ASTM D3043-00(2011)
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Structural Panels in Flexure
Standard Test Methods for Structural Panels in Flexure
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
These methods give the flexural properties, principally strength and stiffness, of structural panels. These properties are of primary importance in most structural uses of panels whether in construction for floors, wall sheathing, roof decking, concrete form, or various space plane structures; packaging and materials handling for containers, crates, or pallets; or structural components such as stress-skin panels.
To control or define other variables influencing flexure properties, moisture content and time to failure must be determined. Conditioning of test material at controlled atmospheres to control test moisture content and determination of specific gravity are recommended. Comparisons of results of plywood, veneer composites, and laminates with solid wood or other plywood constructions will be greatly assisted if the thickness of the individual plies is measured to permit computation of section properties.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods determine the flexural properties of strips cut from structural panels or panels up to 4 by 8 ft in size. Structural panels in use include plywood, waferboard, oriented strand board, and composites of veneer and of wood-based layers. Four methods of tests are included:
Sections Method ACenter-Point Flexure Test5 Method BTwo-Point Flexure Test 6 Method CPure Moment Test 7 Method DFlexure Test for Quality Assurance8
The choice of method will be dictated by the purpose of the test, type of material, and equipment availability. All methods are applicable to material that is relative uniform in strength and stiffness properties. Only Method C should be used to test material suspected of having strength or stiffness variations within a panel caused by density variations, knots, knot-holes, areas of distorted grain, fungal attack, or wide growth variations. However, Method B may be used to evaluate certain features such as core gaps and veneer joints in plywood panels where effects are readily projected to full panels. Method C generally is preferred where size of test material permits. Moments applied to fail specimens tested by Method A, B or D in which large deflections occur can be considerably larger than nominal. An approximate correction can be made.
1.2 Method A, Center-Point Flexure Test—This method is applicable to material that is uniform with respect to elastic and strength properties. Total deflection, and modulus of elasticity computed from it, include a relatively constant component attributable to shear deformation. It is well suited to investigations of many variables that influence properties uniformly throughout the panel in controlled studies and to test small, defect-free control specimens cut from large panels containing defects tested by the large-specimen method.
1.3 Method B, Two-Point Flexure Test—This method, like Method A, is suited to the investigation of factors that influence strength and elastic properties uniformly throughout the panel, in controlled studies, and to testing small, defect free control specimens cut from large specimens tested by Method C. However, it may be used to determine the effects of finger joints, veneer joints and gaps, and other features which can be placed entirely between the load points and whose effects can be projected readily to full panel width. Deflection and modulus of elasticity obtained from this method are related to flexural stress only and do not contain a shear component. Significant errors in modulus of rupture can occur when nominal moment is used (see Appendix X1).
1.4 Method C, Pure Moment Test—This method is ideally suited for evaluating effects of knots, knot-holes, areas of sloping grain, and patches for their effect on standard full-size panels. It is equally well suited for testing uniform or clear material whenever specimen size is adequate. Measured deformation and elastic constants are free of shear deformation effects; and panels can be bent to large deflection...
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Designation: D3043 − 00 (Reapproved 2011)
Standard Test Methods for
1
Structural Panels in Flexure
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3043; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope strength and elastic properties uniformly throughout the panel,
in controlled studies, and to testing small, defect free control
1.1 These test methods determine the flexural properties of
specimens cut from large specimens tested by Method C.
stripscutfromstructuralpanelsorpanelsupto4by8ftinsize.
However, it may be used to determine the effects of finger
Structural panels in use include plywood, waferboard, oriented
joints, veneer joints and gaps, and other features which can be
strand board, and composites of veneer and of wood-based
placed entirely between the load points and whose effects can
layers. Four methods of tests are included:
be projected readily to full panel width. Deflection and
Sections
modulus of elasticity obtained from this method are related to
Method A—Center-Point Flexure Test 5
flexural stress only and do not contain a shear component.
Method B—Two-Point Flexure Test 6
Significant errors in modulus of rupture can occur when
Method C—Pure Moment Test 7
nominal moment is used (see Appendix X1).
Method D—Flexure Test for Quality Assurance 8
1.4 Method C, Pure Moment Test—This method is ideally
The choice of method will be dictated by the purpose of the
suited for evaluating effects of knots, knot-holes, areas of
test, type of material, and equipment availability. All meth-
sloping grain, and patches for their effect on standard full-size
ods are applicable to material that is relative uniform in
panels. It is equally well suited for testing uniform or clear
strength and stiffness properties. Only Method C should be
material whenever specimen size is adequate. Measured defor-
used to test material suspected of having strength or stiffness
mation and elastic constants are free of shear deformation
variations within a panel caused by density variations, knots,
effects; and panels can be bent to large deflections without
knot-holes, areas of distorted grain, fungal attack, or wide
incurringerrorsfromhorizontalforcecomponentsoccurringin
growth variations. However, Method B may be used to
other methods. Specimen size and span above certain mini-
evaluate certain features such as core gaps and veneer joints
mums are quite flexible. It is preferred when equipment is
in plywood panels where effects are readily projected to full
available.
panels. Method C generally is preferred where size of test
material permits. Moments applied to fail specimens tested
1.5 Method D, Flexure Test for Quality Assurance—This
by Method A, B or D in which large deflections occur can
method, like Method A, is well suited to the investigation of
be considerably larger than nominal. An approximate correc-
factors that influence bending strength and stiffness properties.
tion can be made.
Also like Method A, this method uses small specimens in a
1.2 Method A, Center-Point Flexure Test—This method is
center-pointsimplespantestconfiguration.Thismethodusesa
applicabletomaterialthatisuniformwithrespecttoelasticand
span to depth ratio, specimen width, test fixture and test speed
strength properties. Total deflection, and modulus of elasticity
that make the method well suited for quality assurance. The
computed from it, include a relatively constant component
method is frequently used for quality assurance testing of
attributable to shear deformation. It is well suited to investi-
oriented strand board.
gations of many variables that influence properties uniformly
1.6 All methods can be used to determine modulus of
throughout the panel in controlled studies and to test small,
elasticity with sufficient accuracy. Modulus of rupture deter-
defect-free control specimens cut from large panels containing
mined by Methods A, B or D is subject to errors up to and
defects tested by the large-specimen method.
sometimes exceeding 20% depending upon span, loading, and
1.3 Method B, Two-Point Flexure Test—This method, like
deflectionatfailureunlessmomentiscomputedintherigorous
MethodA,issuitedtotheinvestigationoffactorsthatinfluence
manner outlined in Appendix X1 or corrections are made in
other ways. These errors are not present in Method C.
1
These methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on Wood
1.7 Whencomparisonsaredesiredbetweenresultsofspeci-
and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.03 on Panel Products.
men groups, it is good practice to use the same method of test
Current edition approved Nov. 1,
...
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