ASTM C25-19

Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Limestone, Quicklime, and Hydrated Lime

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods provide accurate and reliable analytical procedures to determine the chemical constituents of limestone, quicklime, and hydrated lime (see Note 1). The percentages of specific constituents which determine a material's quality or fitness for use are of significance depending upon the purpose or end use of the material. Results obtained may be used in relation to specification requirements.  
4.2 Because quicklime and hydrated lime quickly absorb water and carbon dioxide from the air, precision and bias are extremely dependent upon precautions taken during sample preparation and analysis to minimize excessive exposure to ambient conditions.  
Note 1: These test methods can be applied to other calcareous materials if provisions are made to compensate for known interferences.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of high-calcium and dolomitic limestone, quicklime, and hydrated lime. These test methods are classified as either standard (preferred) or alternative (optional).  
1.2 The standard test methods are those that employ classical gravimetric or volumetric analytical procedures and are typically those required for referee analyses where chemical specification requirements are an essential part of contractual agreement between buyer and seller.  
1.3 Alternative or optional test methods are provided for those who wish to use procedures shorter or more convenient than the standard methods for the routine determinations of certain constituents. Optional test methods may sometimes be preferred to the standard test methods, but frequently the use of modern and expensive instrumentation is indicated which may not be accessible to everyone. Therefore, the use of these test methods must be left to the discretion of each laboratory.  
1.4 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:    
Section    
Aluminum Oxide  
15  
Available Lime Index  
28    
Calcium and Magnesium Oxide:  
Alternative EDTA Titration Method  
31  
Calcium Carbonate Equivalent  
33    
Calcium Oxide:  
Gravimetric Method  
16    
Volumetric Method  
17    
Carbon Dioxide by Standard Method  
22    
Combined Oxides of Iron and Aluminum  
12    
Ferrous Iron  
Appendix X5  
Free Calcium Oxide  
Appendix X6    
Free Moisture in Hydrated Lime  
21    
Free Moisture in Limestone  
20    
Free Silica  
29  
Insoluble Matter Including Silicon Dioxide:    
Standard Method  
8    
Optional Perchloric Acid Method  
9  
Insoluble Matter Other Than Silicon Dioxide  
11    
Loss on Ignition  
19  
Magnesium Oxide  
18  
Manganese:    
Bismuthate Method  
Appendix X4    
Periodate (Photometric) Method  
27    
pH Determination of Alkaline Earth Solutions  
34    
Phosphorus:    
Titrimetric Method  
Appendix X3    
Molybdovanadate Method  
26  
Silicon Dioxide  
10  
Strontium Oxide  
Appendix X2    
Sulfur Trioxide  
23    
Total Carbon:    
Direct Combustion-Thermal Conductivity Cell
Method  
32  
Total Carbon and Sulfur:    
Combustion/Infrared Detection Method  
35    
Total Iron:    
Standard Method, Potassium Dichromate
Titration  
13    
Potassium Permanganate Titration Method  
Appendix X1  
Ortho-Phenanthroline, Photometric Method  
14  
Total Sulfur:    
Sodium Carbonate Fusion  
24  
Combustion-Iodate Titration Method  
25  
Unhydrated Oxides  
30  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see 9.3, 10.2.1, 18.4.3, 31.6.4.2, X2.3.1, and X5.4.1.1.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in...

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2019
• ICS: 91.100.10 - Cement. Gypsum. Lime. Mortar
• Technical Committee: C07 - Lime and Limestone
• Drafting Committee: C07.05 - Chemical Tests

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM C25-19e1 - Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Limestone, Quicklime, and Hydrated Lime
• Effective Date: 01-May-2019
• Refers: ASTM E70-24 - Standard Test Method for pH of Aqueous Solutions With the Glass Electrode
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2024
• Refers: ASTM C51-23 - Standard Terminology Relating to Lime and Limestone (as Used by the Industry)
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2023
• Refers: ASTM C50/C50M-13(2019) - Standard Practice for Sampling, Sample Preparation, Packaging, and Marking of Lime and Limestone Products
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2019
• Refers: ASTM E832-81(2019) - Standard Specification for Laboratory Filter Papers
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2019
• Refers: ASTM C51-18 - Standard Terminology Relating to Lime and Limestone (as used by the Industry)
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2018
• Refers: ASTM E50-17 - Standard Practices for Apparatus, Reagents, and Safety Considerations for Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2017
• Refers: ASTM E50-11(2016) - Standard Practices for Apparatus, Reagents, and Safety Considerations for Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2016
• Refers: ASTM E70-07(2015) - Standard Test Method for pH of Aqueous Solutions With the Glass Electrode
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2015
• Refers: ASTM E177-14 - Standard Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
• Effective Date: 01-May-2014
• Refers: ASTM C50/C50M-13 - Standard Practice for Sampling, Sample Preparation, Packaging, and Marking of Lime and Limestone Products
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2013
• Refers: ASTM E691-13 - Standard Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
• Effective Date: 01-May-2013
• Refers: ASTM E177-13 - Standard Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
• Effective Date: 01-May-2013
• Refers: ASTM C50/C50M-12 - Standard Practice for Sampling, Sample Preparation, Packaging, and Marking of Lime and Limestone Products
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2012
• Refers: ASTM E691-11 - Standard Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2011

