ASTM G122-96(2015)e1

Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Effectiveness of Cleaning Agents

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The purpose of this test method is to define a procedure for evaluating the capability of cleaning agents to clean metallic coupons. Based on the outcome of the testing, suitable cleaning agents may be selected for cleaning in general and for oxygen service in particular.  
5.2 The cleaning parameters can be changed and the test method can be repeated. The usual cleaning parameters include cleaning agent concentration, temperature, and time; type and strength of ultrasonic energy or agitation, if used, and others.
Note 1: Usual cleaning parameters are based on the manufacturer's recommendations.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for evaluating the capability of cleaning agents and processes to remove contamination to the desired level.  
1.2 The test coupons provide a relatively rough surface to which contamination can easily adhere.  
1.3 The capability of a particular cleaning agent depends upon the method by which it is used and the characteristics of the article being cleaned, such as size, shape, and material. Final evaluation of the cleaning agent should include testing of actual products and production process.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Note 2.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Aug-2008
• ICS: 71.100.40 - Surface active agents
• Technical Committee: G04 - Compatibility and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres
• Drafting Committee: G04.01 - Test Methods

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation: G122 − 96 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Test Method for
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Cleaning Agents
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G122; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Editorial correction made in October 2015.
INTRODUCTION
Many systems require a high degree of cleanliness. For example, gaseous and liquid oxygen
systems must be clean, particularly of hydrocarbons, to avoid the potential hazard of a reaction and
subsequent fire or explosion. Typically, chlorinated solvents have been used to clean systems and
equipment that must be free of hydrocarbons and other contaminants. Environmental concerns dictate
that suitable replacements are needed. This test method presents a procedure that may be used to
evaluate candidate aqueous or non aqueous cleaning agents.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for evaluating the
D1193Specification for Reagent Water
capabilityofcleaningagentsandprocessestoremovecontami-
E177Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
nation to the desired level.
ASTM Test Methods
1.2 The test coupons provide a relatively rough surface to
E691Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
which contamination can easily adhere. Determine the Precision of a Test Method
G94Guide for Evaluating Metals for Oxygen Service
1.3 The capability of a particular cleaning agent depends
G121Practice for Preparation of Contaminated Test Cou-
upon the method by which it is used and the characteristics of
pons for the Evaluation of Cleaning Agents
the article being cleaned, such as size, shape, and material.
2.2 ANSI Standard:
Finalevaluationofthecleaningagentshouldincludetestingof
D46.1Surface Texture (Surface Roughness, Waviness, Lay)
actual products and production process.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3. Terminology
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
3.1 Definitions:
only.
3.1.1 cleaning effectiveness factor (CEF), n—the fraction of
contaminant removed from an initially contaminated test
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
coupon and determined by gravimetric techniques.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 3.1.2 residual contamination, R,n—the absolute mass of
c
contaminant remaining after the cleaning process and ex-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
pressed in milligrams per square centimetre of area or option-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-
ally as milligrams per square foot.
tionary statements are given in Note 2.
3.1.3 surface roughness, R ,n—the arithmetic average de-
A
viation of the surface profile from the centerline, normally
reported in micrometres.
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G04 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Compatibility and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen EnrichedAtmospheres and is contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G04.01 on Test Methods. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2015. Published October 2015. Originally the ASTM website.
approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as G122–96(2008). Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
DOI: 10.1520/G0122-96R15E01. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
´1
G122 − 96 (2015)
4. Summary of Test Method 7.2 Indicate the masses of coupons in grams as MXy where
Xisthecoupondesignation(number,letter,orname)andy =1
4.1 This test method provides quantitative results as to the
indicates a clean coupon, y=2 indicates a contaminated
ability of a specific cleaning agent/process for removing
coupon and y=3 indicates a coupon after cleaning.
selected contaminants from standard coupons. The coupons
usedfortestingarepreparedinaccordancewithPracticeG121. 7.3 Designate one coupon as the control coupon to undergo
Cleaning is performed using a cleaning tank with or without
cleaning without contamination.
ultrasonic agitation, elevated temperature or other cleaning
7.4 Measure the mass of the control and test coupons
enhancement features and depends on the manufacturer’s
(recording them as MX1 as previously defined).
instructions. The effectiveness of the cleaning process is
7.5 Contaminate five test coupons in accordance with Prac-
representedasCEF,thecleaningeffectivenessfactor,thatisthe
fraction of the contaminant removed as determined by gravi- tice G121.
metric techniques.Acontrol coupon is used to account for any
7.6 Measure the mass of all contaminated test coupons
corrosion or material removal effects due to the cleaning
(recording them as MX2 as previously defined).
agent/process.
