ASTM E1990-98
(Guide)Standard Guide for Performing Evaluations of Underground Storage Tank Systems for Operational Conformance with 40 CFR, Part 280 Regulations
Standard Guide for Performing Evaluations of Underground Storage Tank Systems for Operational Conformance with 40 CFR, Part 280 Regulations
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers information for evaluating tank systems for operational conformance with the Federal technical standards (including the financial responsibility requirements) for underground storage tanks (USTs) found at 40 Code of Federal Register (CFR) Part 280.
1.2 This guide does not address the corrective action requirements of 40 CFR Part 280.
1.3 To the extent that a tank system is excluded or deferred from the federal regulations under Subpart A of 40 CFR Part 280, it is not covered by this guide.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E 1990 – 98
Standard Guide for
Performing Evaluations of Underground Storage Tank
Systems for Operational Conformance with 40 CFR, Part
280 Regulations
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 1990; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.3 overfill—exceeding the capacity of the tank.
3.1.4 overfill protection—a device used to prevent a tank
1.1 This guide covers information for evaluating tank sys-
from being overfilled when product is being added to the tank.
tems for operational conformance with the Federal technical
3.1.5 release detection—a method to determine whether a
standards (including the financial responsibility requirements)
release of a regulated substance has occurred from the UST
for underground storage tanks (USTs) found at 40 Code of
system into the environment or into the interstitial space
Federal Register (CFR) Part 280.
betweentheUSTsystemanditssecondarybarrierorsecondary
1.2 This guide does not address the corrective action re-
containment around it.
quirements of 40 CFR Part 280.
3.1.6 spill—to cause or allow product to enter the environ-
1.3 To the extent that a tank system is excluded or deferred
ment that was intended to be placed in the tank.
from the federal regulations under Subpart A of 40 CFR Part
3.1.7 spill prevention—adeviceusedtopreventorcontaina
280, it is not covered by this guide.
spill associated with removing the fill hose from the tank fill
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
pipe.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.8 suspected release—released product discovered at or
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
near the USTsite, observed unusual operating conditions, such
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
as apparent loss of product; or results from a release detection
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
method that indicates a release. Suspected release does not
2. Referenced Documents include situations where a method or equipment is found to be
defective, is immediately corrected, and then indicates no
2.1 Federal Standards:
release.
Title40 CodeofFederalRegulations(CFR),Environmental
3.1.9 underground storage tank (UST)—any one or combi-
Protection Agency, Part 280, Technical Standards and
nation of tanks (including underground pipes connected
Corrective Action Requirements for Owners and Opera-
thereto) that is used to contain an accumulation of regulated
tors of Underground Storage Tanks (UST)
substances, and the volume of which (including connected
3. Terminology
undergroundpiping)is10 %ormorebeneaththesurfaceofthe
ground.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.9.1 existing tank—a tank where installation began on or
3.1.1 corrosion protection—to prevent the degradation of a
before 12/22/88.
material due to a reaction between the material and its
3.1.9.2 new tank—a tank where installation started after
environment.
12/22/88.
3.1.2 implementing agency—Environmental Protection
3.1.10 upgrade—the addition or retrofit of the UST system
Agency (EPA), or, in the case of a State with program approval
or some system components such as release detection, corro-
(or pursuant to a memorandum of agreement with EPA), the
sion protection, spill prevention, or overfill protection to
designated State or Local agency responsible for carrying out
improve the ability of an UST system to prevent the release of
the UST program.
product and meet the requirements of 40 CFR Part 280.
3.1.11 UST system—an underground storage tank, con-
ThisguideisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE50onEnvironmental
nected underground piping, underground ancillary equipment,
Assessment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E50.05 on Wetland
and containment system, if any.
Ecosystems.
Current edition approved Oct. 10, 1998. Published January 1999.
Available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing
Office, Washington, DC 20402.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
E1990–98
3.2 Additional Terminology—The following definitions and 4.5 This guide and accompanying appendixes are not in-
discussions, taken directly from the publication “Form and tended to be used by state or local UST program authorities as
Style for ASTM Standards” shall be included in full in every a regulatory or administrative requirement for owners or
standard guide or practice produced and passed by Committee operators. Use of this guide and appendixes by owners and
E-50 or any of its technical subcommittees, approvedApril 16, operators is intended to be a voluntary educational tool for the
1997. purposes described in 4.1.
3.2.1 guide—a series of options or instructions that do not
5. UST System Requirements
recommend a specific course of action.
