ASTM D6447-09
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Hydroperoxide Number of Aviation Turbine Fuels by Voltammetric Analysis
Standard Test Method for Hydroperoxide Number of Aviation Turbine Fuels by Voltammetric Analysis
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method and Test Method D 3703 measure the same peroxide species (primarily hydroperoxides) in aviation fuels.
The magnitude of the hydroperoxide number is an indication of the quantity of oxidizing constituents present. Deterioration of fuel results in the formation of hydroperoxides and other oxygen-carrying compounds. The hydroperoxide number measures those compounds that will oxidize potassium iodide.
The determination of the hydroperoxide number of fuels is significant because of the adverse effect of hydroperoxides upon certain elastomers in the fuel systems.
SCOPE
1.1 The test method covers the determination of the hydroperoxide content of aviation turbine fuels. The test method may also be applicable to the determination of the hydroperoxide content of any water-insoluble, organic fluid, particularly diesel fuels, gasolines, and kerosines.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 6.3-6.5, Annex A1, and Annex A2.
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D6447 − 09
StandardTest Method for
Hydroperoxide Number of Aviation Turbine Fuels by
1
Voltammetric Analysis
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6447; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 4. Significance and Use
1.1 Thetestmethodcoversthedeterminationofthehydrop- 4.1 This test method and Test Method D3703 measure the
eroxide content of aviation turbine fuels. The test method may same peroxide species (primarily hydroperoxides) in aviation
also be applicable to the determination of the hydroperoxide fuels.
content of any water-insoluble, organic fluid, particularly
4.2 The magnitude of the hydroperoxide number is an
diesel fuels, gasolines, and kerosines.
indication of the quantity of oxidizing constituents present.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as Deteriorationoffuelresultsintheformationofhydroperoxides
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this and other oxygen-carrying compounds. The hydroperoxide
standard. numbermeasuresthosecompoundsthatwilloxidizepotassium
iodide.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all the safety
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
4.3 Thedeterminationofthehydroperoxidenumberoffuels
of the user of this standard to consult and establish appropriate
is significant because of the adverse effect of hydroperoxides
safety and health practices and determine the applicability of
upon certain elastomers in the fuel systems.
regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning
5. Apparatus
statements, see 6.3-6.5, Annex A1, and Annex A2.
3
5.1 Voltammetric Analyzer —The instrument used to quan-
2. Referenced Documents tify the liberated iodine is a voltammetric analyzer equipped
2 with a three electrode system and a digital or analog output.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
The combination electrode system (see Fig. 1) consists of a
D1193Specification for Reagent Water
glassy carbon disc (3-mm diameter) working electrode, a
D3703Test Method for Hydroperoxide Number ofAviation
platinum wire (0.5 mm diameter) auxiliary electrode, and a
Turbine Fuels, Gasoline and Diesel Fuels
platinum wire (0.5 mm diameter) reference electrode. The
D4057Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
voltammetricanalyzerappliesalinearvoltageramp(0to−1V
Petroleum Products
range with respect to the reference electrode) at a rate of 0.1
V/s to the auxiliary electrode. The current output of the
3. Summary of Test Method
working electrode is converted to voltage by the voltammetric
3.1 A quantity of sample is contacted with aqueous potas-
analyzer, using the gain ratio of 1V/20µA. The peak height or
sium iodide solution in the presence of acid. The hydroperox-
peakareaofthevoltammetricresponsetoiodineisoutputtedto
ides present are reduced by the potassium iodide. An equiva-
an analog or digital recording device (0 to 1 V full scale).
lent amount of iodine is liberated, which is quantified by
4
5.2 Vortex Mixer, witha2800to3000rpmmotorandapad
voltammetric analysis. The results are calculated and reported
suitable for mixing test tubes and vials.
as millimoles (mmole) of hydroperoxide per litre of sample.