7.7 Process the control coupon in the test cleaning solution
separately from the contaminated test coupons.
5. Significance and Use
7.8 The contaminated test coupons can be processed in
5.1 The purpose of this test method is to define a procedure
independent beakers held in the cleaning tank or as a batch in
for evaluating the capability of cleaning agents to clean
a single beaker.
metalliccoupons.Basedontheoutcomeofthetesting,suitable
cleaningagentsmaybeselectedforcleaningingeneralandfor
7.9 Clean the test and control coupons in the candidate
oxygen service in particular.
cleaning agent by the manufacturer’s procedure or selected
procedure.
5.2 The cleaning parameters can be changed and the test
methodcanberepeated.Theusualcleaningparametersinclude 7.9.1 Prepare the cleaning agent in accordance with the
manufacturer’s recommendations.
cleaning agent concentration, temperature, and time; type and
strength of ultrasonic energy or agitation, if used, and others.
7.9.2 Selectbeakersofsuitablesizetoaccommodatethetest
coupons and fit the beaker holder.
NOTE 1—Usual cleaning parameters are based on the manufacturer’s
7.9.3 Washthebeakersthoroughlywithasolutionofliquid,
recommendations.
surface-active cleaning agent in hot water and rinse with type
II water.
6. Apparatus
7.9.4 Fill the beakers with the cleaning agent solution to a
6.1 Materials:
level that will ensure the test coupons are submerged.
6.1.1 Test Coupon, prepared in accordance with Practice
7.9.5 Fill the cleaning tank to its operating level with the
G121.The mass of the coupon is approximately 30 to 45 g but
transfer fluid and preheat to desired test temperature.
will vary significantly for each selected material. Typical
7.9.6 Place the beakers in the beaker holder in the tank so
materials used in oxygen systems are described in Guide G94.
that the liquid levels in the tank and beakers are approximately
6.1.2 Control Coupon—This is uncontaminated and is sub-
equal.
jected to the identical cleaning procedure as the contaminated
7.9.7 Allow the temperatures of the tank fluid and cleaning
couponsandservestoevaluatecorrosionanderosionofthetest
agent in the beakers to equilibrate at the desired temperature.
coupons.
7.9.8 Suspend the test coupons and control coupon in the
6.1.3 Cleaning Agent, prepared according to the manufac-
cleaning agent, using a wire hook of the same material as the
turer’s instructions. Specification D1193Type II water shall be
coupon or a compatible material. Position the coupons such
used for preparing aqueous solutions.
that they do not touch the beaker or one another.
6.2 Equipment:
7.9.9 Begin agi
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: G122 − 96 (Reapproved 2008) G122 − 96 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Test Method for
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Cleaning Agents
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G122; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Editorial correction made in October 2015.
INTRODUCTION
Many systems require a high degree of cleanliness. For example, gaseous and liquid oxygen
systems must be clean, particularly of hydrocarbons, to avoid the potential hazard of a reaction and
subsequent fire or explosion. Typically, chlorinated solvents have been used to clean systems and
equipment that must be free of hydrocarbons and other contaminants. Environmental concerns dictate
that suitable replacements are needed. This test method presents a procedure that may be used to
evaluate candidate aqueous or non aqueous cleaning agents.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for evaluating the capability of cleaning agents and processes to remove contamination
to the desired level.
