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ASTM F1178-01

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Enameling System, Baking, Metal Joiner Work and Furniture

Standard Specification for Enameling System, Baking, Metal Joiner Work and Furniture

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the performance of a baking primer and enamel on metal for use on fabricated metal products, including marine furniture and joiner work.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The metric (SI) units, given in parentheses, are for information only.
1.3 Painting facilities shall comply with all applicable Federal and State regulations regarding emissions and waste disposal.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Jun-2001
ICS
25.220.01 - Surface treatment and coating in general
Technical Committee
F25 - Ships and Marine Technology
Drafting Committee
F25.01 - Structures
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM F1178-01(2007) - Standard Specification for Performance of Enameling System, Baking, Metal Joiner Work and Furniture
Effective Date
01-May-2007

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ASTM F1178-01 - Standard Specification for Enameling System, Baking, Metal Joiner Work and FurnitureASTM F1178-01 - Standard Specification for Enameling System, Baking, Metal Joiner Work and Furniture
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Technical specification
ASTM F1178-01 - Standard Specification for Enameling System, Baking, Metal Joiner Work and Furniture
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
Designation: F 1178 – 01
Standard Specification for
Performance of Enameling System, Baking, Metal Joiner
1
Work and Furniture
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1178; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D 1400 Test Method for Nondestructive Measurement of
DryFilmThicknessofNonconductiveCoatingsAppliedto
1.1 This specification covers the performance of a baking
6
a Nonferrous Metal Base
primer and enamel on metal for use on fabricated metal
D 3359 Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape
products, including marine furniture and joiner work.
6
Test
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
6
D 3363 Test Method for Film Hardness by Pencil Test
as standard. The metric (SI) units, given in parentheses, are for
2.2 American Institute of Steel Construction Manual:
information only.
AISC Wire and Sheet Metal Gages—Equivalent Thickness
1.3 Painting facilities shall comply with all applicable
in Decimals of an Inch, U.S. Standard Gauge (USSG) for
Federal and State regulations regarding emissions and waste
Uncoated Hot and Cold Rolled Sheets and Galvanized
disposal.
7
Sheet Gage (GSG) for Hot-Dipped Zinc Coated Sheets
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
2.3 Code of Federal Regulations:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
40 CFR 60 Subpart EE—Standard of Performance for
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
8
Surface Coating of Metal Furniture
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3. Terminology
2. Referenced Documents 3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: Descrip-
tion of Terms Specific to This Standard:
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.1 air dry touch-up enamel—an air drying enamel that
A 1008 Specification for Steel, Sheet, Cold-Rolled, Carbon
matches the factory applied enamel in color and gloss and is
Structural, High-Strength Low-Alloy and High-Strength
2
compatible with it.
Low-Alloy with Improved Formability
3.1.2 baking finish—an enamel that requires baking at
A 653/A 653M Specification for Steel Sheet, Zinc-Coated
temperatures above 150°F (65°C) for the development of
(Galvanized) or Zinc-Iron Alloy-Coated (Galvannealed)
3 desired properties.
by the Hot-Dip Process
4
3.1.3 blister—an enclosed raised spot on the paint surface
B 117 Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) Apparatus
caused by moisture or solvent trapped under the surface.
B 209 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy
5
3.1.4 cleaning—the first phase of the metal pretreatment
Sheet and Plate
prior to painting.
D 522 Test Methods for Mandrel Bend Test of Attached
6
3.1.5 cure—to condense or polymerize a material by heat-
Organic Coatings
ing, resulting in the full development of desired properties.
D 1186 Test Methods for Nondestructive Measurement of
3.1.6 degreasing—See cleaning.
Dry Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to
6
3.1.7 dry film thickness (DFT)—the actual thickness of the
a Ferrous Base
cured paint system. It is measured in mils or thousandths of an
inch (0.001 in. or 25.4 µm).
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Ships
3.1.8 Enamel—a paint characterized by the ability to form
and Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.01 on
an especially smooth film.
Structures.
Current edition approved June 10, 2001. Published September 2001.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
3 7
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.06. Available from the American Institute of Steel Construction, 400 N. Michigan
4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.02. Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611.
5 8
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.02. Available from the U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of
6
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01. Documents, Washington, DC 20402.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F 1178
3.1.9 galvanized steel—Zinc coated steel sheet in conform- 8. Texturing (Optional)
ance with Specification A 653/A 653M, Coating Designation
8.1 If a textured finish is required by ordering documents,
A 01.
the enamel chosen shall be capable of producing a suitable
3.1.10 gloss—the degree to which a painted surface reflects
raised textured finish when using equipment and techniques
light.
recommended by the manufacturer.
3.1.11 joiner work—doors, frames, ceilings, bulkheads,
8.2 All requirements for
...

