ASTM F2379-04
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Energy Performance of Powered Open Warewashing Sinks
Standard Test Method for Energy Performance of Powered Open Warewashing Sinks
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The energy input rate test is used to confirm that the powered sink is operating properly prior to further testing.
Preheat energy and time can be useful to food service operators to manage power demands and to know how quickly the powered sink can be ready for operation when filled with cold water.
Note 2—It is typically recommended that powered sinks be filled with hot water prior to use. This test is useful for operations that have a limited supply of domestic hot water and would need to use cold water to fill the sink to capacity.
Idle energy rate and pilot energy rate can be used to estimate energy consumption during standby periods.
Washing cycle energy consumption can be used by the food service operator to estimate energy consumption during operating periods.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method evaluates the energy consumption of powered open warewashing sinks. The food service operator can use these tests to evaluate and select a suitable washing device and understand its energy consumption.
1.2 This test method applies to powered open warewashing sinks (powered sinks) with the following characteristics: a large main water sink with electrically powered water pump(s) and multiple high flow water nozzles. The unit may include gas or electric heaters to maintain water temperature. These powered sinks are designed to run for predetermined cycle duration and accommodate pots and pans of various shapes and sizes as well as cooking utensils. They are intended for stand alone use and require little supervision. The powered sink will be tested for the following (where applicable):
1.2.1 Maximum energy input rate (10.2),
1.2.2 Preheat energy consumption and duration (10.3,
1.2.3 Idle energy rate (10.4),
1.2.4 Pilot energy rate, if applicable (10.5), and
1.2.5 Washing cycle energy consumption (10.6).
Note 1—This test method applies only to the powered portion of the unit. Other compartments (sanitizing, rinsing, and so forth) are not evaluated.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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An American National Standard
Designation:F2379–04
Standard Test Method for
Energy Performance of Powered Open Warewashing Sinks
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2379; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.2 ANSI Standard:
2000 International Fuel Gas Code
1.1 This test method evaluates the energy consumption of
2.3 ASHRAE Documents:
powered open warewashing sinks. The food service operator
ASHRAE Guideline 2 (RA90) Engineering Analysis of
can use these tests to evaluate and select a suitable washing
Experimental Data
device and understand its energy consumption.
ASHRAE 1993 Fundamentals Handbook
1.2 This test method applies to powered open warewashing
sinks (powered sinks) with the following characteristics: a
3. Terminology
large main water sink with electrically powered water pump(s)
3.1 Definitions:
andmultiplehighflowwaternozzles.Theunitmayincludegas
3.1.1 powered open warewashing sink, or powered sink,
or electric heaters to maintain water temperature. These pow-
n—an all-purpose, stainless steel water sink with electrically
eredsinksaredesignedtorunforpredeterminedcycleduration
powered water pump(s) and multiple high flow water nozzles
and accommodate pots and pans of various shapes and sizes as
designed for cleaning pots, pans, and utensils. The main
well as cooking utensils. They are intended for stand alone use
washingsinkholds60to100galofheatedwater.Theunitmay
and require little supervision. The powered sink will be tested
or may not feature a scrapper sink, rinse tank, sanitizing tank,
for the following (where applicable):
scrap table, or a drain table, or both.
1.2.1 Maximum energy input rate (10.2),
3.1.2 test method, n—a definitive procedure for the identi-
1.2.2 Preheat energy consumption and duration (10.3),
fication, measurement, and evaluation of one or more qualities,
1.2.3 Idle energy rate (10.4),
characteristics, or properties of a material, product, system, or
1.2.4 Pilot energy rate, if applicable (10.5), and
service that produces test results.
1.2.5 Washing cycle energy consumption (10.6).
3.1.3 uncertainty, n—measure of systematic and precision
NOTE 1—This test method applies only to the powered portion of the
errors in specified instrumentation or measure of repeatability
unit. Other compartments (sanitizing, rinsing, and so forth) are not
of a reported test result.
evaluated.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.3
3.2.1 energy input rate, n—peak rate at which a powered
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
sink consumes energy (Btu/h or kW (kJ/h)).
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2.2 idle energy rate, n—the rate of energy consumed
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
(Btu/h or kW (kJ/h)) by the powered sink while holding or
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
maintaining a water-filled wash sink at the 115°F (46°C)
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
setpoint.
3.2.3 pilot energy rate, n—average rate of energy consump-
2. Referenced Documents
tion (Btu/h) by a powered sink’s continuous pilot (if appli-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
cable).
D3588 PracticeforCalculatingHeatValue,Compressibility
3.2.4 preheat energy, n—amount of energy consumed by
Factor, and Relative Density of Gaseous Fuels
thepoweredsinkwhilepreheatingthewashsinkwaterfrom70
6 5°F (21 6 3°C) to 115°F (46°C), with the control(s) set to
1 a calibrated 115°F (46°C).
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F26 on Food
Service Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F26.06 on
Productivity and Energy Protocol.