1.2 The test coupons provide a relatively rough surface to which contamination can easily adhere.
1.3 The capability of a particular cleaning agent depends upon the method by which it is used and the characteristics of the
article being cleaned, such as size, shape, and material. Final evaluation of the cleaning agent should include testing of actual
products and production process.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Note 2.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
G94 Guide for Evaluating Metals for Oxygen Service
G121 Practice for Preparation of Contaminated Test Coupons for the Evaluation of Cleaning Agents
2.2 ANSI Standard:
D46.1 Surface Texture (Surface Roughness, Waviness, Lay)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 cleaning effectiveness factor (CEF), n—the fraction of contaminant removed from an initially contaminated test coupon
and determined by gravimetric techniques.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G04 on Compatibility and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres and is the direct
responsibility of Subcommittee G04.01 on Test Methods.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2008Oct. 1, 2015. Published October 2008 October 2015. Originally approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 20022008 as
G122 – 96 (2002).(2008). DOI: 10.1520/G0122-96R08.10.1520/G0122-96R15E01.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
´1
G122 − 96 (2015)
3.1.2 residual contamination, R , n—the absolute mass of contaminant remaining after the cleaning process and expressed in
c
milligrams per square centimetre of area or optionally as milligrams per square foot.
3.1.3 surface roughness, R , n—the arithmetic average deviation of the surface profile from the centerline, normally reported
A
in micrometres.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 This test method provides quantitative results as to the ability of a specific cleaning agent/process for removing selected
contaminants from standard coupons. The coupons used for testing are prepared in accordance with Practice G121. Cleaning is
performed using a cleaning tank with or without ultrasonic agitation, elevated temperature or other cleaning enhancement features
and depends on the manufacturer’s instructions. The effectiveness of the cleaning process is represented as CEF, the cleaning
effectiveness factor, that is the fraction of the contaminant removed as determined by gravimetric techniques. A control coupon
is used to account for any corrosion or material removal effects due to the cleaning agent/process.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 The purpose of this test method is to define a procedure for evaluating the capability of cleaning agents to clean metallic
coupons. Based on the outcome of the testing, suitable cleaning agents may be selected for cleaning in general and for oxygen
service in particular.
5.2 The cleaning parameters can be changed and the test method can be repeated. The usual cleaning parameters include
cleaning agent concentration, temperature, and time; type and strength of ultrasonic energy or agitation, if used, and others.
NOTE 1—Usual cleaning parameters are based on the manufacturer’s recommendations.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Materials:
6.1.1 Test Coupon, prepared in accordance with Practice G121. The mass of the coupon is approximately 30 to 45 g but will
vary significantly for each selected material. Typical materials used in oxygen systems are described in Guide G94.
6.1.2 Control Coupon—This is uncontaminated and is subjected to the identical cleaning procedure as the contaminated coupons
and serves to evaluate corrosion, erosioncorrosion anderosion of the test coupons.
6.1.3 Cleaning Agent, prepared according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Specification D1193 Type II water shall be used
for preparing aqueous solutions.
6.2 Equipment:
6.2.1 Cleaning Tank, A vessel of sufficient size to conduct a number of evaluations simultaneously. Testing is enhanced by
having automatic temperature and time controls. A cleaning tank with ultrasonics may be used.
6.2.2 Balance, accuracy to 0.1 mg. However, 0.01 mg accuracy is desirable to detect contamination levels of 10 mg/m (1
mg/ft ) or less.
6.2.3 Beaker Holder—A device to support beakers in the ultrasonic cleaner tank such that the beakers do not contact the bottom
and sides of the tank.
7. Test Procedure
7.1 Prepare a minimum of six test coupons by Practice G121.
7.2 Indicate the masses of coupons in grams as MXy where X is the coupon designation (number, letter, or name) and y = 1
indicates a clean coupon, y = 2 indicates a contaminated coupon and y = 3 indicates a coupon after cleaning.
7.3 Designate one coupon as the control coupon to undergo cleaning without contamination.
7.4 Measure the mass of the control and test coupons (recording them as MX1 as previously defined).
7.5 Contaminate five test coupons in accordance with Practice G121.
7.6 Measure the mass of all contaminated test coupons (recording them as MX2 as previously defined).
7.7 Process the control coupon in the test cleaning solution separately from the contaminated test coupons.
7.8 The contaminated test coupons can be processed in independent beakers held in the cleaning tank or as a batch in a single
beaker.
7.9 Clean the test and control coupons in the candidate cleaning agent by the manufacturer’s procedure or selected procedure.
7.9.1 Prepare the cleaning agent in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations.
7.9.2 Select beakers of suitable size to accommodate the test coupons and fit the beaker holder.
7.9.3 Wash the beakers thoroughly with a solution of liquid, surface-active cleaning agent in hot water and rinse with type
...