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This specification covers performance of enameling system and baking primer on metal joiner work and furniture. Specification includes procedures for cleaning, degreasing, enameling, and texturing. Performance criteria shall include test panel description, primer test panel preparation, salt spray exposure, blistering resistance, corrosion resistance, enamel test panel preparation, gloss, hardness, paint cure, adhesion, flexibility, impact resistance, and color stability.
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1.1 This specification covers the performance of a baking primer and enamel on metal for use on fabricated metal products, including marine furniture and joiner work.  
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4.1 An important aspect of the appearance of glossy coating surfaces is the distinctness (clarity) of images reflected by them. The values obtained in this measuring procedure correlate well with visual ratings for DOI (image clarity).  
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1.1 These test methods describe the measurement of the distinctness-of-image (DOI) gloss of coating surfaces using electro-optical measuring techniques.  
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4.1 This test method measures the volume of dry coating obtainable from a given volume of liquid coating. This value is useful for calculating the volatile organic content (VOC) of a coating and could be used to estimate the coverage (square feet of surface covered at a specified dry film thickness per unit volume) obtainable with different coating products.
Note 1: In Practice D3960 paragraph 10.3.1, the equation for calculating the VOC content using the percent volume nonvolatile is given. Prior to this method a satisfactory procedure for measuring percent volume nonvolatile did not exist (see Note 11 in Practice D3960).
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4.2 For various reasons the volume nonvolatile value obtained for a coating is often not equal to that predicted from simple linear addition of the weights and volumes of the raw materials in a formulation. One reason is that the volume occupied by a solution of resin in solvent may be the same, greater, or less than the total volume of the separate ingredients. Such contraction or expansion of resin solutions is governed by a number of factors, one of which is the extent and direction of spread between solubility parameters of the resin and solvent.  
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of the percent volume nonvolatile matter of a variety of clear and pigmented coatings. The approach used should provide faster and more accurate results than the use of the liquid displacement technique in Test Method D2697, particularly for coatings that are difficult to wet or that contain voids, cracks or other defects. The improvement in accuracy stems from the superior ability of helium gas under pressure to penetrate very small pores and surface irregularities in dried films. This provides a more accurate determination of void volumes than can be obtained via liquid displacement.  
1.2 The technique will provide results under the following constraints:  
1.2.1 The stability of the helium gas pycnometer is greater than ±0.005 cm3.  
1.2.2 Test specimen weights are greater than 1 g.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for assessing the adhesion of coating films to substrate by using a knife.  
1.2 This test method is used to establish whether the adhesion of a coating to a substrate or to another coating (in multi-coat systems) is at a generally adequate level.
Note 1: The term “substrate” relates to the basic surface on which a coating adheres (may be steel, concrete, etc. or other coating).  
1.3 This method can be used in the laboratory and field.  
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1.2 Another technique, measurement of the contact angles, θ, of a series of test liquids and plotting cos θ versus surface tension (Zisman plots), provides data that allow the determination of more exact values for critical surface tension.  
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4.1 Conformable Eddy Current Sensors—Conformable, eddy current sensors can be used on both flat and curved surfaces, including fillets, cylindrical surfaces, etc. When used with models for predicting the sensor response and appropriate algorithms, these sensors can measure variations in physical properties, such as electrical conductivity or magnetic permeability, or both, as well as thickness of conductive coatings on any substrate and nonconductive coatings on conductive substrates or on a conducting coating. These property variations can be used to detect and characterize heterogeneous regions within the conductive coatings, for example, regions of locally higher porosity.  
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1.1 This practice covers the use of conformable eddy current sensors for nondestructive characterization of coatings without standardization on coated reference parts. It includes the following: (1) thickness measurement of a conductive coating on a conductive substrate, (2) detection and characterization of local regions of increased porosity of a conductive coating, and (3) measurement of thickness for nonconductive coatings on a conductive substrate or on a conductive coating. This practice includes only nonmagnetic coatings on either magnetic (μ ≠ μ0) or nonmagnetic (μ = μ0) substrates. In addition to discrete coatings on substrates, this practice can also be used to measure the effective thickness of a process-affected zone (for example, shot peened layer for aluminum alloys, alpha case for titanium alloys) and to assess the condition of other layered media such as joints (for example, lap joints and skin panels over structural supports). For specific types of coated parts, the user may need a more specific procedure tailored to a specific application.  
1.2 Specific uses of conventional eddy current sensors are covered by Practices D7091 and E376 and the following test methods issued by ASTM: B244 and E1004. Guidance for the use of conformable eddy current sensor arrays is provided in Guide E2884.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized ...