Current edition approved April 1, 2004. Published April 2004. DOI: 10.1520/
F2379-04. Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Available from American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (ASHRAE), 1791 Tullie Circle, NE, Atlanta, GA
the ASTM website. 30329.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
F2379–04
3.2.5 preheat rate, n—average rate (°F/min) at which the 6.3 Gas Meter, for measuring the gas consumption of the
powered sink’s water is heated from 70 6 5°F (21 6 3°C) to powered sink (if applicable), shall have a resolution of at least
3 3
115°F (46°C), with the control(s) set to a calibrated 115°F 0.01 ft (0.0003 m ) and a maximum uncertainty no greater
(46°C). than 1 % of the measured value for any demand greater than
3 3
3.2.6 preheat time, n—time required for the powered sink 2.2 ft /h (0.06 m /h). If the meter is used for measuring the gas
water to preheat from 70 6 5°F (21 6 3°C) to 115°F (46°C), consumed by pilot lights, it shall have a resolution of at least
3 3
with the control(s) set to a calibrated 115°F (46°C). 0.01 ft (0.0003 m ) and have a maximum uncertainty no
3.2.7 washing energy, n—amount of energy consumed (Btu greater than 2 % of the measured value.
or kWh (kJ)) during the powered sink’s washing cycle. 6.4 Pressure Gage, for monitoring natural gas pressure.
3.2.8 washing energy rate, n—average rate of energy con- Shall have a range of zero to 10 in. H O, a resolution of 0.5 in.
sumption (Btu/h or kW (kJ/h)) during the powered sink’s H O, and a maximum uncertainty of 1 % of the measured
washing cycle. value.
6.5 Primary Supply, water heating system capable of sup-
4. Summary of Test Method
plying water at 115 6 5°F (46 6 3°C), as required by the
4.1 The powered sink under test is connected to the appro-
powered sink.
priate metered energy supply. The measured energy input rate
6.6 Stop Watch, with a 1-s resolution.
is determined and checked against the rated input before
6.7 Temperature Sensor, for measuring natural gas tempera-
continuing with testing.
ture in the range of 50 to 100°F (10 to 37.8°C), with a
4.2 The amount of cold (70 6 5°F (21 6 3°C)) water
resolution of 0.5°F (0.3°C) and an uncertainty of 61°F
required to fill the main water sink to capacity is measured.
(0.6°C).
4.3 The amount of energy and time required to preheat the
6.8 Thermocouple Probe,industrystandardtypeTortypeK
powered sink’s wash sink from 70 6 5°F (21 6 3°C) to 115°F
thermocouples capable of immersion with a range of 50 to
(46°C) is determined.
200°F (10 to 93°C) and an uncertainty of 61°F.
4.4 The rate of idle energy consumption is determined with
6.9 Watt-Hour Meter, for measuring the electrical energy
the powered sink set to maintain 115°F (46°C) and the pump
consumption of a powered sink, shall have a resolution of at
motor(s) switched off.
least 10 Wh and a maximum uncertainty no greater than 1.5 %
4.5 Pilot energy rate is determined, when applicable, for gas
of the measured value for any demand greater than 100 W. For
powered sinks.
any demand less than 100 W, the meter shall have a resolution
4.6 Washing cycle energy consumption is characterized for
of at least 10 Wh and a maximum uncertainty no greater than
two different starting water temperatures: 70°F (21°C) and
10 %.
115°F (46°C).
7. Reagents and Materials
5. Significance and Use
7.1 Water, to fill the water sink shall meet the manufactur-
5.1 The energy input rate test is used to confirm that the
er’s specifications for quality and hardness.
powered sink is operating properly prior to further testing.
7.2 Powered Sink Detergent, to be added to the water shall
5.2 Preheat energy and time can be useful to food service
meet power washer manufacturer’s specifications for type and
operators to manage power demands and to know how quickly
amount. Otherwise, the detergent shall be a standard liquid
the powered sink can be ready for operation when filled with
type with labeling specifying use in power washers and four
cold water.
ounces (4 oz) shall be added to the primary wash tank for all
NOTE 2—It is typically recommended that powered sinks be filled with
tests.
hot water prior to use.This test is useful for operations that have a limited
supply of domestic hot water and would need to use cold water to fill the
8. Sampling and Test Units
sink to capacity.
8.1 Powered Sink—Arepresentative production model with
5.3 Idle energy rate and pilot energy rate can be used to
heater shall be selected for performance testing.
estimate energy consumption during standby periods.