5.1 Operational Conformance—For an underground stor-
3.2.1.1 Discussion—Whereas a practice prescribes a gen-
age tank (UST) system to be in operational conformance with
eral usage principle, a guide only suggest an approach. The
40 CFR Part 280, it must have release detection, corrosion
purpose of a guide is to offer guidance, based on a consensus
protection, spill prevention, and overfill protection.
of viewpoints, but not to establish a fixed procedure.Aguide is
5.2 Release Detection—To meet all release detection re-
intended to increase the awareness of the user to available
quirements, release detection for both tank and piping is
techniques in a given subject area and to provide information
required.
from which subsequent evaluation and standardization can be
5.2.1 Petroleum Tanks— These tanks may meet release
derived.
detection requirements by use of one of the following:
3.2.2 practice—a definitive procedure for performing one
5.2.1.1 Monthly monitoring using one of the following:
or more specific operations or functions that does not produce
automatic tank gaging, vapor monitoring, interstitial monitor-
a test result.
ing, ground water monitoring, statistical inventory reconcilia-
3.2.2.1 Discussion—A practice is not a downgraded test
tion (SIR), and any other approved method
method.Examplesofpracticesincludeproceduresofinterlabo-
5.2.1.2 Monthly inventory control and annual tank tightness
ratory testing programs or other statistical procedures; for
testing (may be used for existing UST systems which have not
writing statements on sampling or precision and accuracy; and
been upgraded to meet Federal regulations at 40 CFR Part
for selection, preparation, application, inspection, and neces-
280.21).
sary precautions for the use, disposal, installation, mainte-
5.2.1.3 Monthly inventory control and tank tightness testing
nance, and operation of testing equipment.
every five years (may start when new UST systems and UST
3.2.3 standard—as used in ASTM, a document that has
systems that have been upgraded with spill prevention and
beendevelopedandestablishedwithintheconsensusprinciples
overfill and corrosion protection meet the Federal regulations
of the Society and that meets the approval requirements of
at 40 CFR Part 280.20 or 280.21). This release detection
ASTM procedures and regulations.
method must be replaced or augmented with one of the options
3.2.3.1 Discussion—The term “standard” serves in ASTM
in 5.2.1.1 at the later of two dates—December 22, 1998 or ten
as an adjective in the title of documents such as test methods
years after the tank was installed or upgraded with corrosion
or specifications, to connote specified consensus and approval.
protection.
The various types of standard documents are based on the
5.2.1.4 Manual Tank Gaging—This release detection
needs and usages as prescribed by the technical committees of
methodisfortanksof2000-galcapacityorless.Thistechnique
the Society.
may be used if the tank meets the size, test duration, and
4. Significance and Use
standard variation requirements listed in Table 1:
4.1 This guide is an educational tool for tank owners, 5.2.2 Piping—Piping may meet release detection require-
operators, and other users and is not intended for use in
ments by use of one of the following:
certifying compliance with the Federal technical standards for
TABLE 1 Guide for Owners and Operators
underground storage tanks.
4.2 The intent of this guide is to provide an overview of the Weekly Monthly
Minimum
Standard Standard (Four-
general requirements. This guide is intended for users who are
Tank Size Duration of
(One Test), Test Average),
Test, h
generally familiar with the requirements of 40 CFR Part 280.
gal gal
The user is advised that this guide does not contain the level of
Up to 550 gal 36 10 5
detail necessary to make the determination of whether specific
551 to 1000 gal (when the tank 44 9 4
equipment or services meet the detailed technical performance
diameter is 64 in.)
requirements of 40 CFR Part 280.
4.3 This guide does not cover state and local requirements,
551 to 1000 gal (when the tank 58 12 6
diameter is 48 in.)
that can be more stringent than the federal rules. Owners and
operators are responsible for meeting federal, state, and, in
551 to 1000 gal (also requires 36 13 7
some circumstances, local requirements. It is recommended
periodic tank tightness testing in
accordance with 5.2.1.2 and
that owners and operators familiarize themselves with these
5.2.1.3)
requirements as well.
4.4 Owners or operators may use the sample checklist in 1001 to 2000 gal (also requires 36 26 13
periodic tank tightness testing in
Appendix X1 to assist them in determining operational con-
accordance with 5.2.1.2 and
formance or they may develop their own checklist based upon
5.2.1.3)
this guide.
