ASTM C359-03a

Standard Test Method for Early Stiffening of Hydraulic Cement (Mortar Method)

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of early stiffening in hydraulic-cement mortar.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure. The use of gloves, protective clothing, and eye protection is recommended. Wash contact area with copious amounts of water after contact. Wash eyes for a minimum of 15 min. Avoid exposure of the body to clothing saturated with the liquid phase of the unhardened material. Remove contaminated clothing immediately after exposure.)

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2003
• ICS: 91.100.10 - Cement. Gypsum. Lime. Mortar
• Technical Committee: C01 - Cement
• Drafting Committee: C01.30 - Time of Set

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C359-03 - Standard Test Method for Early Stiffening of Hydraulic Cement (Mortar Method)
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2003
• Replaced By: ASTM C359-04 - Standard Test Method for Early Stiffening of Hydraulic Cement (Mortar Method)
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2004
• Referred By: ASTM C1810/C1810M-22 - Standard Guide for Comparing Performance of Concrete-Making Materials Using Mortar Mixtures
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2003
• Referred By: ASTM C1157/C1157M-23 - Standard Performance Specification for Hydraulic Cement
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2003
• Referred By: ASTM C887-20 - Standard Specification for Packaged, Dry, Combined Materials for Surface Bonding Mortar
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2003

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C 359 – 03a
Standard Test Method for
1
Early Stiffening of Hydraulic Cement (Mortar Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 359; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope of Length Change of Hardened Cement Paste, Mortar, and
Concrete
1.1 This test method covers the determination of early
C 670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
stiffening in hydraulic-cement mortar.
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
1.2 The values stated in SI units are the standard. The values
C 778 Specification for Standard Sand
in parentheses are for information only.
C 1005 Specification for Reference Masses and Devices for
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Determining Mass for Use in the Physical Testing of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Hydraulic Cements
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
E 1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh
hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause
3. Terminology
chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.
3.1 Definitions:
The use of gloves, protective clothing, and eye protection is
3.1.1 early stiffening—the early development of stiffness in
recommended. Wash contact area with copious amounts of
the working characteristics of a hydraulic-cement paste, mor-
water after contact. Wash eyes for a minimum of 15 min. Avoid
tar, or concrete; varieties include false set and flash set.
exposure of the body to clothing saturated with the liquid phase
3.1.2 false set—the early development of stiffness in the
of the unhardened material. Remove contaminated clothing
2
working characteristics of a hydraulic-cement paste, mortar, or
immediately after exposure.)
concrete without the evolution of much heat, which stiffness
2. Referenced Documents can be dispelled and plasticity regained by further mixing
3
without addition of water; also known as “grab set,”“ prema-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
ture stiffening,” “hesitation set,” and “rubber set.”
C 183 Practice for Sampling and the Amount of Testing of
3.1.3 flash set—the early development of stiffness in the
Hydraulic Cement
working characteristics of a hydraulic-cement paste, mortar, or
C 185 Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic Cement
concrete, usually with the evolution of considerable heat,
Mortar
which stiffness cannot be dispelled nor can the plasticity be
C 187 Test Method for Normal Consistency of Hydraulic
regained by further mixing without addition of water; also
Cement
known as “quick set.”
C 305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic Cement
Pastes and Mortars of Plastic Consistency
4. Summary of Test Method
C 490 Practice for Use of Apparatus for the Determination
4.1 A mortar is prepared with the cement to be tested, using
specified quantities of cement, standard sand, and an amount of
water that will produce a mortar with an initial penetration of
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 on Cement
46 6 3 mm, using the modified Vicat apparatus. Measurements
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.30 on Time of Set.
of penetration are made at stipulated intervals after the begin-
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2003. Published November 2003. Originally
ning of the mixing procedure. Upon completion of the first
approved in 1955. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as C 359 – 03.
2
series of penetration measurements, the mortar is returned to
Section on Safety, Manual of Cement Testing, Annual Book of ASTM
Standards, Vol 04.01.
the mixer to be remixed. Following the remix procedure, an
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
additional penetration, termed the remix penetration, is deter-
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
mined. The report is a tabulation of the penetration measure-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. ments and the amount of mixing water used.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C 359 – 03a
5. Significance and Use
5.1 The purpose of this test method is to determine the
degree to which a cement mortar develops early stiffening. It is
intended for use by those interested in methods for determi
...