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ASTM E2009-08

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Oxidation Onset Temperature of Hydrocarbons by Differential Scanning Calorimetry

Standard Test Method for Oxidation Onset Temperature of Hydrocarbons by Differential Scanning Calorimetry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Oxidation onset temperature is a relative measure of the degree of oxidative stability of the material evaluated at a given heating rate and oxidative environment, for example, oxygen; the higher the OOT value the more stable the material. The OOT is described in Fig. 1. The OOT values can be used for comparative purposes and are not an absolute measurement, like the oxidation induction time (OIT) at a constant temperature (see Test Method E 1858). The presence or effectiveness of antioxidants may be determined by this test method.
Typical uses of this test method include the oxidative stability of edible oils and fats (oxidative rancidity), lubricants, greases, and polyolefins.
FIG. 1 DSC Oxidation Onset Temperature (OOT), Extrapolated Onset Temperature
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the determination of the oxidative properties of hydrocarbons by differential scanning calorimetry or pressure differential scanning calorimetry under linear heating rate conditions and is applicable to hydrocarbons, which oxidize exothermically in their analyzed form.
1.2 Test Method A—A differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) is used at ambient pressure, of one atmosphere of oxygen.
1.3 Test Method B—A pressure DSC (PDSC) is used at high pressure, for example, 3.5 MPa (500 psig) oxygen.
1.4 Test Method C—A differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) is used at ambient pressure of one atmosphere of air.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Aug-2008
ICS
17.200.10 - Heat. Calorimetry
Technical Committee
E37 - Thermal Measurements
Drafting Committee
E37.01 - Calorimetry and Mass Loss
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM E2009-02 - Standard Test Method for Oxidation Onset Temperature of Hydrocarbons by Differential Scanning Calorimetry
Effective Date
01-Sep-2008
Referred By
ASTM E2744-21 - Standard Test Method for Pressure Calibration of Thermal Analyzers
Effective Date
01-Sep-2008

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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E2009 − 08
StandardTest Method for
Oxidation Onset Temperature of Hydrocarbons by
1
Differential Scanning Calorimetry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2009; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope communications Wire and Cable
D5483 Test Method for Oxidation Induction Time of Lubri-
1.1 This test method describes the determination of the
catingGreasesbyPressureDifferentialScanningCalorim-
oxidative properties of hydrocarbons by differential scanning
etry
calorimetry or pressure differential scanning calorimetry under
E473 Terminology Relating to Thermal Analysis and Rhe-
linear heating rate conditions and is applicable to
ology
hydrocarbons, which oxidize exothermically in their analyzed
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
form.
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
1.2 Test Method A—A differential scanning calorimeter
E967 Test Method for Temperature Calibration of Differen-
(DSC) is used at ambient pressure, of one atmosphere of
tial Scanning Calorimeters and Differential Thermal Ana-
oxygen.
lyzers
E1858 Test Method for Determining Oxidation Induction
1.3 Test Method B—Apressure DSC (PDSC) is used at high
pressure, for example, 3.5 MPa (500 psig) oxygen. Time of Hydrocarbons by Differential Scanning Calorim-
etry
1.4 Test Method C—A differential scanning calorimeter
(DSC) is used at ambient pressure of one atmosphere of air.
3. Terminology
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.1 Definitions:
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3.1.1 oxidation (extrapolated) onset temperature (OOT)—a
standard.
relative measure of oxidative stability at the cited heating rate
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
is determined from data recorded during a DSC scanning
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
temperature test. The temperature at which the onset to the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
observed oxidation is taken as the OOT.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.2 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
to Terminology E473.
2. Referenced Documents
4. Summary of Method
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1 The test specimen in an aluminum container and an
D3350 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Pipe and Fit-
empty reference aluminum container or pan are heated at a
tings Materials
specified constant heating rate in an oxygen (or air) environ-
D3895 Test Method for Oxidative-Induction Time of Poly-
ment. Heat flow out of the specimen is monitored as a function
olefins by Differential Scanning Calorimetry
of temperature until the oxidative reaction is manifested by
D4565 Test Methods for Physical and Environmental Per-
heat evolution on the thermal curve. The oxidation (extrapo-
formance Properties of Insulations and Jackets for Tele-
lated) onset temperature (OOT), a relative measure of oxida-
tive stability at the cited heating rate, is determined from data
recorded during the scanning temperature test. The OOT
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE37onThermal
measurementisinitiateduponreachingtheexothermicreaction
Measurements and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E37.01 on Calo-
rimetry and Mass Loss.
and measuring the extrapolated onset temperature.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2008. Published October 2008. Originally
4.2 For some particularly stable materials, the OOT may be
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as E2009 – 02. DOI:
10.1520/E2009-08.
quite high (>300 °C) at the specified heating rate of the
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
experiment. Under these circumstances, the OOT may be
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
reduced by increasing the pressure of oxygen purge gas.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. Conversely,reducingthepartialpressureofoxygen(suchasby
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2009 − 08
the use of air) may retard reactions that proceed too rapidly,
1

