ASTM E1102-91(1996)e1

Standard Terminology Relating to Agricultural Chemical Application

SCOPE
1.1 The purpose of this terminology standard is to establish uniformity in terms used in the field of agricultural chemical application. Terms are adopted from related fields and where applicable from Definitions E609.  
1.2 The terms are appropriate to any agricultural chemical application. Units in parenthesis following a definition are meant as typical and are not exhaustive of all units available for the term.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-1995
• Technical Committee: E35 - Pesticides, Antimicrobials, and Alternative Control Agents
• Drafting Committee: E35.22 - Pesticide Formulations and Delivery Systems

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM E1102-91(2002) - Standard Terminology Relating to Agricultural Chemical Application
• Effective Date: 15-Mar-1991

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
e1
Designation: E 1102 – 91 (Reapproved 1996)
Standard Terminology Relating to
Agricultural Chemical Application
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 1102; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
e NOTE—Editorial changes were made throughout in March 1996.
1. Scope cumulative droplet diameter (D and D )—diameter of
v.1 v.9
drop such that 10 % and 90 %, respectively, of the liquid
1.1 The purpose of this terminology standard is to establish
volume is in drops of smaller diameter.
uniformity in terms used in the field of agricultural chemical
concentration—amount of the active ingredient contained in
application. Terms are adopted from related fields and where
the chemical formulation expressed as a percent or mass per
applicable from Definitions E 609.
relevant unit basis.
1.2 The terms are appropriate to any agricultural chemical
deposit rate—the amount of any material deposited per unit
application. Units in parenthesis following a definition are
area.
meant as typical and are not exhaustive of all units available for
active chemical deposit rate—the amount of active ingredient
the term.
deposited per unit area.
2. Referenced Documents
formulation deposit rate—the amount of formulation deposited
per unit area.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
spray deposit rate—the amount of spray liquid deposited per
E 609 Definitions of Terms Relating to Pesticides
unit area. Mean deposit rate is the average amount of deposit
3. Terminology
over the entire spray swath. Effective spray deposit rate is
the mean deposit from center to center of adjoining swaths.
GENERAL CHEMICAL TERMS AND
diluent—a gas, liquid, or solid used to reduce the concentra-
CHARACTERISTIC MEASUREMENTS
tion of an active ingredient in the formulation or application
of a pesticide (see Definitions E 609).
air flow rate—the flow rate of air, expressed in volume per
3 3 3
drift—the movement of chemicals outside the intended target
relevant unit (ft /min, m /s, m /tree).
by air mass transport or diffusion.
application rate—the amount of any material applied per unit
airborne drift—the dispersion of chemical particles to the
treated:
atmosphere outside the intended target.
active chemical rate—the amount of active ingredient (a.i.)
particle drift deposits—the deposition of chemical particles
applied per unit treated, expressed in terms of mass per
outside the intended target.
relevant unit treated. (For area treatment, kg a.i./ha, lb a.i./A,
vapor drift—the dispersion of vaporized chemical to the
or oz a.i./1000 ft. of row; for space application, mg a.i./m ,
atmosphere and areas surrounding the target area during and
or oz a.i./1000 ft ; for individual units, kg a.i./plant or
following application.
animal).
formulation—the form in which a chemical is offered to the
formulation rate—the amount of chemical formulation applied
user.
per unit treated, expressed in terms of mass or volume per
¯
mean droplet diameter ( D )—is represented by the follow-
relevant unit treated. (For area treatment, kg/ha, lb/A, or
pq
ing:
oz/1000 ft of row; for space application, mg/m , or oz/1000
p
ft ; for individual units, kg/plant or animal).
(D
i
~p2q!
¯
D 5 (1)
spray rate—the amount of spray liquid emitted by an applica-
pq q
(D
i
tion unit during treatment, expressed in volume per unit
treated. (For area treatment, L/ha, or gal/A; for space
where:
th
3 3
treatment, mL/m , or oz/1000 ft ; for individual units, D 5 the diameter of the i particle,
i
o
5 the total number of drops in the sample. Thus:
L/plant, mL/animal, or gal/tree). (D
i
¯
D 5 length mean diameter,
¯
D 5 area mean diameter,
These terminologies are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E-35 on 20
¯
D 5 volume mean diameter,
Pesticides and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E35.22 on Pesticide
Formulation and Application Systems. ¯
D 5 volume/length mean diameter (mean evaporative
Current edition approved March 15, 1991. Published May 1991. Originally
diameter),
published as E 1102 – 86. Last previous edition E 1102 – 86.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.05.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
E 1102
¯ in an air space in such a manner that target pests are exposed
D 5 SAUTER mean diameter, and
¯
to the chemical.
D 5 DeBROUKERE or HERDAN mean diameter.
median droplet diameter (D )—For cumulative distributions, spot treatment—application of a chemical to a small restricted
xf
area, usually to control the spread of a pest.
D , where x is V, A, L,or N, are diameters such that the
xf
fraction (f) of the total of volume, surface area, length of
soil injection—the mechanical placement of a pesticide be-
diameter, or number of drops respectively, is in drops of neath the soil surface with a minimum disturbance of the soil
smaller diameter.
(see Definitions E 609).
Thus:
APPLICATION APPARATUS
D 5 volume median diameter,
V.5
D 5 area median diameter,
aerosol generator—any mechanical or thermal device that
A.5
D 5 length median diameter, and
produces a liquid dispersion having a volume median less
L.5
D 5 number median diameter.
N.5 than 50 μm.
Also, D and D 5 diameter of drop such that 10 % and
V.1 V.9 air carrier sprayer—an apparatus consisting of a pressure
90 % respectively, of the liquid volume is in drops of smaller
source and controls for the spray liquid and a blower with
diameter.
suitable ducts to produce an air jet in which spray nozzles are
percent nozzle pattern overlap—calculated by subtracting
located. Air from the blower carries the spray for a distance
the nozzle spacing from the single nozzle pattern width and
...