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ASTM F1178-11(2022)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Performance of Enameling System, Baking, Metal Joiner Work and Furniture

ABSTRACT
This specification covers performance of enameling system and baking primer on metal joiner work and furniture. Specification includes procedures for cleaning, degreasing, enameling, and texturing. Performance criteria shall include test panel description, primer test panel preparation, salt spray exposure, blistering resistance, corrosion resistance, enamel test panel preparation, gloss, hardness, paint cure, adhesion, flexibility, impact resistance, and color stability.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the performance of a baking primer and enamel on metal for use on fabricated metal products, including marine furniture and joiner work.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The metric (SI) units, given in parentheses, are for information only.  
1.3 Painting facilities shall comply with all applicable Federal and State regulations regarding emissions and waste disposal.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D6676/D6676M-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Cathodic Disbonding of Exterior Pipeline Coatings at Elevated Temperatures Using Interior Heating

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Damage to a pipe coating is almost unavoidable during transportation and construction. Breaks or holidays in pipe coatings may expose the pipe to possible corrosion since, after a pipe has been installed underground, the surrounding earth will be moisture-bearing and will constitute an effective electrolyte. Applied cathodic protection potentials may cause loosening of the coating, beginning at holiday edges. Spontaneous holidays may also be caused by such potentials. Usually exterior pipeline coatings applied over pipes carrying hot media (oil, gas) are exposed to high temperature inside the pipe and low temperature outside and subjected to temperature gradient. Heat flux is directed from metal (substrate) to the coating. This test method provides accelerated conditions for cathodic disbondment to occur under simulated heating and provides a measure of resistance of coatings to this type of action.  
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4.3.2 Decreased adhesion in the immersed test area is the result of cathodic disbondment.  
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1.1 This test method describes an accelerated procedure for determining comparative characteristics of coating systems applied to the exterior of steel pipe for the purpose of preventing or mitigating corrosion that may occur in underground or immersion where the pipe is carrying heated media and is under cathodic protection. This test method is intended for use with samples of coated pipe, or with a specimen cut from the section of coated pipe or flat plates and is applicable to such samples when the coating is characterized by function as an electrical barrier.  
1.2 This test method is intended to simulate conditions when external coatings are exposed to high temperature inside the pipe and to an ambient temperature outside, and thus are subjected to temperature gradient. If elevated temperatures are required but without temperature gradient, see Test Method G42.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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