5.3 Pipette, or equivalent, capable of delivering volumes
required in the test method, such as 0.2, 1, and 2 mL.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
3
Petroleum Products and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee Voltammetric analyzers specifically designed to perform hydroperoxide value
D02.05 on Properties of Fuels, Petroleum Coke and Carbon Material. determinations of aviation turbine fuels are commercially available from The
Current edition approved April 15, 2009. Published May 2009. Originally University of Dayton Research Institute. Voltammographs, which can be set up to
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D6447–03. DOI: perform hydroperoxide value determinations of aviation turbine fuels, are available
10.1520/D6447-09. from BAS, West Lafayette, IN and EG&G PrincetonApplied Research, Princeton,
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or NJ.
4
contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. ForAnnual Book ofASTM Vortexmixerssuitableformixingthepreparedstandardandsamplesolutionare
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on available from Barnstead/Thermolyne, Dubuque, IA and Fisher Scientific Co.,
the ASTM website. Pittsburgh, PA.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive,
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard
Designation:D6447–03 Designation:D6447–09
Standard Test Method for
Hydroperoxide Number of Aviation Turbine Fuels by
1
Voltammetric Analysis
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6447; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1The1.1 Thetestmethodcoversthedeterminationofthehydroperoxidecontentofaviationturbinefuels.Thetestmethodmay
alsobeapplicabletothedeterminationofthehydroperoxidecontentofanywater-insoluble,organicfluid,particularlydieselfuels,
gasolines, and kerosines.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of
the user of this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 6.3-6.5, Annex A1, and Annex A2.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D3703 Test Method for Peroxide Number of Aviation Turbine Fuels Test Method for Hydroperoxide Number of Aviation
Turbine Fuels, Gasoline and Diesel Fuels
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 A quantity of sample is contacted with aqueous potassium iodide solution in the presence of acid. The hydroperoxides
present are reduced by the potassium iodide. An equivalent amount of iodine is liberated, which is quantified by voltammetric
analysis. The results are calculated and reported as millimoles (mmole) of hydroperoxide per litre of sample.
4. Significance and Use
4.1ThistestmethodisfunctionallyequivalenttoTestMethodD3703,whichusesanozonedepletingsubstance,(1,1,2-trichloro-
1,2,2-trifluoroethane). The use of an ozone depleting substance precludes U. S. military bases from utilizing Test Method D3703.
This test method and Test Method D3703
4.1 This test method andTest Method D3703 measure the same peroxide species (primarily hydroperoxides) in aviation fuels.
4.2 Themagnitudeofthehydroperoxidenumberisanindicationofthequantityofoxidizingconstituentspresent.Deterioration
of fuel results in the formation of hydroperoxides and other oxygen-carrying compounds. The hydroperoxide number measures
those compounds that will oxidize potassium iodide.
4.3 Thedeterminationofthehydroperoxidenumberoffuelsissignificantbecauseoftheadverseeffectofhydroperoxidesupon
certain elastomers in the fuel systems.
5. Apparatus
3
5.1 Voltammetric Analyzer —The instrument used to quantify the liberated iodine is a voltammetric analyzer equipped with a
three electrode system and a digital or analog output. The combination electrode system (see Fig. 1) consists of a glassy carbon
disc (3-mm diameter) working electrode, a platinum wire (0.5 mm diameter) auxiliary electrode, and a platinum wire (0.5 mm
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.05 on
Properties of Fuels, Petroleum Coke and Carbon Material.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2003. Published November 2003. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D6447–99.
Current edition approved April 15, 2009. Published May 2009. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D6447–03.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.ForAnnualBookofASTMStandards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Voltammetric analyzers specifically designed to perform hydroperoxide value determinations of aviation turbine fuels are commercially available from The University
of Dayton Research Institute. Voltammographs, which can be set up to perform hydroperoxide value determinations of aviation turbine fuels, are available from BAS, West
Lafayette, IN and EG&G Princeton Applied Research, Princeton, NJ.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
-------------------
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.