ASTM C25-11e2

Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Limestone, Quicklime, and Hydrated Lime

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods provide accurate and reliable analytical procedures to determine the chemical constituents of limestone, quicklime, and hydrated lime (See Note 1). The percentages of specific constituents which determine a material's quality or fitness for use are of significance depending upon the purpose or end use of the material. Results obtained may be used in relation to specification requirements.  
4.2 Because quicklime and hydrated lime quickly absorb water and carbon dioxide from the air, precision and bias are extremely dependent upon precautions taken during sample preparation and analysis to minimize excessive exposure to ambient conditions.  
Note 1: These test methods can be applied to other calcareous materials if provisions are made to compensate for known interferences.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of high-calcium and dolomitic limestone, quicklime, and hydrated lime. These test methods are classified as either standard (preferred) or alternative (optional).  
1.2 The standard test methods are those that employ classical gravimetric or volumetric analytical procedures and are typically those required for referee analyses where chemical specification requirements are an essential part of contractual agreement between buyer and seller.  
1.3 Alternative or optional test methods are provided for those who wish to use procedures shorter or more convenient than the standard methods for the routine determinations of certain constituents. Optional test methods may sometimes be preferred to the standard test methods, but frequently the use of modern and expensive instrumentation is indicated which may not be accessible to everyone. Therefore, the use of these test methods must be left to the discretion of each laboratory.  
1.4 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:    
Section    
Aluminum Oxide  
15  
Available Lime Index  
28    
Calcium and Magnesium Oxide:  
Alternative EDTA Titration Method  
31  
Calcium Carbonate Equivalent  
33    
Calcium Oxide:  
Gravimetric Method  
16    
Volumetric Method  
17    
Carbon Dioxide by Standard Method  
22    
Combined Oxides of Iron and Aluminum  
12    
Ferrous Iron  
Appendix X5  
Free Calcium Oxide  
Appendix X6    
Free Moisture in Hydrated Lime  
21    
Free Moisture in Limestone  
20    
Free Silica  
29  
Insoluble Matter Including Silicon Dioxide:    
Standard Method  
8    
Optional Perchloric Acid Method  
9  
Insoluble Matter Other Than Silicon Dioxide  
11    
Loss on Ignition  
19  
Magnesium Oxide  
18  
Manganese:    
Bismuthate Method  
Appendix X4    
Periodate (Photometric) Method  
27    
pH Determination of Alkaline Earth Solutions  
34    
Phosphorus:    
Titrimetric Method  
Appendix X3    
Molybdovanadate Method  
26  
Silicon Dioxide  
10  
Strontium Oxide  
Appendix X2    
Sulfur Trioxide  
23    
Total Carbon:    
Direct Combustion-Thermal Conductivity Cell Method  
32  
Total Carbon and Sulfur:    
Combustion/Infrared Detection Method  
35    
Total Iron:    
Standard Method, Potassium Dichromate Titration  
13    
Potassium Permanganate Titration Method  
Appendix X1  
Ortho-Phenanthroline, Photometric Method  
14  
Total Sulfur:    
Sodium Carbonate Fusion  
24  
Combustion-Iodate Titration Method  
25  
Unhydrated Oxides  
30  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see 9.3, 10.2.1, 18.4.3, 31.6.4.2, X2.3.1, and X5.4.1.1.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-May-2011
• ICS: 91.100.10 - Cement. Gypsum. Lime. Mortar
• Technical Committee: C07 - Lime and Limestone
• Drafting Committee: C07.05 - Chemical Tests