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C25 − 19
Standard Test Methods for
Chemical Analysis of Limestone, Quicklime, and Hydrated
1
Lime
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C25; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
Insoluble Matter Other Than Silicon Dioxide 11
Loss on Ignition 19
1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of
Magnesium Oxide 18
high-calcium and dolomitic limestone, quicklime, and hy- Manganese:
Bismuthate Method Appendix X4
drated lime. These test methods are classified as either standard
Periodate (Photometric) Method 27
(preferred) or alternative (optional).
pH Determination of Alkaline Earth Solutions 34
Phosphorus:
1.2 The standard test methods are those that employ classi-
Titrimetric Method Appendix X3
cal gravimetric or volumetric analytical procedures and are
Molybdovanadate Method 26
Silicon Dioxide 10
typically those required for referee analyses where chemical
Strontium Oxide Appendix X2
specification requirements are an essential part of contractual
Sulfur Trioxide 23
agreement between buyer and seller.
Total Carbon:
Direct Combustion-Thermal Conductivity Cell 32
1.3 Alternative or optional test methods are provided for
Method
those who wish to use procedures shorter or more convenient Total Carbon and Sulfur:
Combustion ⁄Infrared Detection Method 35
than the standard methods for the routine determinations of
Total Iron:
certain constituents. Optional test methods may sometimes be
Standard Method, Potassium Dichromate 13
Titration
preferred to the standard test methods, but frequently the use of
Potassium Permanganate Titration Method Appendix X1
modern and expensive instrumentation is indicated which may
Ortho-Phenanthroline, Photometric Method 14
not be accessible to everyone. Therefore, the use of these test
Total Sulfur:
Sodium Carbonate Fusion 24
methods must be left to the discretion of each laboratory.
Combustion-Iodate Titration Method 25
1.4 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:
Unhydrated Oxides 30
Section 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Aluminum Oxide 15
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Available Lime Index 28
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Calcium and Magnesium Oxide:
Alternative EDTA Titration Method 31
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Calcium Carbonate Equivalent 33
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Calcium Oxide:
For specific precautionary statements, see 9.3, 10.2.1, 18.4.3,
Gravimetric Method 16
Volumetric Method 17
31.6.4.2, X2.3.1, and X5.4.1.1.
Carbon Dioxide by Standard Method 22
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
Combined Oxides of Iron and Aluminum 12
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Ferrous Iron Appendix X5
Free Calcium Oxide Appendix X6 ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Free Moisture in Hydrated Lime 21
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
Free Moisture in Limestone 20
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Free Silica 29
Insoluble Matter Including Silicon Dioxide:
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Standard Method 8
Optional Perchloric Acid Method 9
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C07 on
Lime and Limestone and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C07.05 on
2
Chemical Tests. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved May 1, 2019. Published July 2019. Originally approved contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
in 1919. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as C25 – 17. DOI: 10.1520/C0025- Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
19. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C25 − 19
C50/C50M Practice for Sampling, Sample Preparation, be capable of reproducing weighings within 0.0002 g with an
Packaging, and Marking of Lime and Limestone Products accuracy of 60.0002 g. Rapid weighing devices that may be
C51 Terminology Relating to Lime and Limestone (as Used
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C25 − 17 C25 − 19
Standard Test Methods for
Chemical Analysis of Limestone, Quicklime, and Hydrated
1
Lime
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C25; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of high-calcium and dolomitic limestone, quicklime, and hydrated lime.
These test methods are classified as either standard (preferred) or alternative (optional).
1.2 The standard test methods are those that employ classical gravimetric or volumetric analytical procedures and are typically
those required for referee analyses where chemical specification requirements are an essential part of contractual agreement
between buyer and seller.
1.3 Alternative or optional test methods are provided for those who wish to use procedures shorter or more convenient than the
standard methods for the routine determinations of certain constituents. Optional test methods may sometimes be preferred to the
standard test methods, but frequently the use of modern and expensive instrumentation is indicated which may not be accessible
to everyone. Therefore, the use of these test methods must be left to the discretion of each laboratory.
1.4 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:
Section
Aluminum Oxide 15
Available Lime Index 28
Calcium and Magnesium Oxide:
Alternative EDTA Titration Method 31
Calcium Carbonate Equivalent 33
Calcium Oxide:
Gravimetric Method 16
Volumetric Method 17
Carbon Dioxide by Standard Method 22
Combined Oxides of Iron and Aluminum 12
Ferrous Iron Appendix X5
Free Calcium Oxide Appendix X6
Free Moisture in Hydrated Lime 21
Free Moisture in Limestone 20
Free Silica 29
Insoluble Matter Including Silicon Dioxide:
Standard Method 8
Optional Perchloric Acid Method 9
Insoluble Matter Other Than Silicon Dioxide 11
Loss on Ignition 19
Magnesium Oxide 18
Manganese:
Bismuthate Method Appendix X4
Periodate (Photometric) Method 27
pH Determination of Alkaline Earth Solutions 34
Phosphorus:
Titrimetric Method Appendix X3
Molybdovanadate Method 26
Silicon Dioxide 10
Strontium Oxide Appendix X2
Sulfur Trioxide 23
Total Carbon:
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C07 on Lime and Limestone and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C07.05 on Chemical
Tests.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2017May 1, 2019. Published January 2018July 2019. Originally approved in 1919. Last previous edition approved in 20112017 as
ε2
C25 – 11C25 – 17. . DOI: 10.1520/C0025-17.10.1520/C0025-19.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C25 − 19
Direct Combustion-Thermal Conductivity Cell 32
Method
Total Carbon and Sulfur:
Combustion ⁄Infrared Detection Method 35
Total Iron:
Standard Method, Potassium Dichromate 13
Titration
Potassium Permanganate Titration Method Appendix X1
Ortho-Phenanthroline, Photometric Method 14
Total Sulfur:
Sodium Carbonate Fusion 24
Combustion-Iodate Titration Method 25
Unhydrated Oxides 30
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see 9.3, 10.2.1, 18.4.3, 31.6.4.2, X2.3.1, and X5.4.1.1.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C50C50/C50M Practice for Sampling, Sample Preparation, Packaging, and Marking of Lime and Limestone Products
C51 Terminology Relating to Lime and Limestone (as used by the Industry)
C911 Specification for Quicklime, Hydrated Lime, and Limestone for Selected Chemical and Industrial Uses
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
E29 Practice for Using Signifi
...

