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ASTM D3014-04a

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Flame Height, Time of Burning, and Loss of Mass of Rigid Thermoset Cellular Plastics in a Vertical Position

Standard Test Method for Flame Height, Time of Burning, and Loss of Mass of Rigid Thermoset Cellular Plastics in a Vertical Position

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Tests made on rigid cellular materials in accordance with the conditions described by this test method can be of considerable value in comparing their burning characteristics. The height and duration of flame and the mass percent retained by the specimen are recorded.
This test method has been applied to flexible cellular materials and other plastics, but no detailed studies have been conducted to determine its general applicability to these materials.
In this procedure, the specimens are subjected to one or more specific sets of laboratory test conditions. If different test conditions are substituted or the end-use conditions are changed, it may not be possible by or from this test to predict changes in the fire-test-response characteristics measured. The results are therefore valid only for the fire-test-exposure conditions described in this procedure.
SCOPE
1.1 This is a fire-test-response standard. This test method covers a small-scale laboratory screening procedure for comparing relative extent and time of burning and loss of mass of rigid thermoset cellular plastics. This test method is to be used solely to establish relative burning characteristics and shall not be considered or used as a fire-hazard classification.
1.1.1 This test method should not be used for materials that drip or melt under the test conditions.
1.2 During the course of combustion, gases or vapors, or both, are evolved which are hazardous to personnel. Adequate precautions should be taken to protect the operator.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. A specific precautionary statement is given in 1.2.
1.4 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
Note 1—There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Jun-2004
ICS
83.080.01 - Plastics in general
Technical Committee
D20 - Plastics
Drafting Committee
D20.30 - Thermal Properties
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D3014-04 - Standard Test Method for Flame Height, Time of Burning, and Loss of Mass of Rigid Thermoset Cellular Plastics in a Vertical Position
Effective Date
01-Jul-2004
Replaced By
ASTM D3014-11 - Standard Test Method for Flame Height, Time of Burning, and Loss of Mass of Rigid Thermoset Cellular Plastics in a Vertical Position
Effective Date
01-Feb-2011
Referred By
ASTM D5025-20a - Standard Specification for Laboratory Burner Used for Small-Scale Burning Tests on Plastic Materials
Effective Date
01-Jul-2004
Referred By
ASTM D178-22 - Standard Specification for Rubber Insulating Matting
Effective Date
01-Jul-2004

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ASTM D3014-04a - Standard Test Method for Flame Height, Time of Burning, and Loss of Mass of Rigid Thermoset Cellular Plastics in a Vertical PositionASTM D3014-04a - Standard Test Method for Flame Height, Time of Burning, and Loss of Mass of Rigid Thermoset Cellular Plastics in a Vertical Position
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ASTM D3014-04a - Standard Test Method for Flame Height, Time of Burning, and Loss of Mass of Rigid Thermoset Cellular Plastics in a Vertical Position
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D3014–04a
Standard Test Method for
Flame Height, Time of Burning, and Loss of Mass of Rigid
1
Thermoset Cellular Plastics in a Vertical Position
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3014; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* D5025 Specification for Laboratory Burner Used for Small-
Scale Burning Tests on Plastic Materials
1.1 This is a fire-test-response standard. This test method
E176 Terminology of Fire Standards
covers a small-scale laboratory screening procedure for com-
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
paring relative extent and time of burning and loss of mass of
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
rigid thermoset cellular plastics. This test method is to be used
solely to establish relative burning characteristics and shall not
3. Terminology
be considered or used as a fire-hazard classification.
3.1 Definitions—For terms relating to plastics, the defini-
1.1.1 This test method should not be used for materials that
tions in this test method are in accordance with Terminology
drip or melt under the test conditions.
D883. For terms relating to fire, the definitions in this test
1.2 During the course of combustion, gases or vapors, or
method are in accordance with Terminology E176.
both,areevolvedwhicharepotentiallyhazardoustopersonnel.
Adequate precautions should be taken to protect the operator.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.1 The specimen is mounted in a vertical chimney with a
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
glass front and ignited with a bunsen burner for 10 s. The
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
height and duration of flame and the mass percent retained by
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
the specimen are recorded.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. A specific precau-
tionary statement is given in 1.2.
5. Significance and Use
1.4 This standard is used to measure and describe the
5.1 Tests made on rigid cellular materials in accordance
response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and
with the conditions described by this test method can be of
flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself
considerable value in comparing their burning characteristics.
incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk
The height and duration of flame and the mass percent retained
assessment of materials, products, or assemblies under actual
by the specimen are recorded.
fire conditions.
5.2 This test method has been applied to flexible cellular
NOTE 1—There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.
materials and other plastics, but no detailed studies have been
conducted to determine its general applicability to these
2. Referenced Documents
materials.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.3 In this procedure, the specimens are subjected to one or
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
more specific sets of laboratory test conditions. If different test
D1622 Test Method forApparent Density of Rigid Cellular
conditions are substituted or the end-use conditions are
Plastics
changed, it may not be possible by or from this test to predict
changes in the fire-test-response characteristics measured. The
results are therefore valid only for the fire-test-exposure
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics
conditions described in this procedure.
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.30 on Thermal Properties
(Section D20.30.03).
6. Apparatus
Current edition approved July 1, 2004. Published July 2004. Originally approved
6.1 Test Chimney, conforming to the dimensions in Fig. 1,
in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D3014 - 04. DOI: 10.1520/
D3014-04A.
Fig. 2, and Fig. 3. The body of the chimney may be either
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
galvanized or stainless steel. In it is fastened an insert made of
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
0.025-mm aluminum foil. The insert is held in place by a
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. stainless steel channel that carries three pins to support the
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright ©ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA19428-2959, United States.
1

