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ASTM D7170-06a

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Determination of Derived Cetane Number (DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils-Fixed Range Injection Period, Constant Volume Combustion Chamber Method

Standard Test Method for Determination of Derived Cetane Number (DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils-Fixed Range Injection Period, Constant Volume Combustion Chamber Method

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determination of the ignition characteristics of conventional diesel fuel oils, diesel fuel oils containing cetane number improver additives, and is applicable to products typical of Specification D 975, Grades No. 1-D and 2-D regular and low-sulfur diesel fuel oils, European standard EN 590, and Canadian standards CAN/CGSB-3.517-2000 and CAN/CGSB 3.6-2000. The test method may also be applied to the quantitative determination of the ignition characteristics of blends of fuel oils containing biodiesel material, and diesel fuel oil blending components.
1.2 This test method measures the ignition delay and utilizes a constant volume combustion chamber with direct fuel injection into heated, compressed air. An equation converts an ignition delay determination to a derived cetane number (DCN).
1.3 This test method covers the ignition delay range from 2.90 to 4.35 ms (60.0 to 40.0 DCN). The combustion analyzer can measure shorter and longer ignition delays but precision may be affected.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Jun-2006
ICS
75.160.20 - Liquid fuels
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.01 - Combustion Characteristics
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D7170-06 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Derived Cetane Number (DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils-Fixed Range Injection Period, Constant Volume Combustion Chamber Method
Effective Date
01-Jul-2006
Replaced By
ASTM D7170-08 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Derived Cetane Number (DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils<span class='unicode'>&#x2014;</span>Fixed Range Injection Period, Constant Volume Combustion Chamber Method
Effective Date
01-Aug-2008
Referred By
ASTM D1655-23 - Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
Effective Date
01-Jul-2006
Referred By
ASTM D4737-21 - Standard Test Method for Calculated Cetane Index by Four Variable Equation
Effective Date
01-Jul-2006

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ASTM D7170-06a - Standard Test Method for Determination of Derived Cetane Number (DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils-Fixed Range Injection Period, Constant Volume Combustion Chamber MethodASTM D7170-06a - Standard Test Method for Determination of Derived Cetane Number (DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils-Fixed Range Injection Period, Constant Volume Combustion Chamber Method
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ASTM D7170-06a - Standard Test Method for Determination of Derived Cetane Number (DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils-Fixed Range Injection Period, Constant Volume Combustion Chamber Method
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
Designation:D7170–06a
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Derived Cetane Number (DCN) of Diesel
Fuel Oils—Fixed Range Injection Period, Constant Volume
1
Combustion Chamber Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7170; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determination
Petroleum Products
of the ignition characteristics of conventional diesel fuel oils,
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum
diesel fuel oils containing cetane number improver additives,
Products, and Lubricants
and is applicable to products typical of Specification D975,
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
GradesNo.1-Dand2-Dregularandlow-sulfurdieselfueloils,
Petroleum Products
European standard EN590, and Canadian standards CAN/
D 5854 Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid
CGSB-3.517-2000andCAN/CGSB3.6-2000.Thetestmethod
Samples of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
may also be applied to the quantitative determination of the
D6299 Practice forApplying Statistical QualityAssurance
ignitioncharacteristicsofblendsoffueloilscontainingbiodie-
Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System
sel material, and diesel fuel oil blending components.
Performance
1.2 Thistestmethodmeasurestheignitiondelayandutilizes
D6708 Practice for Statistical Assessment and Improve-
a constant volume combustion chamber with direct fuel injec-
ment of ExpectedAgreement Between Two Test Methods
tion into heated, compressed air. An equation converts an
that Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material
ignition delay determination to a derived cetane number
E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
(DCN).
3
2.2 EN Standard:
1.3 This test method covers the ignition delay range from
EN 590 Automotive Fuels—Diesel—Requirements and
2.90 to 4.35 ms (60.0 to 40.0 DCN). The combustion analyzer
Test Methods
can measure shorter and longer ignition delays but precision
4
2.3 Energy Institute Standard:
may be affected.
IP41 Ignition Quality of Diesel Fuels—Cetane EngineTest
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
Method
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
5
2.4 Canadian Standards:
only.
CAN/CGSB-3.517-2000 Regular Sulphur Diesel Fuel—
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Specification
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
CAN/CGSB 3.6-2000 Automotive Low-Sulphur Diesel
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Fuel—Specification
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
6
2.5 DIN Standard:
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
DIN 73372 Einspritzdüsen Grösse T und U
2. Referenced Documents
3. Terminology
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1 Definitions:
D613 Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel Fuel Oil
3.1.1 accepted reference value (ARV), n—a value that
D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils
serves as an agreed-upon reference for comparison and that is
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
3
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee Available from European Committee for standardization. Central Secretariat:
D02.01 on Combustion Characteristics. rue de Stassart, 36, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
4
Current edition approved July 1, 2006. Published August 2006. Originally Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR,
approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D7170–06. U.K.
2 5
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available from the Canadian General Standards Board, Ottawa, Canada, K1A
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM 1G6.
6
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from DIN, Deutsches Institut für Normung, Burggrafenstrasse 6,
the ASTM website. 10787 Berlin.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7170–06a
derived as (1) a theoretical or established value, based on 3.2.7 injection period (IP), n—the period of time, in milli-
scientific principles, (2) an assigned value, based on experi- seconds (ms), that the fuel injector nozzle is open as deter-
mental work of some national or international organization, mined using the spe
...

