ASTM D4941-06(2021)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Preparing Drawdowns of Artists’ Paste Paints
Standard Practice for Preparing Drawdowns of Artists’ Paste Paints
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Quality standards for artists' paints require the evaluation of various appearance characteristics of paint films. Tinting strength determination (Test Method D4838) specifically requires the preparation of drawdowns for colorimetric measurement. Other evaluations such as color designation, transparency, gloss, and color difference measurements also require drawdown samples.
5.2 Artists’ tube paints have a paste consistency that makes the use of traditional film application methods difficult, especially for drying oil paints.
5.3 Artists' paints vary in two properties important to the preparation of films, that is, transparency and drying time. Colorimetric determination and some other types of evaluation require paint specimens that completely hide the substrate. Very transparent paints require such a thick film to produce complete hiding that drying times is excessively long or the specimen surface is blemished. When complete hiding is necessary, this practice is designed to provide opaque films without these defects through application of a series of thin films.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the production of uniform films of artists’ tube paints and other nonflowing pigmented paints using paint applicators designed for less viscous paints.
1.2 Information on how to achieve opaque specimens from these paints is included.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D4941 − 06 (Reapproved 2021)
Standard Practice for
Preparing Drawdowns of Artists’ Paste Paints
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4941; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 drawdown, n—alayerofpaintdepositedonasubstrate
1.1 This practice covers the production of uniform films of
by use of a drawdown bar for the evaluation of paint charac-
artists’ tube paints and other nonflowing pigmented paints
teristics.
using paint applicators designed for less viscous paints.
3.2.2 drawdown bar, n—a metal applicator with a specified
1.2 Information on how to achieve opaque specimens from
gap designed to deposit a wet paint film uniformly on a
these paints is included.
specified test panel (for example, an opacity chart) or other
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
substrate.
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only.
4. Summary of Practice
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.1 The paint is spread over the area of the test panel to be
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
covered by the drawdown and the bar is pulled down with
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
pressure just sufficient to avoid lifting of the bar from the chart
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
surface.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.2 Test panels are allowed to dry in a dust-free environ-
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
ment.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
4.3 If complete hiding (opacity) is needed and not produced
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- by a single paint film, a second film is applied at a 90° angle to
the first. If required, additional layers may be applied using a
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. narrower drawdown bar.
2. Referenced Documents
5. Significance and Use
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1 Quality standards for artists’ paints require the evalua-
D16 TerminologyforPaint,RelatedCoatings,Materials,and
tion of various appearance characteristics of paint films.
Applications
Tinting strength determination (Test Method D4838) specifi-
D4838 Test Method for Determining the Relative Tinting
cally requires the preparation of drawdowns for colorimetric
Strength of Chromatic Paints
measurement. Other evaluations such as color designation,
E1164 PracticeforObtainingSpectrometricDataforObject-
transparency, gloss, and color difference measurements also
Color Evaluation
require drawdown samples.
5.2 Artists’tube paints have a paste consistency that makes
3. Terminology
the use of traditional film application methods difficult, espe-
3.1 Definitions—See Terminology D16 for definitions of
cially for drying oil paints.
terms used in this practice.
5.3 Artists’ paints vary in two properties important to the
preparation of films, that is, transparency and drying time.
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and
Colorimetric determination and some other types of evaluation
Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
require paint specimens that completely hide the substrate.
Subcommittee D01.57 on Artist Paints and Related Materials.
Very transparent paints require such a thick film to produce
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2021. Published November 2021. Originally
complete hiding that drying times is excessively long or the
approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D4941 – 06 (2016).
DOI: 10.1520/D4941-06R21.
specimen surface is blemished. When complete hiding is
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
necessary, this practice is designed to provide opaque films
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
without these defects through application of a series of thin
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. films.
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