ASTM C34-10

Standard Specification for Structural Clay Load-Bearing Wall Tile

ABSTRACT
This specification covers structural clay loading-bearing wall tiles of the following grades: Grade LBX, suitable for general use in masonry construction and adapted for use in masonry exposed to weathering; and Grade LB, suitable for general use in masonry where not exposed to frost action, or for use in exposed masonry where protected with a facing of stone, brick, terra cotta, or other masonry. Tile covered by this specification are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring substances and subjected to heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing), which must develop sufficient fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength and durability requirements. Tiles shall adhere to water absorption, compressive strength, and dimensional (nominal thickness and mass) requirements specified for individual grades.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers structural clay loading-bearing wall tile. Two grades of tile are covered, as follows:
1.1.1 Grade LBX—Suitable for general use in masonry construction and adapted for use in masonry exposed to weathering, provided they meet the durability requirements for Grade SW of Specification C216.
1.1.2 Grade LB—Suitable for general use in masonry where not exposed to frost action, or for use in exposed masonry where protected with a facing of 3 in. (76.2 mm) or more of stone, brick, terra cotta, or other masonry.
1.1.3 If tile having a particular color, texture, or finish are desired, these features shall be specified separately by the purchaser.
Note 1—Color of tile varies with the type of clay used and degree of burning; hence, it cannot be taken as indicative of classification until after it has been related to absorption and strength by actual tests.  
1.2 The property requirements of this specification apply at the time of purchase. The use of results from testing of tile extracted from masonry structures for determining conformance or non-conformance to the property requirements (Section 3) of this standard is beyond the scope of this specification.
1.3 Tile covered by this specification are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring substances and subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment must develop sufficient fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength and durability requirements of this specification. (See firing and fired bond in Terminology C1232.)
1.4 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-May-2010
• ICS: 81.080 - Refractories
• Technical Committee: C15 - Manufactured Masonry Units
• Drafting Committee: C15.02 - Brick and Structural Clay Tile

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C34-09 - Standard Specification for Structural Clay Load-Bearing Wall Tile
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2010
• Replaced By: ASTM C34-12 - Standard Specification for Structural Clay Load-Bearing Wall Tile
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2012
• Referred By: ASTM C56-22 - Standard Specification for Structural Clay Nonloadbearing Tile
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2010
• Referred By: ASTM C1232-21a - Standard Terminology for Masonry
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2010
• Referred By: ASTM C652-22 - Standard Specification for Hollow Brick (Hollow Masonry Units Made From Clay or Shale)
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2010

