ASTM C1419-99a(2009)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Sonic Velocity in Refractory Materials at Room Temperature and Its Use in Obtaining an Approximate Young's Modulus
Standard Test Method for Sonic Velocity in Refractory Materials at Room Temperature and Its Use in Obtaining an Approximate Young's Modulus
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is used to determine the sonic velocity and approximate Young's modulus of refractory shapes at room temperature. Since this test is nondestructive, specimens may be used for other tests as desired.
This test method is useful for research and development, engineering application and design, manufacturing quality and process control, and for developing purchasing specifications.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for measuring the sonic velocity in refractory materials at room temperature. The sonic velocity can be used to obtain an approximate value for Young's modulus.
1.2 The sonic velocity may be measured through the length, thickness, and width of the specimen.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: C1419 − 99a(Reapproved 2009)
Standard Test Method for
Sonic Velocity in Refractory Materials at Room Temperature
and Its Use in Obtaining an Approximate Young’s Modulus
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1419; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for measuring 3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
the sonic velocity in refractory materials at room temperature. 3.1.1 longitudinalsonicpulse,n—asonicpulseinwhichthe
The sonic velocity can be used to obtain an approximate value displacements are in the direction of propagation of the pulse.
for Young’s modulus.
3.1.2 pulse travel time, (T), n—the total time, measured in
t
microseconds, required for the sonic pulse to traverse the
1.2 Thesonicvelocitymaybemeasuredthroughthelength,
specimenbeingtested,andfortheassociatedelectronicsignals
thickness, and width of the specimen.
to traverse the circuits of the pulse propagation circuitry.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.1.3 zero time, (T ), n—the travel time (correction factor),
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this o
measured in microseconds, associated with the electronic
standard.
circuits in the pulse-propagation system.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safety
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
4. Summary of Test Method
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
4.1 The velocity of sound waves passing through the test
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
specimen is determined by measuring the distance through the
limitations prior to use.
specimen and dividing by the time lapse between the transmit-
3,4
ted pulse and the received pulse. An approximate value for
2. Referenced Documents
Young’s modulus can be obtained as follows:
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E 5 ρv (1)
C134Test Methods for Size, Dimensional Measurements,
and Bulk Density of Refractory Brick and Insulating
where:
Firebrick
E = Young’s modulus of elasticity, Pa,
C179Test Method for Drying and Firing Linear Change of
ρ = density, kg/m , and
Refractory Plastic and Ramming Mix Specimens
v = signal velocity, m/s.
C769Test Method for Sonic Velocity in Manufactured
4.2 Strictly speaking, the elastic constant given by this
Carbon and Graphite Materials for Use in Obtaining
measurement is not E but C , provided the sonic pulse is
Young’s Modulus
longitudinal and the direction of propagation is along the axis
C885Test Method for Young’s Modulus of Refractory
3,4
of symmetry.
Shapes by Sonic Resonance
E177Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
5. Significance and Use
ASTM Test Methods
5.1 This test method is used to determine the sonic velocity
E691Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
and approximate Young’s modulus of refractory shapes at
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
room temperature. Since this test is nondestructive, specimens
may be used for other tests as desired.
5.2 Thistestmethodisusefulforresearchanddevelopment,
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 on
Refractories and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.01 on Strength. engineering application and design, manufacturing quality and
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2009. Published October 2009. Originally
process control, and for developing purchasing specifications.
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as C1419– 99a (2004).
DOI: 10.1520/C1419-99AR09.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Schreiber, Anderson, and Soga, Elastic Constants and Their Measurement,
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM McGraw-HillBookCo.,1221AvenueoftheAmericas,NewYork,NY10020,1973.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on AmericanInstituteofPhysicsHandbook,3rded.,McGraw-HillBookCo.,1221
the ASTM website. Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10020, 1972, pp. 3–98ff.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C1419 − 99a (2009)
6. Apparatus 7.2 Dry the specimens in an oven at 110°C for a minimum
of5h.Cooltoroomtemperature.Testforsonicvelocitywithin
6.1 Driving Circuit, which consists of an ultra sonic pulse
5 h of drying.
generator capable of producing pulses in a frequency range
from 0.5 to 2.5 MHz. 7.3 MeasurementofDensityandDimensions—Calculatethe
density of the specimens byTest Methods C134 and determine
6.2 Transducer, input.
the specimen lengths by either Test Methods C134 or C179.
6.3 Transducer, output.
8. Procedure
6.4 Oscilloscope, dual trace with a preamplifier and time
delay circuity.
8.1 Assemble and connect the apparatus as shown in Fig. 1
andrefertotheequipmentmanufacturer’sinstructionsforhook
6.5 See Fig. 1 for a typical set-up.
up precautions. If using commercially available equipment
designed to measure sonic velocity, refer to the manufacturer’s
7. Test Specimen
set-up and operating instructions. Allow adequate time for the
7.1 Specimens may be prisms of any desired length with
test apparatus to warm up and stabilize.
parallel smooth surfaces. Opposite surfaces across the length,
width, and thickness shall be parallel. The smallest dimension 8.2 Provide a suitable coupling medium on the transducer
faces.
shall be greater than 5 times the diameter of the largest
aggregate in the refractory.The surface on which the transduc-
NOTE 1—Petroleum jelly or grease couple well but may be difficult to
ers will be located must have a width of at least 1.5 times the
remove for subsequent tests on the same specimen.
diameter of the transducer being used.
8.3 Position the transducers on opposite surfaces so that
they provide a mirror image
...
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