E1990–98
5.2.2.1 Pressurized Piping—To meet release detection re- 5.3.1.7 Other construction accepted by the implementing
quirementsforpressurizedpiping,itisnecessarytochooseone agency.
method from 5.2.2.2 and one method from 5.2.2.4 (or a single 5.3.1.8 Corrosion expert’s determination that the site is not
method that satisfies both sections). corrosive enough to cause it to have a release during the
operating life of the tank.
5.2.2.2 Choose one of the following: automatic flow re-
stricter, automatic shutoff device, and continuous alarm sys- 5.3.2 Piping—Piping that routinely contains regulated sub-
tem. stances and is in contact with the ground must be protected
5.2.2.3 Each of these methods must be tested on an annual from corrosion. The following may be used to meet corrosion
protection requirements for piping:
basis in accordance with the manufacturer’s requirements.
5.3.2.1 Coated and cathodically protected steel,
5.2.2.4 Choose one of the following: annual line tightness
5.3.2.2 Cathodic protection added,
testing, monthly monitoring using one of the following: vapor
5.3.2.3 Fiberglass reinforced plastic,
monitoring, ground water monitoring, interstitial monitoring,
5.3.2.4 Other construction accepted by the implementing
SIR, other approved methods, such as: electric or electronic
agency, and
line leak detector, and continual reconciliation.
5.3.2.5 Corrosion expert’s determination that the site is not
5.2.2.5 Suction Piping— For suction piping, you may
corrosive enough to cause it to have a release during the
choose one of the following:
operating life of the piping.
5.2.2.6 Monthly monitoring using one of the following:
5.4 Spill Prevention and Overfill Protection—Tanks that
vapor monitoring, ground water monitoring, interstitial moni-
received regulated substances in quantities greater than 25 gal
toring, SIR and, other approved methods.
at one filling need to have spill prevention and overfill
5.2.2.7 Line testing every three years.
protection.
5.2.2.8 No leak detection requirements if the piping meets
5.4.1 To meet the spill prevention requirement, equipment
the following criteria:
that will contain the product in the transfer hose when the
5.2.2.9 The below-grade piping operates at less than atmo-
transfer hose is detached from the fill pipe (for example, a
spheric pressure.
catchment basin) must be used to prevent release of product to
5.2.2.10 The below-grade piping is sloped so that the
the environment.
contents of the pipe will drain back into the storage tank if
5.4.2 To meet overfill protection requirements, one of the
suction is released.
following must be used:
5.2.2.11 Only one check valve is included in each suction
5.4.2.1 Automatic shutoff device,
line and it is located directly below and as close as practical to
5.4.2.2 Overfill alarm, and
the suction pump.
5.4.2.3 Ball float valve.
5.2.2.12 Satisfying the preceding requirements must be able
to be easily determined.
6. Financial Responsibility
5.2.3 Hazardous Substance Tanks—Release detection for
6.1 Financial Responsibility—Owners or operators of USTs
hazardous substance tanks must meet one of the following:
which hold petroleum must demonstrate financial responsibil-
5.2.3.1 Existing UST systems
ity. These requirements are designed to ensure that someone
5.2.3.1.1 Until Dec. 22, 1998, existing hazardous UST
can pay the costs of cleaning up leaks and compensating
systems may meet the release detection requirements as
third-parties for bodily injury and property damage caused by
described in 5.2.1.
leaking USTs.The total amount of coverage required under the
5.2.3.1.2 By Dec. 22, 1998, all hazardous UST systems
federal rule is determined by the type of business, the amount
must meet the new system requirements described in 5.2.3.2.
of throughput of the tanks at a facility, and the number of tanks
5.2.3.2 New UST systems
owned nationwide. The amount of coverage that an owner
5.2.3.2.1 Unless an owner or operator has applied for and
mustdemonstratemaybechangedduetocoverageprovidedby
received a variance from the implementing agency, new
a state financial assurance fund. The following mechanisms
hazardous substance UST systems must have each of the
may be used to meet the financial responsibility requirements:
following: secondary containment, and monthly interstitial
6.1.1 Insurance policy,
monitoring.
6.1.2 Guarantee,
5.3 Corrosion Protection—All underground tanks and pip-
6.1.3 Letter of credit,
ing must be protected from corrosion.
6.1.4 Self insurance.
5.3.1 Tanks—Any portion of the tank that is underground
6.1.5 State financial assurance fund,
and routinely contains product must have corrosion protection.
6.1.6 Surety bond,
The following may be used to meet corrosion protection
6.1.7 Dedicated trust fund, and
requ
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.