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´2
Designation: C25 − 11
Standard Test Methods for
Chemical Analysis of Limestone, Quicklime, and Hydrated
1
Lime
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationC25;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1
ε NOTE—Revised 28.3.5 editorially for clarity in May 2016.
1. Scope
Carbon Dioxide by Standard 22
Method
1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of
Combined Oxides of Iron and 12
Aluminum
high-calcium and dolomitic limestone, quicklime, and hy-
Ferrous Iron Appendix X5
dratedlime.Thesetestmethodsareclassifiedaseitherstandard
Free Calcium Oxide Appendix X6
(preferred) or alternative (optional).
Free Moisture in Hydrated Lime 21
Free Moisture in Limestone 20
1.2 The standard test methods are those that employ classi-
Free Silica 29
cal gravimetric or volumetric analytical procedures and are
Insoluble Matter Including Silicon Dioxide:
Standard Method 8
typically those required for referee analyses where chemical
Optional Perchloric Acid Method 9
specification requirements are an essential part of contractual
Insoluble Matter Other Than Silicon 11
agreement between buyer and seller.
Dioxide
Loss on Ignition 19
1.3 Alternative or optional test methods are provided for
Magnesium Oxide 18
those who wish to use procedures shorter or more convenient Manganese:
Bismuthate Method Appendix X4
than the standard methods for the routine determinations of
Periodate (Photometric) Method 27
certain constituents. Optional test methods may sometimes be
pH Determination of Alkaline Earth 34
Solutions
preferredtothestandardtestmethods,butfrequentlytheuseof
Phosphorus:
modern and expensive instrumentation is indicated which may
Titrimetric Method Appendix X3
not be accessible to everyone. Therefore, the use of these test
Molybdovanadate Method 26
Silicon Dioxide 10
methods must be left to the discretion of each laboratory.
Strontium Oxide Appendix X2
1.4 Theanalyticalproceduresappearinthefollowingorder:
Sulfur Trioxide 23
Total Carbon:
Section
Direct Combustion-Thermal 32
Aluminum Oxide 15
Conductivity Cell Method
Available Lime Index 28
Total Carbon and Sulfur:
Calcium and Magnesium Oxide:
Combustion/Infrared Detection 35
Alternative EDTATitration 31
Method
Method
Total Iron:
Calcium Carbonate Equivalent 33
Standard Method, Potassium 13
Calcium Oxide:
Dichromate Titration
Gravimetric Method 16
Potassium Permanganate Appendix X1
Volumetric Method 17
Titration Method
Ortho-Phenanthroline, 14
Photometric Method
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C07 on Total Sulfur:
Sodium Carbonate Fusion 24
Lime and Limestone and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C07.05 on
Combustion-Iodate Titration 25
Chemical Tests.
Method
Current edition approved June 1, 2011. Published May 2016. Originally
ε1
Unhydrated Oxides 30
approved in 1919. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as C25–11 . DOI:
10.1520/C0025-11E02.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´2
C25−11
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the extremely dependent upon precautions taken during sample
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the preparation and analysis to minimize excessive exposure to
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- ambient conditions.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
NOTE 1—These test methods can be applied to other calcareous
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
materials if provisions are made to compensate for known interferences.
precautionary statements, see 9.3, 10.2.1, 18.4.3, 31.6.4.2,
5. General Apparatus and Materials and Reagents
X2.3.1, and X5.4.1.1.
5.1 General Apparatus and Materials:
2. Referenced Documents
5.1.1 Balance—The balance shall be of an analytical type
2
with a capacity not to exceed 200 g. It may be of conventional
2.1 ASTM Standards:
designoritmaybeaconstant-load,direct-readingtype.Itshall
C50Practice for Sampling, Sample Preparation, Packaging,
be capable of reproducing weighings within 0.0002 g with an
and Marking of Lime and Limestone Products
accuracy of 60.0002 g. Rapid weighing devices that may be
C51Terminology Relating to Lime and Limestone (as used
provided such as a chain, damper, or heavy riders shall not
by the Industry)
increase the basic inaccuracy by more than 0.0001 g at any
C911Specification for Quicklime, Hydrated Lime, and
reading and with any load within the r
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´2 ´2
Designation: C25 − 11 C25 − 11
Standard Test Methods for
Chemical Analysis of Limestone, Quicklime, and Hydrated
1
Lime
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C25; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1
ε NOTE—Designation was corrected editorially in December 2014.Revised 28.3.5 editorially for clarity in May 2016.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of high-calcium and dolomitic limestone, quicklime, and hydrated lime.
These test methods are classified as either standard (preferred) or alternative (optional).
1.2 The standard test methods are those that employ classical gravimetric or volumetric analytical procedures and are typically
those required for referee analyses where chemical specification requirements are an essential part of contractual agreement
between buyer and seller.
1.3 Alternative or optional test methods are provided for those who wish to use procedures shorter or more convenient than the
standard methods for the routine determinations of certain constituents. Optional test methods may sometimes be preferred to the
standard test methods, but frequently the use of modern and expensive instrumentation is indicated which may not be accessible
to everyone. Therefore, the use of these test methods must be left to the discretion of each laboratory.
1.4 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:
Section
Aluminum Oxide 15
Available Lime Index 28
Calcium and Magnesium Oxide:
Alternative EDTA Titration 31
Method
Calcium Carbonate Equivalent 33
Calcium Oxide:
Gravimetric Method 16
Volumetric Method 17
Carbon Dioxide by Standard 22
Method
Combined Oxides of Iron and 12
Aluminum
Ferrous Iron Appendix X5
Free Calcium Oxide Appendix X6
Free Moisture in Hydrated Lime 21
Free Moisture in Limestone 20
Free Silica 29
Insoluble Matter Including Silicon Dioxide:
Standard Method 8
Optional Perchloric Acid Method 9
Insoluble Matter Other Than Silicon 11
Dioxide
Loss on Ignition 19
Magnesium Oxide 18
Manganese:
Bismuthate Method Appendix X4
Periodate (Photometric) Method 27
pH Determination of Alkaline Earth 34
Solutions
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C07 on Lime and Limestone and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C07.05 on Chemical
Tests.
ε1
Current edition approved June 1, 2011. Published July 2011May 2016. Originally approved in 1919. Last previous edition approved in 20062011 as C25 – 06.C25 – 11 .
DOI: 10.1520/C0025-11E01.10.1520/C0025-11E02.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´2
C25 − 11
Phosphorus:
Titrimetric Method Appendix X3
Molybdovanadate Method 26
Silicon Dioxide 10
Strontium Oxide Appendix X2
Sulfur Trioxide 23
Total Carbon:
Direct Combustion-Thermal 32
Conductivity Cell Method
Total Carbon and Sulfur:
Combustion/Infrared Detection 35
Method
Total Iron:
Standard Method, Potassium 13
Dichromate Titration
Potassium Permanganate Appendix X1
Titration Method
Ortho-Phenanthroline, 14
Photometric Method
Total Sulfur:
Sodium Carbonate Fusion 24
Combustion-Iodate Titration 25
Method
Unhydrated Oxides 30
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see 9.3, 10.2.1, 18.4.3, 31.6.4.2, X2.3.1, and X5.4.1.1.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C50 Practice for Sampling, Sample Preparation, Packaging, and Marking of Lime and Limestone Products
C51 Terminology Relating to Lime and Limestone (as used by the Industry)
C911 Specification for Quicklime, Hydrated Lime, and Limestone for Selected Chemical and Industrial Uses
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E50 Practices for Apparatus, Reagents, and Safety Considerations for Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
E70 Test Method for pH of Aqueous Sol
...