ASTM F1178-01(2007)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Performance of Enameling System, Baking, Metal Joiner Work and Furniture
Standard Specification for Performance of Enameling System, Baking, Metal Joiner Work and Furniture
ABSTRACT
This specification covers performance of enameling system and baking primer on metal joiner work and furniture. Specification includes procedures for cleaning, degreasing, enameling, and texturing. Performance criteria shall include test panel description, primer test panel preparation, salt spray exposure, blistering resistance, corrosion resistance, enamel test panel preparation, gloss, hardness, paint cure, adhesion, flexibility, impact resistance, and color stability.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the performance of a baking primer and enamel on metal for use on fabricated metal products, including marine furniture and joiner work.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The metric (SI) units, given in parentheses, are for information only.
1.3 Painting facilities shall comply with all applicable Federal and State regulations regarding emissions and waste disposal.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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An American National Standard
Designation: F1178 – 01 (Reapproved 2007)
Standard Specification for
Performance of Enameling System, Baking, Metal Joiner
Work and Furniture
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1178; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Dry Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to
a Ferrous Base
1.1 This specification covers the performance of a baking
D1400 Test Method for Nondestructive Measurement of
primer and enamel on metal for use on fabricated metal
DryFilmThicknessofNonconductiveCoatingsAppliedto
products, including marine furniture and joiner work.
a Nonferrous Metal Base
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
D3359 Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape Test
as standard. The metric (SI) units, given in parentheses, are for
D3363 Test Method for Film Hardness by Pencil Test
information only.
2.2 American Institute of Steel Construction Manual:
1.3 Painting facilities shall comply with all applicable
AISC Wire and Sheet Metal Gages—Equivalent Thickness
Federal and State regulations regarding emissions and waste
in Decimals of an Inch, U.S. Standard Gauge (USSG) for
disposal.
Uncoated Hot and Cold Rolled Sheets and Galvanized
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Sheet Gage (GSG) for Hot-Dipped Zinc Coated Sheets
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
2.3 Code of Federal Regulations:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
40 CFR 60 Subpart EE—Standard of Performance for
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Surface Coating of Metal Furniture
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3. Terminology
2. Referenced Documents
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: Descrip-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
tion of Terms Specific to This Standard:
A1008/A1008M Specification for Steel, Sheet, Cold-
3.1.1 air dry touch-up enamel—an air drying enamel that
Rolled, Carbon, Structural, High-Strength Low-Alloy,
matches the factory applied enamel in color and gloss and is
High-Strength Low-Alloy with Improved Formability, So-
compatible with it.
lution Hardened, and Bake Hardenable
3.1.2 baking finish—an enamel that requires baking at
A653/A653M Specification for Steel Sheet, Zinc-Coated
temperatures above 150°F (65°C) for the development of
(Galvanized) or Zinc-Iron Alloy-Coated (Galvannealed)
desired properties.
by the Hot-Dip Process
3.1.3 blister—an enclosed raised spot on the paint surface
B117 Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) Apparatus
caused by moisture or solvent trapped under the surface.
B209 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy
3.1.4 cleaning—the first phase of the metal pretreatment
Sheet and Plate
prior to painting.
D522 Test Methods for Mandrel Bend Test of Attached
3.1.5 cure—to condense or polymerize a material by heat-
Organic Coatings
ing, resulting in the full development of desired properties.
D1186 Test Methods for Nondestructive Measurement of
3.1.6 degreasing—See cleaning.
3.1.7 dry film thickness (DFT)—the actual thickness of the
cured paint system. It is measured in mils or thousandths of an
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Ships
and Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.01 on
inch (0.001 in. or 25.4 µm).
Structures.
Current edition approved May 1, 2007. Published June 2007. Originally
approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as F1178 - 01. DOI: Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced
10.1520/F1178-01R07. on www.astm.org.
2 4
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available from the American Institute of Steel Construction, 400 N. Michigan
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from the U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of
the ASTM website. Documents, Washington, DC 20402.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
F1178 – 01 (2007)
3.1.8 Enamel—a paint characterized by the ability to form 8. Texturing (Optional)
an especially smooth film.
8.1 If a textured finish is required by ordering documents,
3.1.9 galvanized steel—Zinc coated steel sheet in conform-
the enamel chosen shall be capable of producing a suitable
ance with Specification A653/A653M, Coating Designation
raised textured finish when using equipment and techniques
A1.
recommended by the manufacturer.
3.1.10 gloss—the degree to which a painted surface reflects
8.2 All requirements for enameling of the textured finish
light.
shall remain as written for the smooth, low-gloss finish except
3.1.11 joiner work—doors, frames, ceilings, bulkheads,
that the gloss shown in 9.2.3.2 shall be 6 minimum to 16
window casings, and all trim pieces in accommodation spaces
maximum for ceiling panels. Other items may vary according
aboard ship.
to paint specified.
3.1.12 low gloss—finishthatshowsaglossof25to35when
measured with 60° glossmeter.Aceiling gloss is 6 to 16 when
9. Performance Criteria
measured the same way.
3.1.13 pretreatment—usually restricted to mean the chemi-
9.1 Test Panel Description—Test panels shall be 4 ⁄2 in.
cal treatment of unpaired surfaces before painting.