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C25 − 19
Standard Test Methods for
Chemical Analysis of Limestone, Quicklime, and Hydrated
1
Lime
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C25; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
Insoluble Matter Other Than Silicon Dioxide 11
Loss on Ignition 19
1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of
Magnesium Oxide 18
high-calcium and dolomitic limestone, quicklime, and hy- Manganese:
Bismuthate Method Appendix X4
drated lime. These test methods are classified as either standard
Periodate (Photometric) Method 27
(preferred) or alternative (optional).
pH Determination of Alkaline Earth Solutions 34
Phosphorus:
1.2 The standard test methods are those that employ classi-
Titrimetric Method Appendix X3
cal gravimetric or volumetric analytical procedures and are
Molybdovanadate Method 26
Silicon Dioxide 10
typically those required for referee analyses where chemical
Strontium Oxide Appendix X2
specification requirements are an essential part of contractual
Sulfur Trioxide 23
agreement between buyer and seller.
Total Carbon:
Direct Combustion-Thermal Conductivity Cell 32
1.3 Alternative or optional test methods are provided for
Method
Total Carbon and Sulfur:
those who wish to use procedures shorter or more convenient
Combustion ⁄Infrared Detection Method 35
than the standard methods for the routine determinations of
Total Iron:
certain constituents. Optional test methods may sometimes be
Standard Method, Potassium Dichromate 13
preferred to the standard test methods, but frequently the use of Titration
Potassium Permanganate Titration Method Appendix X1
modern and expensive instrumentation is indicated which may
Ortho-Phenanthroline, Photometric Method 14
not be accessible to everyone. Therefore, the use of these test
Total Sulfur:
Sodium Carbonate Fusion 24
methods must be left to the discretion of each laboratory.
Combustion-Iodate Titration Method 25
1.4 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:
Unhydrated Oxides 30
Section
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Aluminum Oxide 15
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Available Lime Index 28
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Calcium and Magnesium Oxide:
Alternative EDTA Titration Method 31 priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Calcium Carbonate Equivalent 33
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Calcium Oxide:
For specific precautionary statements, see 9.3, 10.2.1, 18.4.3,
Gravimetric Method 16
Volumetric Method 17 31.6.4.2, X2.3.1, and X5.4.1.1.
Carbon Dioxide by Standard Method 22
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
Combined Oxides of Iron and Aluminum 12
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Ferrous Iron Appendix X5
Free Calcium Oxide Appendix X6
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Free Moisture in Hydrated Lime 21
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
Free Moisture in Limestone 20
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Free Silica 29
Insoluble Matter Including Silicon Dioxide:
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Standard Method 8
Optional Perchloric Acid Method 9
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C07 on
Lime and Limestone and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C07.05 on
2
Chemical Tests. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved May 1, 2019. Published July 2019. Originally approved contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
in 1919. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as C25 – 17. DOI: 10.1520/C0025- Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
19. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C25 − 19
C50/C50M Practice for Sampling, Sample Preparation, be capable of reproducing weighings within 0.0002 g with an
Packaging, and Marking of Lime and Limestone Products accuracy of 60.0002 g. Rapid weighing devices that may be
C51 Terminology Relating to Lime and Limestone (as Used provided such as a chain, damper, or heavy riders shall not
by the Industry) increase the basic inaccuracy by more than 0.0001 g at any
C911 Specificatio
...