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ASTM D7257-06(2011)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Automated Shelling Two-Piece Child-Resistant Closures That Are Activated by Two Simultaneous Dissimilar Motions (Withdrawn 2018)

Standard Test Method for Automated Shelling Two-Piece Child-Resistant Closures That Are Activated by Two Simultaneous Dissimilar Motions (Withdrawn 2018)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method of applying force may be used as a standard test to compare the characteristics of a given design of container/child-resistant closure system with a standard or to compare the characteristics of container/child resistant closure systems differing in construction.
It may be used to simulate certain manipulations that may be expected to occur in protocol testing (such as, prying with the teeth, or objects in the room, biting, and pulling with the teeth).
This test may be used to establish performance specifications. Shelling force may vary with cap application torque, bottle design, and other factors. Consequently where precise comparative results are desired, these factors must be carefully controlled.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the force required to separate (or “shell”) the snap-fitted outer cap from the inner cap of Type IA, IB, or IC child-resistant closures. See Practice D3475.
1.2 This test method is an alternative to Test Method D3481, a manual test procedure.
1.3 This test method does not measure the force required to separate parts of a child-resistant closure system that were originally “screwed-on” instead of “snapped-on” (for example, pull a cap over or through continuous or multi-start threads when the cap was originally screwed on).
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method covered the measurement of the force required to separate (or "shell") the snap-fitted outer cap from the inner cap of Type IA, IB, or IC child-resistant closures.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee F02 on Primary Barrier Packaging, this test method was withdrawn in May 2018. This standard is being withdrawn without replacement due to its limited use by industry.

General Information

Status
Withdrawn
Publication Date
31-Jul-2011
Withdrawal Date
31-May-2018
ICS
43.040.80 - Crash protection and restraint systems
Technical Committee
F02 - Primary Barrier Packaging
Drafting Committee
F02.25 - Rigid Container Closure Systems
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D7257-06 - Standard Test Method for Automated Shelling Two-Piece Child-Resistant Closures That Are Activated by Two Simultaneous Dissimilar Motions
Effective Date
01-Aug-2011

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ASTM D7257-06(2011) - Standard Test Method for Automated Shelling Two-Piece Child-Resistant Closures That Are Activated by Two Simultaneous Dissimilar Motions (Withdrawn 2018)ASTM D7257-06(2011) - Standard Test Method for Automated Shelling Two-Piece Child-Resistant Closures That Are Activated by Two Simultaneous Dissimilar Motions (Withdrawn 2018)
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ASTM D7257-06(2011) - Standard Test Method for Automated Shelling Two-Piece Child-Resistant Closures That Are Activated by Two Simultaneous Dissimilar Motions (Withdrawn 2018)
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Standards Content (Sample)


NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D7257 − 06 (Reapproved 2011)
Standard Test Method for
Automated Shelling Two-Piece Child-Resistant Closures
That Are Activated by Two Simultaneous Dissimilar
Motions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7257; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E105 Practice for Probability Sampling of Materials
E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,With
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the force
Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a
required to separate (or “shell”) the snap-fitted outer cap from
Lot or Process
the inner cap ofType IA, IB, or IC child-resistant closures. See
Practice D3475.
3. Terminology
1.2 ThistestmethodisanalternativetoTestMethodD3481,
3.1 Definitions:
a manual test procedure.
3.1.1 shelling fixture or bracket—a metal bracket that at-
1.3 This test method does not measure the force required to
taches to a two-piece, child-resistant closure and pries an outer
separate parts of a child-resistant closure system that were
cap from an inner cap. The bracket is shaped to simulate the
originally “screwed-on” instead of “snapped-on” (for example,
prying action of a child’s teeth. See Fig. 1.
pull a cap over or through continuous or multi-start threads
3.1.2 drive cable—a non-extensible cable attached from the
when the cap was originally screwed on).
shelling fixture to a tensile strength measuring device to
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
provide the cap shelling force.
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
3.1.3 lifting notch—indentation on the shelling fixture that
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
lifts the outer cap off the inner cap during the test. See detailA
and are not considered standard.
in Fig. 1.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4. Summary of Test Method
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.1 This test method measures the force required to pry the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
outercapofftheinnercapusingafixturehavingacontactpoint
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
under the tip of the skirt of the outer cap and leverage being
placed on that point and the top of the cap. This procedure is
2. Referenced Documents
2 used where a pivotal prying force can be successfully used to
2.1 ASTM Standards:
separate the components of the closure system, thereby dis-
D3474 Practice for Calibration and Use of Torque Meters
abling the child-resistant function.
Used in Packaging Applications
D3475 Classification of Child-Resistant Packages
5. Significance and Use
D3481 Test Method for Manual Shelling Two-Piece Child-
Resistant Closures ThatAreActivated by Two Simultane- 5.1 This test method of applying force may be used as a
ous Dissimilar Motions standardtesttocomparethecharacteristicsofagivendesignof
container/child-resistant closure system with a standard or to
compare the characteristics of container/child resistant closure
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F02 on Flexible
systems differing in construction.
Barrier Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F02.25 on Rigid
Container Closure Systems.
5.2 It may be used to simulate certain manipulations that
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2011. Published November 2011. Originally
may be expected to occur in protocol testing (such as, prying
approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D7257 –06. DOI:
with the teeth, or objects in the room, biting, and pulling with
10.1520/D7257-06R11.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or the teeth).
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.3 This test may be used to establish performance specifi-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. cations. Shelling force may vary with cap application torque,
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D7257 − 06 (2011)
FIG. 1 Shelling Bracket
D7257 − 06 (2011)
bottle design, and other factors. Consequently where precise is suspended freely. Zero the load sensor or note the weight of
comparative results are desired, these factors must be carefully the fixture to subtract it from the shelling force measurements
controlled. later.
9.3 The load cell of the tensile test should be directly above
6. Apparatus
the cap on the container fixture.
6.1 Testing Machine—A testing machine of the constant-
9.4 After the closure has been applied, attach the container
rate-of-crosshead-movement with vertical orientation type and
fixture to the fixed member of the tensile testing machine.
comprising essentially the following:
6.1.1 Fixed Member—A fixed or essentially stationary grip
9.5 Position the body of the shelling fixture onto the closure
capable of holding a suitable bottle finish for the cap to be
so that the fixture is horizontal and lifting notch is under the
tested. The fixed grip should be the lower grip.
outer cap.
6.1.2 Movable Member—Amovable,topmembercarryinga
9.6 Setthetensiletesterforatravelspeedof15in./min(381
second grip.
mm
...

