuels by Multiple Headspace Extrac-
5.1 Residual fuel oils can contain H S in the liquid phase
2
tion and Sulfur Specific Detection
and this can result in hazardous vapor phase levels of HSin
2
D7621 Test Method for Determination of Hydrogen Sulfide
storage tank headspaces. The vapor phase levels can vary
in Fuel Oils by Rapid Liquid Phase Extraction
significantly according to the headspace volume, fuel tempera-
ture and agitation. Measurement of H S levels in the liquid
2
3. Terminology
phase provides a useful indication of the residual fuel oil’s
3.1 Definitions:
propensity to form high vapor phase levels, and lower levels in
the residual fuel oil will directly reduce risk of H S exposure.
2
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Itiscritical,however,thatanyoneinvolvedinhandlingfueloil,
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
such as vessel owners and operators, continue to maintain
Subcommittee D02.14 on Stability and Cleanliness of Liquid Fuels.
appropriate safety practices designed to protect the crew, tank
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2014.PublishedJuly2014.Originallyapproved
farm operators and others who can be exposed to H S.
in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D5705 – 13. DOI: 10.1520/
2
D5705-14.
5.1.1 The measurement of H S in the liquid phase is
2
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
appropriate for product quality control, while the measurement
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
of H S in the vapor phase is appropriate for health and safety
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on 2
the ASTM website. purposes.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5705−14
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5705 − 13 D5705 − 14
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of Hydrogen Sulfide in the Vapor Phase
1
Above Residual Fuel Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5705; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the field determination of hydrogen sulfide (H S) in the vapor phase (equilibrium headspace) of a
2
residual fuel oil sample.
2 2
1.2 The test method is applicable to liquids with a viscosity range of 5.5 mm /s at 40°C to 50 mm /s at 100°C. The test method
is applicable to fuels conforming to Specification D396 Grade Nos. 4, 5 (Heavy), and 6.
1.3 The applicable range is from 5 to 4000 parts per million by volume (ppm v/v) (micro mole/mole).
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D396 Specification for Fuel Oils
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D6021 Test Method for Measurement of Total Hydrogen Sulfide in Residual Fuels by Multiple Headspace Extraction and Sulfur
Specific Detection
D7621 Test Method for Determination of Hydrogen Sulfide in Fuel Oils by Rapid Liquid Phase Extraction
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 equilibrium headspace, n—the vapor space above the liquid in which all vapor components are in equilibrium with the
liquid components.
3.1.2 residual fuel oil, n—a fuel oil comprising a blend of viscous long, short, or cracked residue from a petroleum refining
process and lighter distillates blended to a fuel oil viscosity specification.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.14 on Stability and Cleanliness of Liquid Fuels.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2013June 1, 2014. Published December 2013July 2014. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 20122013 as
D5705 – 12.D5705 – 13. DOI: 10.1520/D5705-12.10.1520/D5705-14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3.1.2.1 Discussion—
Under the conditions of this test (1:1 liquid/vapor ratio, temperature, and agitation) the H S in the vapor phase (sample’s
2
headspace) will be in equilibrium with the H S in the liquid phase.
2
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A 1-L H S-inert test container (glass test bottle) is filled to 50 volume % with fuel oil from a filled H S-inert container (glass
2 2
sample bottle) just prior to testing. In the test container, the vapor space above the fuel oil sample is purged with nitrogen to
displace air. The test container with sample is heated in an oven to 60°C, and agitated on an orbital shaker at 220 rpm for 3 min.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5705 − 14
4.2 A length-of-stain detector tube and hand-operated pump are used to measure the H S concentration in the vapor phase of
2
the test container. The length-of-stain detector tube should be close to but not in contact with the liquid surface.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Residual fuel oils can contain H S in the liquid phase and this can result in hazardous vapor phase levels of H S in storage
2 2
tank headspaces. The vapor phase levels can vary significantly according to the headspace volume, fuel temperature and agitation.
Measurement of H S levels in the liquid phase provides a useful indication of the residual fuel oil’s propensity to form high vapor
2
phase levels, and lower levels in the residual fuel oil will directly reduce risk of H S exposure. It is critical, however, that anyone
2
involved in handling
...
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