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
E2009 − 08
with a corresponding increase of the OOT. By admixing 6.4 Specimen containers are aluminum sample pans and
oxygen gas with a suitable diluent, for example, nitrogen,
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:E2009–02 Designation: E 2009 – 08
Standard Test Method for
Oxidation Onset Temperature of Hydrocarbons by
1
Differential Scanning Calorimetry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 2009; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method describes the determination of the oxidative properties of hydrocarbons by differential scanning
calorimetry or pressure differential scanning calorimetry under linear heating rate conditions and is applicable to hydrocarbons,
which oxidize exothermically in their analyzed form.
1.2Computer or electronic-based instruments, techniques, or data treatment equivalent to this test method may also be used.
NOTE1—Users of this test method are expressly advised that all such instruments or techniques may not be equivalent. It is the responsibility of the
user of this standard to determine the necessary equivalency prior to use.
1.3
1.2 Test Method A— A differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) is used at ambient pressure, of one atmosphere of oxygen.
1.4
1.3 Test Method B— A pressure DSC (PDSC) is used at high pressure, for example, 3.5 MPa (500 psig) oxygen.
1.5
1.4 Test Method C— A differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) is used at ambient pressure of one atmosphere of air.
1.6 SI units are the standard.
1.7
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 3350 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Pipe and Fittings Materials
D 3895 Test Method for Oxidative-Induction Time of Polyolefins by Differential Scanning Calorimetry
D 4565 Test Methods for Physical and Environmental Performance Properties of Insulations and Jackets for Telecommunica-
tions Wire and Cable
D 5483 Test Method for Oxidation Induction Time of Lubricating Greases by Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimetry
E 473 Terminology Relating to Thermal Analysis and Rheology
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
E 967 Practice Test Method for Temperature Calibration of Differential Scanning Calorimeters and Differential Thermal
Analyzers
E 1858 Test Method for Determining OxidativeOxidation Induction Time of Hydrocarbons by Differential Scanning
Calorimetry
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 oxidation (extrapolated) onset temperature (OOT)—a relative measure of oxidative stability at the cited heating rate is
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E37 on Thermal Measurements and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E37.01 on Test Methods
and Recommended Practices.
Current edition approved Dec. 10, 2002. Published February 2003. Originally published as E2009–99. Last previous edition approved as E2009–99.on Thermal Test
Methods and Practices.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2008. Published October 2008. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as E 2009–02.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
, Vol 08.02.volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2009–08
determined from data recorded during a DSC scanning temperature test. The temperature at which the onset to the observed
oxidation is taken as the OOT.
3.1.2 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology E 473.
4. Summary of Method
4.1 The test specimen in an aluminum container and an empty reference aluminum container or pan are heated at a specified
constant heating rate in an oxygen (or air) environment. Heat flow out of the specimen is monitored as a function of temperature
until the oxidative reaction is manifested by heat evolution on the thermal cur
...

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5.1 Oxidation onset temperature is a relative measure of the degree of oxidative stability of the material evaluated at a given heating rate and oxidative environment (e.g., oxygen); the higher the OOT value the more stable the material. The OOT is described in Fig. 1. The OOT values can be used for comparative purposes and are not an absolute measurement, like the oxidation induction time (OIT) at a constant temperature (see Test Method E1858). The presence or effectiveness of antioxidants may be determined by these test methods.
FIG. 1 DSC Oxidation (Extrapolated) Onset Temperature (OOT)  
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