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This specification covers grades of fuel oil intended for use in various types of fuel-oil-burning equipment under various climatic and operating conditions. These grades include the following: Grades No. 1 S5000, No. 1 S500, No. 2 S5000, and No. 2 S500 for use in domestic and small industrial burners; Grades No. 1 S5000 and No. 1 S500 adapted to vaporizing type burners or where storage conditions require low pour point fuel; Grades No. 4 (Light) and No. 4 (Heavy) for use in commercial/industrial burners; and Grades No. 5 (Light), No. 5 (Heavy), and No. 6 for use in industrial burners. Preheating is usually required for handling and proper atomization. The grades of fuel oil shall be homogeneous hydrocarbon oils, free from inorganic acid, and free from excessive amounts of solid or fibrous foreign matter. Grades containing residual components shall remain uniform in normal storage and not separate by gravity into light and heavy oil components outside the viscosity limits for the grade. The grades of fuel oil shall conform to the limiting requirements prescribed for: (1) flash point, (2) water and sediment, (3) physical distillation or simulated distillation, (4) kinematic viscosity, (5) Ramsbottom carbon residue, (6) ash, (7) sulfur, (8) copper strip corrosion, (9) density, and (10) pour point. The test methods for determining conformance to the specified properties are given.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification (see Note 1) covers grades of fuel oil intended for use in various types of fuel-oil-burning equipment under various climatic and operating conditions. These grades are described as follows:  
1.1.1 Grades No. 1 S5000, No. 1 S500, No. 1 S15, No. 2 S5000, No. 2 S500, and No. 2 S15 are middle distillate fuels for use in domestic and small industrial burners. Grades No. 1 S5000, No. 1 S500, and No. 1 S15 are particularly adapted to vaporizing type burners or where storage conditions require low pour point fuel.  
1.1.2 Grades B6–B20 S5000, B6–B20 S500, and B6–B20 S15 are middle distillate fuel/biodiesel blends for use in domestic and small industrial burners.  
1.1.3 Grades No. 4 (Light) and No. 4 are heavy distillate fuels or middle distillate/residual fuel blends used in commercial/industrial burners equipped for this viscosity range.  
1.1.4 Grades No. 5 (Light), No. 5 (Heavy), and No. 6 are residual fuels of increasing viscosity and boiling range, used in industrial burners. Preheating is usually required for handling and proper atomization.  
Note 1: For information on the significance of the terminology and test methods used in this specification, see Appendix X1.
Note 2: A more detailed description of the grades of fuel oils is given in X1.3.  
1.2 This specification is for the use of purchasing agencies in formulating specifications to be included in contracts for purchases of fuel oils and for the guidance of consumers of fuel oils in the selection of the grades most suitable for their needs.  
1.3 Nothing in this specification shall preclude observance of federal, state, or local regulations which can be more restrictive.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.4.1 Non-SI units are provided in Table 1 and Table 2 and in 7.1.2.1/7.1.2.2 because these are common units used in the industry.
Note 3: The generation and dissipation of static electricity can create problems in the handling of distillate burner fuel oils. For more information on the subject, see Guide D4865.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
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  • Technical specification
    13 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off