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:C34 −10
StandardSpecification for
1
Structural Clay Load-Bearing Wall Tile
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C34; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
and are not considered standard.
1.1 This specification covers structural clay loading-bearing
wall tile. Two grades of tile are covered, as follows:
2. Referenced Documents
1.1.1 Grade LBX—Suitable for general use in masonry
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
construction and adapted for use in masonry exposed to
C67 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick and
weathering, provided they meet the durability requirements for
Structural Clay Tile
Grade SW of Specification C216.
C216 Specification for Facing Brick (Solid Masonry Units
1.1.2 Grade LB—Suitable for general use in masonry where
Made from Clay or Shale)
not exposed to frost action, or for use in exposed masonry
C1232 Terminology of Masonry
where protected with a facing of 3 in. (76.2 mm) or more of
stone, brick, terra cotta, or other masonry.
3. Physical Properties
1.1.3 If tile having a particular color, texture, or finish are
3.1 Structural clay load-bearing wall tile shall conform to
desired, these features shall be specified separately by the
the physical properties for the grade specified as prescribed in
purchaser.
Table 1.
NOTE 1—Color of tile varies with the type of clay used and degree of
3.2 Tile of Grade LBX shall be accepted under all condi-
burning; hence, it cannot be taken as indicative of classification until after
tions instead of Grade LB.
it has been related to absorption and strength by actual tests.
3.3 End-construction tile are tile designed to be placed in
1.2 The property requirements of this specification apply at
the wall with axes of the cells vertical. Side-construction tile
the time of purchase. The use of results from testing of tile
are tile designed to be placed in the wall with the axes of the
extracted from masonry structures for determining confor-
cells horizontal. Where end-construction tile are used on the
mance or non-conformance to the property requirements (Sec-
side they shall conform to the requirements of side-
tion3)ofthisstandardisbeyondthescopeofthisspecification.
construction tile and vice versa.
1.3 Tilecoveredbythisspecificationaremanufacturedfrom
3.4 Bonding tile shall be so designed as to provide recesses
clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring substances and
for header brick courses when laid up in brick-faced walls.
subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing).
The heat treatment must develop sufficient fired bond between
4. Number of Cells
the particulate constituents to provide the strength and dura-
4.1 Load-bearing tile shall conform to the following re-
bility requirements of this specification. (See firing and fired
quirements for minimum number of cells (see Note 2) in the
bond in Terminology C1232.)
directionofwallthickness(seeNote3forapproximateweights
1.4 The text of this specification references notes and
of tile):
footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and
Nominal Horizontal Minimum Number of
footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be
A
Thickness of Cells in Direction of
considered as requirements of the standard.
Tile as Laid in Wall, in. (mm) Wall Thickness
4 (101.6) 1
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
6 (152.4) 1
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
8 (203.2) 2
10 (254.0) 2
12 (304.8) 3
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 on
Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
2
C15.02 on Brick and Structural Clay Tile. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved June 1, 2010. Published June 2010. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1921. Last previous edition appoved in 2009 as C34 – 09. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/C0034-10. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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C34−10
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C34−10
TABLE 1 Physical Properties
B
Maximum Water Minimum Compressive Stren
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:C34–09 Designation: C34 – 10
Standard Specification for
1
Structural Clay Load-Bearing Wall Tile
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C34; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers structural clay loading-bearing wall tile. Two grades of tile are covered, as follows:
1.1.1 Grade LBX—Suitable for general use in masonry construction and adapted for use in masonry exposed to weathering,
provided they meet the durability requirements for Grade SW of Specification C216.
1.1.2 Grade LB—Suitable for general use in masonry where not exposed to frost action, or for use in exposed masonry where
protected with a facing of 3 in. (76.2 mm) or more of stone, brick, terra cotta, or other masonry.
1.1.3 If tile having a particular color, texture, or finish are desired, these features shall be specified separately by the purchaser.
NOTE 1—Color of tile varies with the type of clay used and degree of burning; hence, it cannot be taken as indicative of classification until after it
has been related to absorption and strength by actual tests.
1.2 The property requirements of this standardspecification apply at the time of purchase. The use of results from testing of tile
extracted from masonry structures for determining conformance or non-conformance to the property requirements (Section 3) of
this standard is beyond the scope of this standard.specification.
1.3 Tile covered by this standardspecification are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring substances and
subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment must develop sufficient fired bond between the
particulate constituents to provide the strength and durability requirements of this specification. (See firing and fired bond in
Terminology C1232.)
1.4 The text of this standardspecification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and
footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.5The1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are
mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C67 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick and Structural Clay Tile
C216 Specification for Facing Brick (Solid Masonry Units Made from Clay or Shale)
C1232 Terminology of Masonry
3. Physical Properties
3.1 Structural clay load-bearing wall tile shall conform to the physical properties for the grade specified as prescribed in Table
1.
3.2 Tile of Grade LBX shall be accepted under all conditions instead of Grade LB.
3.3 End-construction tile are tile designed to be placed in the wall with axes of the cells vertical. Side-construction tile are tile
designed to be placed in the wall with the axes of the cells horizontal. Where end-construction tile are used on the side they shall
conform to the requirements of side-construction tile and vice versa.
3.4 Bonding tile shall be so designed as to provide recesses for header brick courses when laid up in brick-faced walls.
4. Number of Cells
4.1 Load-bearing tile shall conform to the following requirements for minimum number of cells (see Note 2) in the direction
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C15 on Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C15.02 on Brick
and Structural Clay Tile.
Current edition approved Dec.June 1, 2009.2010. Published December 2009.June 2010. Originally approved in 1921. Last previous edition appoved in 20032009 as
C34–03.C34 – 09. DOI: 10.1520/C0034-109.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*ASummary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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C
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