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1.4 Table of Contents:    
Section  
Scope  
1  
Referenced Documents  
2  
Terminology  
3  
Summary of Test Method  
4  
Significance and Use  
5  
Apparatus  
6  
Engine Fluids and Cleaning Solvents  
7  
Preparation of Apparatus  
8  
Engine/Stand Calibration and Non-Reference Oil Tests  
9  
Test Procedure  
10  
Calculations, Ratings, and Test Validity  
11  
Report  
12  
Precision and Bias  
13  
Annexes  
Safety Precautions  
Annex A1  
Intake Air Aftercooler  
Annex A2  
The Cummins ISB Engine Build Parts Kit  
Annex A3  
Sensor Locations and Special Hardware  
Annex A4  
External Oil System  
Annex A5  
Cummins Service Publications  
Annex A6  
Specified Units and Formats  
Annex A7  
Oil Analyses  
Annex A8  
Alternate Fuel Approval Process  
Annex A9  
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5.1 Wear due to excessive friction resulting in shortened life of engine components such as fuel pumps and fuel controls has sometimes been ascribed to lack of lubricity in an aviation fuel.  
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5.3 The wear scar generated in the ball-on-cylinder lubricity evaluator (BOCLE) test is sensitive to contamination of the fluids and test materials, the presence of oxygen and water in the atmosphere, and the temperature of the test. Lubricity measurements are also sensitive to trace materials acquired during sampling and storage. Containers specified in Practice D4306 shall be used.  
5.4 The BOCLE test method may not directly reflect operating conditions of engine hardware. For example, some fuels that contain a high content of certain sulfur compounds can give anomalous test results.
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Test Method  
Petroleum Products  
Boiling Range, °C (°F)
(approximate)  
A  
Light Distillates  
15–260 (60–500)  
B  
Middle Distillates  
200–370 (400–700)  
Gas Oils  
370–510 (700–950)  
C  
Residua  
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5.4 This test method provides a means of determining whether the vanadium and nickel content of crude meets the operational limits of the refinery and whether the metal content will have a deleterious effect on the refining process or when used as a fuel.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determination of total vanadium and nickel in crude and residual oil in the concentration ranges shown in Table 1 using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry.  
1.2 Sulfur is measured for analytical purposes only for the compensation of X-ray absorption matrix effects affecting the vanadium and nickel X-rays. For measurement of sulfur by standard test method use Test Methods D4294, D2622 or other suitable standard test method for sulfur in crude and residual oils.  
1.3 This test method is limited to the use of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometers employing an X-ray tube for excitation in conjunction with wavelength dispersive detection system or energy dispersive high resolution semiconductor detector with the ability to separate signals of adjacent and near-adjacent elements.  
1.4 This test method uses inter-element correction factors calculated from XRF theory, the fundamental parameters (FP) approach, or best fit regression.  
1.5 Samples containing higher concentrations than shown in Table 1 must be diluted to bring the elemental concentration of the diluted material within the scope of this test method.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6.1 The preferred concentrations units are mg/kg for vanadium and nickel.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
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  • Standard
    7 pages
    English language
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