5.4 Washing cycle energy consumption can be used by the
9. Preparation of Apparatus
food service operator to estimate energy consumption during
9.1 Install the appliance in accordance with the manufactur-
operating periods.
er’s instructions and under a dedicated hood if necessary. Both
6. Apparatus
sides of the powered sink shall be a minimum of 6 in. (305
6.1 Barometer, for measuring absolute atmospheric pres- mm) from any wall, side partition, or other operating appli-
sure, to be used for adjustment of measured natural gas volume ance.Theassociatedheatingorcoolingsystemshallbecapable
tostandardconditions.Shallhavearesolutionof0.2in.Hgand ofmaintaininganambienttemperatureof75 65°F(24 63°C)
an uncertainty of 0.2 in. Hg. within the testing environment when the exhaust ventilation
6.2 Calibrated Exposed Junction Thermocouple Probes, system or the powered sink, or both, are operating.
with a range from 50 to 200°F (10 to 93°C), with a resolution 9.2 Connect the powered sink to a calibrated energy test
of 0.2°F (0.1°C) and an uncertainty of 0.5°F (0.3°C), for meter. For gas installations, install a pressure regulator down-
measuring the average temperature of the sink water, heating stream from the meter to maintain a constant pressure of gas
element temperature, and ambient air temperature. for all tests. Install instrumentation to record both the pressure
F2379–04
andtemperatureofthegassuppliedtothepoweredsinkandthe wall, two thermocouple probes shall be located ( ⁄3 3 height of
barometric pressure during each test so that the measured gas the water fill line from the bottom), above the bottom of the
flow can be corrected to standard conditions. For electric sink ( ⁄3 3 width of the sink), and one from the right and one
installations, a voltage regulator may be required if the voltage from the left wall. Two more thermocouples shall be located
supply is not within 62.5 % of the manufacturer’s nameplate ( ⁄3 3 height of the water fill line from the bottom), above the
voltage. For gas powered sinks, record gas temperature, bottom of the sink ( ⁄3 3 width of the sink), and one from the
pressure, and heating value. Record barometric pressure. right and one from the left wall. These steps shall be repeated
9.3 For an electric powered sink, confirm (while the pow- exactly for the rear wall. See Fig. 1. For example, for a water
ered sink elements are energized) that the supply voltage is sink with a front wall dimension of 18 in. to the fill line and 48
within 62.5 % of the operating voltage specified by the in. from left to right shall have two thermocouples located 6 in.
manufacturer (see Note 3). Record the voltage for each test. from the bottom at 16 in. from either side and two thermo-
Pump and heater energy consumption shall be separately couples 12 in. from the bottom and 16 in. from either side.
monitored and reported for all tests. Repeat for rear wall. (See Fig. 1 for thermocouple location
illustration.)
NOTE 3—It is the intent of the test procedure herein to evaluate the
performance of a powered sink at its rated gas pressure or electric voltage.
10. Procedure
If an electric powered sink is rated dual voltage (that is, designed to
operate at either 208 or 240Vwith no change in components), the voltage
10.1 General:
selected by the manufacturer or tester, or both, shall be reported. If a
10.1.1 For gas powered sinks, record the following for each
powered sink is designed to operate at two voltages without a change in
test run:
the resistance of the heating elements, the performance of the powered
10.1.1.1 Higher heating value,
sink (for example, the preheat time) may differ at the two voltages.
10.1.1.2 Standard gas pressure and temperature used to
9.4 Foragaspoweredsink,adjust(duringmaximumenergy
correct measured gas volume to standard conditions,
input) the gas supply pressure downstream from the powered
10.1.1.3 Measured gas temperature,
sink’s pressure regulator to within 62.5 % of the operating
10.1.1.4 Measured gas pressure,
manifold pressure specified by the manufacturer. Make adjust-
10.1.1.5 Barometric pressure, and
ments to the powered sink following the manufacturer’s
10.1.1.6 Energy input rate during or immediately prior to
recommendations for optimizing combustion.
test.
9.5 Install a temperature sensor to record ambient tempera-
NOTE 4—For a gas appliance, the quantity of heat (energy) generated
tures of the test room. Measure the height of the powered sink.
bythecompletecombustionofthefuelisknownastheheatingvalue,heat
Thesensorshallbeplaced24in.(610mm)awayfromthefront
of combustion, or calorific value of that fuel. For natural gas, this heating
of the powered sink and at a height of half the powered sink’s
value varies according to the constituents of the gas. It is measured in
height. 3
Btu/ft . The heating value shall be obtained during testing and used in the
9.6 Firmly attach eight thermocouple probes evenly along
determination of the energy input to the appliance. Using a calorimeter or
the front and rear sides of the water sink only. For the front gas chromatograph in accordance with accepted laboratory procedures is
FIG. 1 Diagram of Thermocouple Placement per 9.6
F2379–04
the preferred method for determining the higher heating value of gas
10.3.2 If an optional sink cover is provided with the unit, it
supplied to the powered sink under test. It is recommended that all testing
must be used to cover the wash tank during all tests.
be performed with gas having a higher heating value of 1000 to 1075
10.3.3 Record the temperature of the water in the sink. Start
Btu/ft . The use of “bottle” natural gas with a certified heating value
3 3 the preheat and activate the pump. Begin monitoring energy
within the specified 1000 to 1075 Btu/ft (37 300 to 40 100 kJ/m ) range
consumption and time as soon a
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