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Compression tests provide information about the compressive properties of plastics when employed under conditions approximating those under which the tests are made.  
4.2 Compressive properties include modulus of elasticity, yield stress, deformation beyond yield point, and compressive strength (unless the material merely flattens but does not fracture). Materials possessing a low order of ductility may not exhibit a yield point. In the case of a material that fails in compression by a shattering fracture, the compressive strength has a very definite value. In the case of a material that does not fail in compression by a shattering fracture, the compressive strength is an arbitrary one depending upon the degree of distortion that is regarded as indicating complete failure of the material. Many plastic materials will continue to deform in compression until a flat disk is produced, the compressive stress (nominal) rising steadily in the process, without any well-defined fracture occurring. Compressive strength can have no real meaning in such cases.  
4.3 Compression tests provide a standard method of obtaining data for research and development, quality control, acceptance or rejection under specifications, and special purposes. The tests cannot be considered significant for engineering design in applications differing widely from the load-time scale of the standard test. Such applications require additional tests such as impact, creep, and fatigue.  
4.4 Before proceeding with this test method, reference should be made to the ASTM specification for the material being tested. Any test specimen preparation, conditioning, dimensions, and testing parameters covered in the materials specification shall take precedence over those mentioned in this test method. If there is no material specification, then the default conditions apply. Table 1 in Classification D4000 lists the ASTM materials standards that currently exist.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the mechanical properties of unreinforced and reinforced rigid plastics, including high-modulus composites, when loaded in compression at relatively low uniform rates of straining or loading. Test specimens of standard shape are employed. This procedure is applicable for a composite modulus up to and including 41,370 MPa (6,000,000 psi).  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
Note 1: For compressive properties of resin-matrix composites reinforced with oriented continuous, discontinuous, or cross-ply reinforcements, tests may be made in accordance with Test Method D3410/D3410M or D6641/D6641M.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. A specific precautionary statement is given in 13.1.
Note 2: This standard is equivalent to ISO 604.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Standard
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ASTM
ASTM D1929-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determining Ignition Temperature of Plastics

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Tests made under conditions herein prescribed can be of considerable value in comparing the relative ignition characteristics of different materials. Values obtained represent the lowest ambient air temperature that will cause ignition of the material under the conditions of this test. Test values are expected to rank materials according to ignition susceptibility under actual use conditions.  
4.2 This test is not intended to be the sole criterion for fire hazard. In addition to ignition temperatures, fire hazards include other factors such as burning rate or flame spread, intensity of burning, fuel contribution, products of combustion, and others.
SCOPE
1.1 This fire test response test method2 covers a laboratory determination of the flash ignition temperature and spontaneous ignition temperature of plastics using a hot-air furnace.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 Caution—During the course of combustion, gases or vapors, or both, are evolved that have the potential to be hazardous to personnel.  
1.4 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire-hazard or fire-risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.  
1.5 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in 1.3 and 1.4.
Note 1: This test method and ISO 871-2022 (Option 1) are similar in all technical details.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Standard
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