(114 mm) minimum width and 7 ⁄2 in. (191 mm) maximum
length of material and thickness as listed below:
4. Ordering Information
9.1.1 Cold rolled steel sheet, in accordance with Specifica-
4.1 Unless otherwise specified, a smooth, low-gloss enamel
tionA1008/A1008M, USSG 20 gauge (0.0359 in. or 0.91 mm)
finish will be applied.
thick.
4.1.1 Color of enamel top coat.
9.1.2 Galvannealed steel sheet, in accordance with Specifi-
4.1.2 Finish:
cation A653/A653M with coating designation A1, CSG 20
4.1.2.1 Smooth.
gauge (0.0396 in. or 1.01 mm) thick.
4.1.2.2 Textured.
9.1.3 Type 5052-H32 aluminum alloy, in accordance with
4.1.3 Gloss (measured with 60° glossmeter):
Specification B209, 0.040 in. (1.02 mm) thick.
4.1.3.1 Low gloss—25 to 35.
9.2 Prepare test panels for testing, test, and evaluate in
4.1.3.2 Ceiling gloss—6 to 18.
accordance with the following requirements:
5. Materials and Manufacture 9.2.1 Dry Film Thickness—Measure the total dry film
thickness, either prime coat or prime coat plus enamel, on
5.1 Metal substrate—This specification is intended for use
metal test panels or products in accordance with Test Method
on metal furniture and joiner work of either steel or aluminum.
D1400. Where only steel products are being enameled, the dry
5.2 For a smooth, low-gloss finish, the furniture or joiner
film thickness may be measured in accordance with Test
work manufacturer shall follow the procedures in the order and
Methods D1186.
as listed in Sections 6 through 7.
9.2.2 Primer:
5.3 If a textured finish is specified, the furniture or joiner
work manufacturer shall follow the procedures in the order and
9.2.2.1 Preparation of Primer Test Panels—Clean, pretreat,
as listed in Sections 6 through 8.
andcoattwometaltestpanelswithprimeronbothsidesandon
all edges in the production cycle. After baking the primed test
6. Cleaning and Degreasing
panels, scribe one side of each panel with two diagonal scribe
lines that extend through the prime coat down to the base
6.1 All exterior and interior surfaces, both visible and
concealed, and all joints shall be thoroughly cleaned and metal. For scribing, use a sharp instrument and a suitable
straightedge. Hold the scribing tool perpendicular to the
degreased.
6.2 The cleaning/rinsing process shall remove dirt, oil surface of the test panel, and make two intersecting diagonal
grease, moisture, and other foreign matter. scribe marks. Begin each scribe line at a point approximately
6.3 No detrimental residue from this process shall remain ⁄2 in. (13 mm) from a corner and continue to a point
deposited on any surface.
approximately ⁄2 in. (13 mm) from the diagonally opposite
corner.Thescribemustpenetratetheprimecoatingdowntothe
7. Enameling
metal, leaving a uniformly bright line.
7.1 All surfaces contributing to the appearance of the final 9.2.2.2 Salt Spray Exposure of Primer Test Panels—Expose
product shall be enameled to a smooth, low-gloss finish in the metal panels in accordance with Practice B117 for 250 h at
colors specified in the ordering documents. 95°F (35°C). Remove test panels from the salt spray cabinet
7.2 Enamel shall be applied in an amount sufficient to and rinse them using a gentle stream of water at a temperature
produce a minimum dry film thickness of 1.5 mils (0.0015 in. of 100 6 10°F (37.8 6 5.5°C). Dry the test panels and
(38.1 µm)) for joiner doors and frames. For other joiner vigorously scrape the scribed side of each panel with a dull
materials and furniture, 1 to 1.5 mils (0.001 to 0.0015 in. (25.4 knife blade or a suitable piece of sheet metal having a similar
to 38.1 µm)) is acceptable. dull edge. Hold the scraper with its face perpendicular to the
7.3 The enamel required under this specification shall be a specimen surface and parallel to the scribe, moving it back and
thermosettingtype,requiringahighbakingscheduleforproper forth across the scribed line. Complete the scraping within 15
cure. This enamel shall satisfy the requirements of Section 9. min of the drying of the surface. Masking tape, 1 in. (25 mm)
F1178 – 01 (2007)
wide, shall be pressed onto all scribed marks and pulled away 9.2.3.6 Flexibility—Test the enameled metal test panel for
clearly. Evaluate the performance of these test panels per flexibility of the paint system by bending 180° over a conical
9.2.2.3 and 9.2.2.4. mandrel in accordance with Test Method D522. The paint
system shall not flake or exhibit loss of adhesion during this
9.2.2.3 Evaluation of the Blistering Resistance of Primer
test. Slight cracking of paint finish, less than ⁄4 in. (6.4 mm)
Test Panel—There shall be no evidence of blistering of these
long, at conical mandrel diameters less than ⁄2 in. (12.7 mm)
primed metal panels after 250-h exposure in accordance with
is permissible.
Practice B117.
9.2.3.7 Impact Resistance—The enameled metal test panel
9.2.2.4 Evaluation of the Corrosion Resistance of Primer
shall withstand a minimum of 40 in. lb (4.52 J) direct impact
Test Panel—Measure creepage, or loss of adhesion due to
without cracking or loss of adhesion. The impact test consists
corrosion, at the scribe marks. This creepage shall not extend
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